Putative role of proteolysis and in?ammatory response in the toxicity of nerve and blister chemical warfare agents: implications for multi-threat medical countermeasures

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Cowan ◽  
C. A. Broom?eld ◽  
D. E. Lenz ◽  
W. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Medical Countermeasures

Uncovering the Role of Metal–Organic Framework Topology on the Capture and Reactivity of Chemical Warfare Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 4609-4617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia A. Son ◽  
Megan C. Wasson ◽  
Timur Islamoglu ◽  
Zhijie Chen ◽  
Xinyi Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

The role of glutathione on the cytotoxic effects and cellular uptake of diphenylarsinic acid, a degradation product of chemical warfare agents

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Ochi ◽  
Kenji Kinoshita ◽  
Toshihide Suzuki ◽  
Kouichi Miyazaki ◽  
Ayano Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Degradation Product ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Warfare Agents

scholarly journals Enzymatic Decontamination of G-Type, V-Type and Novichok Nerve Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8152
Author(s):  
Pauline Jacquet ◽  
Benjamin Rémy ◽  
Rowdy P. T. Bross ◽  
Marco van Grol ◽  
Floriane Gaucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Type V ◽  
Medical Countermeasures

Organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) are highly toxic compounds inhibiting cholinergic enzymes in the central and autonomic nervous systems and neuromuscular junctions, causing severe intoxications in humans. Medical countermeasures and efficient decontamination solutions are needed to counteract the toxicity of a wide spectrum of harmful OPNAs including G, V and Novichok agents. Here, we describe the use of engineered OPNA-degrading enzymes for the degradation of various toxic agents including insecticides, a series of OPNA surrogates, as well as real chemical warfare agents (cyclosarin, sarin, soman, tabun, VX, A230, A232, A234). We demonstrate that only two enzymes can degrade most of these molecules at high concentrations (25 mM) in less than 5 minutes. Using surface assays adapted from NATO AEP-65 guidelines, we further show that enzyme-based solutions can decontaminate 97.6% and 99.4% of 10 g∙m−² of soman- and VX-contaminated surfaces, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate that these enzymes can degrade ethyl-paraoxon down to sub-inhibitory concentrations of acetylcholinesterase, confirming their efficacy from high to micromolar doses.

Toxicity induced by chemical warfare agents: Insights on the protective role of melatonin

2013 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Pita ◽  
José Marco-Contelles ◽  
Eva Ramos ◽  
Javier del Pino ◽  
Alejandro Romero
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Warfare Agents

NEUROLOGICAL FEATURES IN CHILDREN AND DIPHENYLARSINIC ACID PROBABLY DERIVED FROM CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Iwasaki ◽  
S Miyamoto ◽  
K Ishii ◽  
T Takeda ◽  
T Ohto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Neurological Features
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