scholarly journals Osteoblast‐Specific Wnt Secretion is Required for Skeletal Homeostasis and Loading‐Induced Bone Formation in Adult Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Y. Lawson ◽  
Michael D. Brodt ◽  
Nicole Migotsky ◽  
Christopher J. Chermside‐Scabbo ◽  
Ramya Palaniappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis

scholarly journals Osteoblast-Specific Wnt Secretion is Required for Skeletal Homeostasis and Loading-Induced Bone Formation in Adult Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Y. Lawson ◽  
Michael D. Brodt ◽  
Nicole Migotsky ◽  
Christopher Chermside-Scabbo ◽  
Ramya Palaniappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Anabolic Response ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Wnt Ligands ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis ◽  
Adult Bone ◽  
Systemic Drug

AbstractWnt signaling is critical to many aspects of skeletal regulation, but the importance of Wnt ligands in adult bone homeostasis and the anabolic response to mechanical loading is not well documented. We inhibited Wnt ligand secretion in adult (5-mo) mice using a systemic (drug) and a bone-targeted (genetic) approach, and subjected them to axial tibial loading to induce lamellar bone formation. Mice treated with the porcupine inhibitor WNT974 exhibited a decrease in bone formation in non-loaded limbs as well as a 54% decline in the periosteal bone formation response to tibial loading. Similarly, within 1-2 weeks of Wls deletion in osteoblasts (Osx-CreERT2;WlsF/F mice), skeletal homeostasis was altered with decreased bone formation and increased resorption, and the anabolic response to loading was reduced 65% compared to control (WlsF/F). These findings establish a requirement for Wnt ligand secretion by osteoblasts for adult bone homeostasis and the anabolic response to mechanical loading.

Dissociation of bone resorption and bone formation in adult mice transplanted with OC/OC hematopoietic stem cells

Bone ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S139
Author(s):  
C. Flores ◽  
C.S. Thudium ◽  
G. Langenbach ◽  
M. Brüel ◽  
N.A. Sims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Mice

scholarly journals Osteoporosis in Skin Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Maddalena Sirufo ◽  
Francesca De Pietro ◽  
Enrica Maria Bassino ◽  
Lia Ginaldi ◽  
Massimo De Martinis
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis

Osteoporosis (OP) is defined as a generalized skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and an alteration of the microarchitecture that lead to an increase in bone fragility and, therefore, an increased risk of fractures. It must be considered today as a true public health problem and the most widespread metabolic bone disease that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. Under physiological conditions, there is a balance between bone formation and bone resorption necessary for skeletal homeostasis. In pathological situations, this balance is altered in favor of osteoclast (OC)-mediated bone resorption. During chronic inflammation, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption may be considerably affected, contributing to a net prevalence of osteoclastogenesis. Skin diseases are the fourth cause of human disease in the world, affecting approximately one third of the world’s population with a prevalence in elderly men. Inflammation and the various associated cytokine patterns are the basis of both osteoporosis and most skin pathologies. Moreover, dermatological patients also undergo local or systemic treatments with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants that could increase the risk of osteoporosis. Therefore, particular attention should be paid to bone health in these patients. The purpose of the present review is to take stock of the knowledge in this still quite unexplored field, despite the frequency of such conditions in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota induce IGF-1 and promote bone formation and growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (47) ◽  
pp. E7554-E7563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yan ◽  
Jeremy W. Herzog ◽  
Kelly Tsang ◽  
Caitlin A. Brennan ◽  
Maureen A. Bower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Skeletal Growth ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Specific Pathogen

Appreciation of the role of the gut microbiome in regulating vertebrate metabolism has exploded recently. However, the effects of gut microbiota on skeletal growth and homeostasis have only recently begun to be explored. Here, we report that colonization of sexually mature germ-free (GF) mice with conventional specific pathogen-free (SPF) gut microbiota increases both bone formation and resorption, with the net effect of colonization varying with the duration of colonization. Although colonization of adult mice acutely reduces bone mass, in long-term colonized mice, an increase in bone formation and growth plate activity predominates, resulting in equalization of bone mass and increased longitudinal and radial bone growth. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a hormone with known actions on skeletal growth, are substantially increased in response to microbial colonization, with significant increases in liver and adipose tissue IGF-1 production. Antibiotic treatment of conventional mice, in contrast, decreases serum IGF-1 and inhibits bone formation. Supplementation of antibiotic-treated mice with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), products of microbial metabolism, restores IGF-1 and bone mass to levels seen in nonantibiotic-treated mice. Thus, SCFA production may be one mechanism by which microbiota increase serum IGF-1. Our study demonstrates that gut microbiota provide a net anabolic stimulus to the skeleton, which is likely mediated by IGF-1. Manipulation of the microbiome or its metabolites may afford opportunities to optimize bone health and growth.

A Comparison of Osteoclast-Rich and Osteoclast-Poor Osteopetrosis in Adult Mice Sheds Light on the Role of the Osteoclast in Coupling Bone Resorption and Bone Formation

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian S. Thudium ◽  
Ilana Moscatelli ◽  
Carmen Flores ◽  
Jesper S. Thomsen ◽  
Annemarie Brüel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Adult Mice

scholarly journals Dissociation of Bone Resorption and Bone Formation in Adult Mice with a Non-Functional V-ATPase in Osteoclasts Leads to Increased Bone Strength

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e27482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Henriksen ◽  
Carmen Flores ◽  
Jesper S. Thomsen ◽  
Anne-Marie Brüel ◽  
Christian S. Thudium ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Adult Mice

scholarly journals Cortical bone adaptation and mineral mobilization in the subterranean mammalBathyergus suillus(Rodentia: Bathyergidae): effects of age and sex

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán Montoya-Sanhueza ◽  
Anusuya Chinsamy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Medullary Cavity ◽  
Bone Modeling ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis ◽  
Subterranean Mammal

The patterns of bone modeling and mineral mobilization (skeletal homeostasis) among mammals other than humans and laboratory rodents are still poorly known. In this study we assessed the pattern of bone formation and bone resorption in the femur of a wild population of Cape dune molerats,Bathyergus suillus(n= 41) (Bathyergidae), a solitary subterranean mammal with a marked extended longevity among rodents, and which also lives in a naturally deficient state of vitamin D. In order to determine ontogenetic and sex effects on histomorphometric parameters of transversal undecalcified bone sections, two-way ANOVA, linear mixed-effects model and regression statistical analyses were performed. During ontogeny,B. suillusincreased their cross sectional area, cortical area and cortical thickness, and most importantly, they showed scarce endosteal bone resorption which resulted in a retained medullary cavity size during ontogeny. This resulted in a positively imbalanced bone modeling, where bone formation considerably surpasses bone loss by almost 100-fold in adulthood. This differs markedly from other terrestrial mammals with relatively thin cortical walls. Regarding bone loss and remodeling, three main processes involving intracortical resorption were observed: modeling-related bone loss in early postnatal growth; secondary osteon formation occurring in both sexes; and subendosteal secondary reconstruction observed only in females. The latter is accompanied by females having six-fold more relative bone loss than males, which is evidenced by the development of enlarged resorption cavities (RCs) distributed circumferentially around the medullary cavity. Males have smaller, more circular and randomly distributed RCs. In general, our data indicate no age-related decline in mineral content inB. suillus, and provides strong support for a pattern of sexual dimorphism in skeletal homeostasis, similar to that occurring in humans and other mammals, with females losing more bone throughout aging as compared to males due to reproductive factors. Interestingly as well, despite the high mechanical loads experienced during burrow construction, bone remodeling inB. suillusis kept at very low levels throughout their lifespan, and dense Haversian tissue never forms. This study represents the first comprehensive assessment of skeletal homeostasis in a subterranean mammal, and it enables a better understanding of the complex processes governing the acquisition and maintenance of bone properties in this species with extraordinary fossorial adaptations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document