How Youth and Adults With Negative Reading Histories Found a Way to Enjoy Reading

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-682
Author(s):  
Leigh A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Negative Reading

Clinical Performance of Infrared Consumer-Grade Thermometers

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Hamilton ◽  
Rajesh S. Kasbekar ◽  
Robert Monro
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Performance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Reading

Background and Purpose: Technology of ear infrared (IR) thermometers has improved. This study compared a modern ear thermometer to forehead or temporal artery thermometers. Methods: Temperatures were measured with a heated-tip ear thermometer, a temporal artery thermometer, 3 forehead thermometers, and a thermistor-based reference thermometer in monitor mode. Results: In 171 subjects, mean bias with the forehead thermometers was significantly higher (p< .001) than with the ear thermometer (0.01 °C ± 0.41 °C). In 64 febrile subjects, bias with the ear thermometer was significantly lower than with 3 of the other thermometers. A false-negative reading was less likely with the ear thermometer (8%) versus the others (55%, 56%, 28%, and 47%). Conclusions: Modern ear thermometry provides more precise measurements closer to those of a reference thermometer and is less likely to give false-negative readings than forehead or temporal artery measurements.

scholarly journals Countering Trump: Toward a Theory of Charismatic Counter-Roles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Joosse
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Symbolic Interactionist ◽  
Charismatic Leader ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Charismatic Authority ◽  
Negative Reading ◽  
Social Orders ◽  
Analytical Tools

This article conducts a negative reading of Weber’s ideal type of charismatic authority, seeking to anticipate and discern hidden social interactants that are implicated in his descriptions of charismatic social processes. In so doing, this article advances the “charismatic counter-role” as an umbrella term that captures the performative bearing of a variety of actors on processes of charismatic interaction. Specifically, in addition to devoted followers (already much discussed in the literature), this typology contains unworthy challengers (competitors who fall short when judged by the new terms of legitimacy that the charismatic leader creatively establishes); and colossal players (interlocutors that are appropriately “to scale” for highlighting the extraordinary missions to which the charismatic leader aspires). Together, these charismatic counter-roles interact in ways that comprise a charismatic social system that gives a better account than has heretofore been available for the unstoppable momentum of charismatic challenges. Using the “Trump phenomenon” of 2015–2016 as its empirical source, and employing analytical tools from symbolic interactionist and performative approaches to social theory, this article has implications for future studies of how charisma destabilizes traditional and/or rational-legal social orders.

scholarly journals Changes in Transcript, Metabolite, and Antibody Reactivity During the Early Protective Immune Response in Humans to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
January Weiner ◽  
Teresa Domaszewska ◽  
Simon Donkor ◽  
Stefan H E Kaufmann ◽  
Philip C Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Type I ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Vitamin B5 ◽  
Negative Reading

Abstract Background Strategies to prevent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are urgently required. In this study, we aimed to identify correlates of protection against Mtb infection. Methods Two groups of Mtb-exposed contacts of tuberculosis (TB) patients were recruited and classified according to their Mtb infection status using the tuberculin skin test (TST; cohort 1) or QuantiFERON (QFT; cohort 2). A negative reading at baseline with a positive reading at follow-up classified TST or QFT converters and a negative reading at both time points classified TST or QFT nonconverters. Ribonucleic acid sequencing, Mtb proteome arrays, and metabolic profiling were performed. Results Several genes were found to be differentially expressed at baseline between converters and nonconverters. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a distinct B-cell gene signature in TST nonconverters compared to converters. When infection status was defined by QFT, enrichment of type I interferon was observed. A remarkable area under the curve (AUC) of 1.0 was observed for IgA reactivity to Rv0134 and an AUC of 0.98 for IgA reactivity to both Rv0629c and Rv2188c. IgG reactivity to Rv3223c resulted in an AUC of 0.96 and was markedly higher compared to TST nonconverters. We also identified several differences in metabolite profiles, including changes in biomarkers of inflammation, fatty acid metabolism, and bile acids. Pantothenate (vitamin B5) was significantly increased in TST nonconverters compared to converters at baseline (q = 0.0060). Conclusions These data provide new insights into the early protective response to Mtb infection and possible avenues to interfere with Mtb infection, including vitamin B5 supplementation. Analysis of blood from highly exposed household contacts from The Gambia who never develop latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection shows distinct transcriptomic, antibody, and metabolomic profiles compared to those who develop latent tuberculosis infection but prior to any signs of infection.

scholarly journals Around Arendt’s table: Bureaucracy and the non-permanent members of the UN Security Council

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Isobel Roele
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Security Council ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Administrative Roles ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Negative Reading ◽  
The United Nations

AbstractNon-permanent members’ strategies to augment their influence in the United Nations Security Council usually seek parity of status with the permanent members. A more radical and transformative strategy would seek to change the Council itself. Working methods reform holds more potential in this respect than composition reform. At present, however, working methods reform is oriented to increasing non-permanent members’ status and focuses on redistributing administrative roles like sub-committee chairing and penholding. The price non-permanent members pay for their offices, however, is bureaucratic drudgery, which both keeps them from pursuing their own political priorities, and socializes them into the permanent members’ rhythms of work. Using Hannah Arendt’s concepts of work, labour, and natality, this contribution analyses strategies for influence in the Security Council, and offers a negative reading of Arendt’s ideas to suggest that non-permanent members should present a more obstructive counterforce in the Council, by cultivating their difference.

scholarly journals The estimation of carbohydrates. V. The supposed precipitation of reducing sugars by basic lead acetate

1916 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Rotatory Power ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Sugar Analysis ◽  
Negative Reading ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Of Error

Gill in 1871 first pointed out that when an excess of basic lead acetate is added to a solution of invert sugar the negative rotation of the latter is greatly reduced owing to the formation of a soluble lead compound of laevulose. If sufficient lead solution is added the negative rotation may become a positive one; thus in one experiment quoted by Gill a negative reading of – 28° was transformed into a positive value of + 57°. The change of rotation was not, however, permanent and on removing the lead or on acidifying the solution the original rotatory power was restored. The change of rotation was attributed to an effect of the lead on the laevulose only; a solution of dextrose was practically unaffected by the presence of basic lead acetate. Since Gill's paper the effect of basic lead acetate as a source of error in sugar analysis has been the subject of numerous papers especially by Pellet, Svoboda, Edson, Prinsen Geerligs, Watts and Tempany and Eynon.

‘Into the Future Tense’: Stewart Parker's Theatre of ‘Anticipatory Illumination’

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Richards
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Future Tense ◽  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Liberal Humanism ◽  
Negative Reading ◽  
Stewart Parker

Stewart Parker described his final play, Pentecost, as one appropriate to his own generation, ‘making its own scruffy way onto the stage of history, and from there to the future tense’. This article argues that it is this concern with entering ‘the future tense’ which allies his work with the writings of the messianic marxist, Ernst Bloch, and his belief in ‘anticipatory illumination’. Read in this way Parker's plays are liberated from the negative reading of them as informed by ‘sentimental piety’ and ‘a species of liberal humanism’ and sees them as creating what Bloch termed ‘concrete utopias’ which ‘imply a real future’. In his John Malone memorial lecture of 1986 Parker asked ‘should plays aim to instruct?’. His answer to this question, which informs all his work, was an uncompromising ‘Yes’. His work, like that of Brecht with whom he shared a belief in theatre as an ‘entertaining’ means of social transformation, merits serious consideration for producing what Stephen Rea termed ‘a vision of a harmonious possibility on the other side of violence’. In Bloch's view ‘A map of the world that does not include Utopia is not even worth glancing at’. Parker's drama provided - and provides - just such maps by which the future can not simply be dreamed, but realised.

Surrender: A Moral Imperative

1986 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Yoder
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Just War ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
Political Decision Maker ◽  
Negative Reading ◽  
Just War Tradition ◽  
Military Enterprise ◽  
Negative Conclusion

The integrity with which a thinker, a political decision-maker, or a society can claim to hold to the just war tradition depends upon the readiness to draw and to implement the consistent negative conclusion, when the honest application of the classical “just war” criteria renders a negative reading on the justifiability of a given (or contemplated) military enterprise. The most qualified just war thinkers stated this conclusion firmly in the 1950's, but others have not pursued the theme with equal consistency.

THE AESCHYLEAN STING IN WASPS’ TALE: ARISTOPHANES’ ENGAGEMENT WITH THE ORESTEIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rosie Wyles
Keyword(s):  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Negative Reading ◽  
Ideological Stance ◽  
Dramatic Action ◽  
Law Courts ◽  
The Impact

The sting to Aristophanes’ ‘little tale’ in Wasps (λογίδιον, Vesp. 64) materializes from the comedy's interplay with the Oresteia. This article argues that Aristophanes alludes to both Agamemnon and Eumenides in the scenes running up to (and including) the trial scene, and that he exploits this intertext in the cloak scene (Vesp. 1122–264). While isolated allusions to the Oresteia have been identified in Wasps, a systematic consideration of these references has not been undertaken: a surprising absence in discussions of the ongoing competition between the comic and the tragic genres permeating Wasps’ dramatic action. Moreover, Aristophanes’ engagement with the Oresteia offers a special type of tragic intertext, in which the first and the last plays of a connected trilogy are referenced simultaneously, provocatively destabilizing the original. Furthermore, this allusion has implications for our understanding of a scene which recent scholarship has established as pivotal within the comedy, namely the cloak scene. The first part of this article, therefore, establishes the extent of Wasps’ engagement with the Oresteia and considers the significance of the ‘pastiche’ formed through the combined intertextual references to Agamemnon and to Eumenides. The second part explores the impact of this intertext on the interpretation of the cloak scene, revealing that its use of costume can be understood as a criticism of Aeschylus’ dramaturgy, inviting a negative reading of Bdelycleon's ideological stance and reinforcing the play's pessimistic view of the Athenian law courts.

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