scholarly journals Evaluating the use of the branched-chain amino acids in combination with urea on creeping bentgrass at establishment

itsrj ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Mertz ◽  
Adam Thoms ◽  
Nick Christians
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Utilizing Branched-chain Amino Acids for Increasing Shoot Density and Establishment Rate in Creeping Bentgrass

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Isaac T. Mertz ◽  
Nick E. Christians ◽  
Adam W. Thoms
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Shoot Density ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Acid Product ◽  
Green Cover ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Establishment Rate

The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine (L), isoleucine (IL), and valine (V) are synthesized in plants and are essential to growth in most organisms. These compounds can be absorbed by the plant when foliarly applied, but plant catabolism of BCAA is not completely understood. A recent study observed that BCAA applied in a 2:1:1 or 4:1:1 ratio (L:IL:V) increased creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) shoot density compared with applications of equal urea nitrogen (N) at 3.03 lb/acre N. The present study investigated whether those increases could translate to a quicker establishment rate of creeping bentgrass grown from seed in standard greenhouse pots. The BCAA applications were compared with equal N applications using urea and a commercially available amino acid product. All N treatments were applied at 3.03 lb/acre N, per application and applied a total of four times on a 14-day interval starting 14 days after seeding. Measurements included final shoot density counts and root and shoot weights, as well as digital image analysis of percent green cover for each greenhouse pot every 7 days. No differences were observed after 70 days in shoot weight, or percent green cover between BCAA treatments and urea; however, BCAA 2:1:1 and 4:1:1 increased shoot density 21% and 30%, respectively, compared with urea, and were equal to the commercially available amino acid product. Applications of BCAA 4:1:1 also increased creeping bentgrass rooting weight by a factor of 7 compared with urea N.

scholarly journals Branched-chain Amino Acids for Use as a Nitrogen Source on Creeping Bentgrass

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac T. Mertz ◽  
Nick E. Christians ◽  
Adam W. Thoms
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Shoot Density ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Branched Chain

Amino acids have been reported to improve turfgrass growth compared with mineral nutrition; however, amino acid catabolism in plants has not been well studied. A number of turfgrass fertilizers contain amino acids; however, some amino acids may be more effective additives in fertilizers than others. Three amino acids that could be effective nitrogen sources for plant growth are the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). The BCAA leucine (L), isoleucine (IL), and valine (V) could be effective additives because they are nonpolar and hydrophobic, which can promote plant uptake of these compounds. Although the effect of exogenously applied BCAA on plant growth is not well known, BCAAs have been reported to increase protein synthesis in humans, and that rate of increase is related to the intake ratio of L to IL and V. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of L, IL, and V as a nitrogen sources on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and to investigate the effect of BCAAs on plant growth when all three are applied as a combination. Using specially made rooting tubes, L, IL, and V were applied in a complete factorial and compared with equal urea nitrogen at four rates, as well as an untreated control. Where all three BCAAs were applied in combination, the application ratios of 2:1:1 and 4:1:1 (L:IL:V) were tested. At 63 days after seeding, there were no differences in root length, root weight, or shoot weight; however, BCAA 2:1:1 and 4:1:1 increased creeping bentgrass shoot density by 24% and 32%, respectively, compared with equal urea nitrogen. Where shoot density was increased, nitrogen application rate had no effect. On the basis of these results, BCAAs applied in a complete combination using ratios of 2:1:1 or 4:1:1 (3.03 lb/acre N) will provide a greater creeping bentgrass shoot density compared with equal urea nitrogen.

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

Branched chain amino acids decrease top-down event-related potentials in healthy subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Neuhaus ◽  
TE Goldberg ◽  
Y Hassoun ◽  
JA Bates ◽  
KW Nassauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Branched Chain

Isoleucine Plays an Important Role for Maintaining Immune Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 644-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsong Gu ◽  
Xiangbing Mao ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
The Relationship

Branched chain amino acids are the essential nutrients for humans and many animals. As functional amino acids, they play important roles in physiological functions, including immune functions. Isoleucine, as one of the branched chain amino acids, is also critical in physiological functions of the whole body, such as growth, immunity, protein metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and glucose transportation. Isoleucine can improve the immune system, including immune organs, cells and reactive substances. Recent studies have also shown that isoleucine may induce the expression of host defense peptides (i.e., β-defensins) that can regulate host innate and adaptive immunity. In addition, isoleucine administration can restore the effect of some pathogens on the health of humans and animals via increasing the expression of β-defensins. Therefore, the present review will emphatically discuss the effect of isoleucine on immunity while summarizing the relationship between branched chain amino acids and immune functions.

Branched chain amino acids improve mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, reducing nuclear factor kappa B expression and modulating some inflammatory properties

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 110935
Author(s):  
Talita Sartori ◽  
Andressa Cristina Antunes Santos ◽  
Renaira Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Gabriela Kodja ◽  
Marcelo Macedo Rogero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa ◽  
Branched Chain
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