scholarly journals Response to Comments on “True Gold or Pyrite: A Review of Reference Point Indentation for Assessing Bone Mechanical Properties In Vivo”

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2327-2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R Allen ◽  
Erin MB McNerny ◽  
Jason M Organ ◽  
Joseph M Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Bone Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reference Point Indentation

scholarly journals In vivo reference point indentation reveals positive effects of raloxifene on mechanical properties following 6months of treatment in skeletally mature beagle dogs

Bone ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aref ◽  
Maxime A. Gallant ◽  
Jason M. Organ ◽  
Joseph M. Wallace ◽  
Christopher L. Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Reference Point Indentation

scholarly journals Determination of Elastic Modulus in Mouse Bones Using a Nondestructive Micro-Indentation Technique Using Reference Point Indentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Thiagarajan ◽  
Mark T. Begonia ◽  
Mark Dallas ◽  
Nuria Lara-Castillo ◽  
JoAnna M. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Indentation Modulus ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Bending Modulus ◽  
Reference Point Indentation

The determination of the elastic modulus of bone is important in studying the response of bone to loading and is determined using a destructive three-point bending method. Reference point indentation (RPI), with one cycle of indentation, offers a nondestructive alternative to determine the elastic modulus. While the elastic modulus could be determined using a nondestructive procedure for ex vivo experiments, for in vivo testing, the three-point bending technique may not be practical and hence RPI is viewed as a potential alternative and explored in this study. Using the RPI measurements, total indentation distance (TID), creep indentation distance, indentation force, and the unloading slope, we have developed a numerical analysis procedure using the Oliver–Pharr (O/P) method to estimate the indentation elastic modulus. Two methods were used to determine the area function: (1) Oliver–Pharr (O/P—based on a numerical procedure) and (2) geometric (based on the calculation of the projected area of indentation). The indentation moduli of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) calculated by the O/P (3.49–3.68 GPa) and geometric (3.33–3.49 GPa) methods were similar to values in literature (3.5–4 GPa). In a study using femurs from C57Bl/6 mice of different ages and genders, the three-point bending modulus was lower than the indentation modulus. In femurs from 4 to 5 months old TOPGAL mice, we found that the indentation modulus from the geometric (5.61 ± 1.25 GPa) and O/P (5.53 ± 1.27 GPa) methods was higher than the three-point bending modulus (5.28 ± 0.34 GPa). In females, the indentation modulus from the geometric (7.45 ± 0.86 GPa) and O/P (7.46 ± 0.92 GPa) methods was also higher than the three-point bending modulus (7.33 ± 1.13 GPa). We can conclude from this study that the RPI determined values are relatively close to three-point bending values.

scholarly journals In vivo reference point indentation measurement variability in skeletally mature inbred mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Srisuwananukorn ◽  
Matthew R Allen ◽  
Drew M Brown ◽  
Joseph M Wallace ◽  
Jason M Organ
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Reference Point Indentation ◽  
Indentation Measurement

scholarly journals Variability of in vivo reference point indentation in skeletally mature inbred rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2504-2507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Allen ◽  
Christopher L. Newman ◽  
Eric Smith ◽  
Drew M. Brown ◽  
Jason M. Organ
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Reference Point Indentation ◽  
Inbred Rats

scholarly journals Applications of a New Handheld Reference Point Indentation Instrument Measuring Bone Material Strength

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Randall ◽  
Daniel Bridges ◽  
Roberto Guerri ◽  
Xavier Nogues ◽  
Lluis Puig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Reference Point Indentation ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Bone Material Strength ◽  
Large Animals

A novel, hand-held Reference Point Indentation (RPI) instrument, measures how well the bone of living patients and large animals resists indentation. The results presented here are reported in terms of Bone Material Strength, which is a normalized measure of how well the bone resists indentation, and is inversely related to the indentation distance into the bone. We present examples of the instrument's use in: (1) laboratory experiments on bone, including experiments through a layer of soft tissue, (2) three human clinical trials, two ongoing in Barcelona and at the Mayo Clinic, and one completed in Portland, OR, and (3) two ongoing horse clinical trials, one at Purdue University and another at Alamo Pintado Stables in California. The instrument is capable of measuring consistent values when testing through soft tissue such as skin and periosteum, and does so handheld, an improvement over previous Reference Point Indentation instruments. Measurements conducted on horses showed reproducible results when testing the horse through tissue or on bare bone. In the human clinical trials, reasonable and consistent values were obtained, suggesting the Osteoprobe® is capable of measuring Bone Material Strength in vivo, but larger studies are needed to determine the efficacy of the instrument's use in medical diagnosis.

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