Lithium toxicity and the kidney with special focus on nephrotic syndrome associated with the acute kidney injury: A case‐based systematic analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Łukawska ◽  
Dorota Frankiewicz ◽  
Monika Izak ◽  
Aldona Woźniak ◽  
Grzegorz Dworacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Lithium Toxicity ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Case Based

scholarly journals The beneficial effects of plasma exchange for treatment of acute kidney injury in minimal change nephrotic syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Hideyo Oguchi ◽  
Marohito Murakami ◽  
Takashi Araki ◽  
Mariko Meguro ◽  
Akinori Hashiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Current Concepts of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury—Are We Ready to Translate Them into Everyday Practice?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3113
Author(s):  
Kinga Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Tubuloglomerular Feedback ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Functional Reserve ◽  
Renal Functional Reserve ◽  
Acute Kidney Disease ◽  
Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury

Pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children undergoing interventional procedures. The review summarizes current classifications of AKI and acute kidney disease (AKD), as well as systematizes the knowledge on pathophysiology of kidney injury, with a special focus on renal functional reserve and tubuloglomerular feedback. The aim of this review is also to show the state-of-the-art in methods assessing risk and prognosis by discussing the potential role of risk stratification strategies, taking into account both glomerular function and clinical settings conditioned by fluid overload, urine output, or drug nephrotoxicity. The last task is to suggest careful assessment of eGFR as a surrogate marker of renal functional reserve and implementation of point-of-care testing, available in the case of biomarkers like NGAL and [IGFBP-7] × [TIMP-2] product, into everyday practice in patients at risk of AKI due to planned invasive procedures or treatment.

Acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome associated with eltrombopag therapy in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e241462
Author(s):  
Suchi Anindita Ghosh ◽  
Jean Patrick ◽  
Kyaw Zin Maw
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Antibody Screen ◽  
Auto Antibody

A 77-year-old man was admitted with severe acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome. He was started on eltrombopag for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 6 weeks earlier. An ultrasound of the kidneys was normal and an auto-antibody screen was negative. The use of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship (score of 5) between the patient’s development of acute renal failure and eltrombopag therapy. Literature review identified only one other case of nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury associated with eltrombopag therapy in which a kidney biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Due to the challenges faced during the prevailing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and persistent low platelet counts a renal biopsy was not undertaken. On stopping eltrombopag, the patients renal function stabilised and he successfully went into remission following treatment with high dose corticosteroids and diuretics. This report of a serious case of reversible renal failure and nephrotic syndrome after treatment with eltrombopag may serve to inform clinicians about the possible severe renal adverse effects of eltrombopag before its commencement for future use.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Adults with Nephrotic Syndrome Due to Minimal Change Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3632
Author(s):  
Sophia Lionaki ◽  
Evangelos Mantios ◽  
Ioanna Tsoumbou ◽  
Smaragdi Marinaki ◽  
George Makris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Change Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage

Purpose: Minimal change disease (MCD) is considered a relatively benign glomerulopathy, as it rarely progresses to end-stage kidney disease. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of adults with MCD and identify potential risk factors for relapse. Patients & Methods: We retrospectively studied a cohort of adults with biopsy-proven MCD in terms of clinical features and treatment outcomes. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were recorded and predictors of relapse were analyzed using logistic regression multivariate analysis. Results: 59 patients with adult-onset primary MCD with nephrotic syndrome were included. Mean serum creatinine at diagnosis was 0.8 mg/dL (±2.5) and estimated GFR (eGFR) was 87 mL/min/1.73 m2 (±29.5). Mean serum albumin was 2.5 g/dL (±0.8) and 24 h proteinuria 6.8 g (±3.7). Microscopic hematuria was detected in 35 (58.5%) patients. 42 patients received prednisone alone, six patients received prednisone plus cyclophosphamide, five patients received prednisone plus cyclosporine, one patient received prednisone plus rituximab and five patients did not receive immunosuppression at all since they achieved spontaneous remission. During a mean follow up time of 34.7(22.1) months, 46.1% of patients experienced at least one episode of relapse. The mean age of patients who did not experience a relapse was significantly higher than that of patients who relapsed while relapsers had a significantly longer duration of 24 h proteinuria prior to biopsy compared to non-relapsers. Overall, 10% of patients experienced acute kidney injury while the mean eGFR at the end was 82 mL/min/1.73 m2 (±29.1) and one patient ended up in chronic dialysis. Overall, the proportion of non-relapsers, who experienced acute kidney injury (17%) was significantly higher than the one recorded among relapsers (0%).Conclusion: In this series of patients, almost 46% of adult-onset nephrotic MCD patients experienced a relapse, although their renal progression was rare. Younger onset age was an independent risk factor for relapse in adult-onset MCD patients.

Renal disease

2011 ◽  
pp. 631-656
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
Disease Stages

Introduction 632 Nutritional assessment 634 Malnutrition in renal disease 636 Nutritional considerations in chronic kidney disease 638 Nutrition in acute kidney injury 641 Nutrition in chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4 642 Nephrotic syndrome 644 Nutritional requirements in dialysis 646 Nutritional requirements in haemodialysis ...

Incidence and determinants of acute kidney injury in patients with nephrotic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Arvind Bagga ◽  
Sunil Kushwah ◽  
Menka Yadav ◽  
Pankaj Hari ◽  
Jitendra Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in an Elderly Patient Successfully Treated with both Fluid Management and Specific Therapy Based on Kidney Biopsy Findings

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Oyama ◽  
Yoichi Iwafuchi ◽  
Tetsuo Morioka ◽  
Ichiei Narita
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Biopsy ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Fluid Removal

Oliguric acute kidney injury (AKI) with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) has long been recognized. Several mechanisms such as hypovolemia due to hypoalbuminemia and the nephrosarca hypothesis have been proposed. However, the precise mechanism by which MCNS causes AKI has not been fully elucidated. Herein, we describe an elderly patient with AKI caused by MCNS who fully recovered after aggressive volume withdrawal by hemodialysis and administration of a glucocorticoid. A 75-year-old woman presented with diarrhea and oliguria, and laboratory examination revealed nephrotic syndrome (NS) and severe azotemia. Fluid administration had no effect on renal dysfunction, and hemodialysis was initiated. Her renal function improved upon aggressive fluid removal through hemodialysis. Renal pathological findings revealed minimal change disease with faint mesangial deposits of IgA. After administration of methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone, she achieved complete remission from NS. The clinical course of this case supports the nephrosarca hypothesis regarding the mechanism of AKI caused by MCNS. Furthermore, appropriate fluid management and kidney biopsy are also important in elderly patients with AKI caused by NS.

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