Parameters of reinforcement and response-class hierarchies

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracie A. Beavers ◽  
Brian A. Iwata ◽  
Meagan K. Gregory
1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Richman ◽  
David P. Wacker ◽  
Jennifer M. Asmus ◽  
Sean D. Casey ◽  
Marc Andelman

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Lieving ◽  
Louis P. Hagopian ◽  
Ethan S. Long ◽  
Julia O’Connor

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay W. Harding ◽  
David P. Wacker ◽  
Wendy K. Berg ◽  
Anjali Barretto ◽  
Lisa Winborn ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Shabani ◽  
James E. Carr ◽  
Anna Ingeborg Petursdottir

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Robertson ◽  
Scott Graves ◽  
Danielle Carapellotti ◽  
Alison Ryan ◽  
Amirah Beeks

Author(s):  
Pam Morris

Persuasion overtly foregrounds the self as embodied: physical accidents and sickness are recurrent. Sir Walter Eliot’s belief in the time-defying bodily grace of nobility is subject to Austen’s harshest irony. The transition from vertically ordered place to horizontal space in Persuasion is more extreme than in any other of the completed novels. Anne Elliot’s movement from social exclusiveness to socially inclusive possibility allows Austen to challenge gender and class hierarchies traditionally held to be inborn. Her writerly experimentation expands the possibilities of narrative perspective to encompass the porous boundaries of the physical, the emotional and the rational that constitute any moment of consciousness. Her focalisation techniques in the text look directly towards Woolf’s stylist innovations. A chain of references to guns and shooting gathers into the novel contentious contemporary discursive networks on class relations, notions of masculinity and the nature of creaturely life.


Author(s):  
Thais Cazati Faleiros ◽  
Maria Martha Costa Hübner

In the scope of studies that investigate the effects of manipulation in verbal antecedents upon the related non verbal behavior, the present study evaluated the effect of differential reinforcement of one response class (choice of phrases about positive aspects about reading, interpreted as tacts with positive qualifying autoclitics) upon other class (the choice of reading behavior), reinforcing choices of phrases about positive aspects of reading and observing its effects upon the emission of reading behavior. It were registered activities and photographs chosen before and after the training. During training, four phrases appeared in a computer screen and just the choice of one of them (related to reading) was reinforced with points. The results indicated an augment of the choices in reading behavior as well as in the time of reading for the majority of the participants and an augment of the choices of choosing photographs related to reading, when compared to the results of the baseline. The results are interpreted according to behavior verbally governed.


Author(s):  
Hannah Rosen

The rapid transformations brought on by the US Civil War and its aftermath touched women’s lives in contradictory ways. The disruption caused by war and the destruction of slavery opened up space, and at times created the necessity, for radically new roles for women that challenged antebellum gender norms and racial and class hierarchies. This essay examines the wartime and postwar experiences primarily of black and white but also Native American women. In this period, many women faced new circumstances that inspired them to confront power in novel ways—by, for instance, fleeing slavery, petitioning governors, organizing bread riots, participating in political parades, or protesting segregation. The chapter also explores political violence in the postwar period that affected women differently across class, race, and region and that eventually helped to shut down the radical potential of the era.


2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Steimann

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