Using National Educational Longitudinal Study Data to Examine the Transition to College

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 (107) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Lutz Berkner
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Transition To College ◽  
National Educational Longitudinal Study

Functional Status and Disability in Patients After Acute Stroke: A Longitudinal Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel López-Espuela ◽  
Juan Diego Pedrera-Zamorano ◽  
Pedro Enrique Jiménez-Caballero ◽  
José María Ramírez-Moreno ◽  
Juan Carlos Portilla-Cuenca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Baseline Status

Background Stroke is a major public health problem. Objective To use the Barthel Index to evaluate basic activities of daily living in stroke survivors and detect any predictors of functional outcome at 6 months after stroke. Methods In an observational longitudinal study, data were gathered on consecutive patients admitted to the comprehensive stroke unit at Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Cáceres, Spain. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained prospectively at hospital admission and during follow-up 6 months later. Information on type of stroke, score on the Barthel Index, findings from the neurological evaluation, and other relevant data were collected. Results Of 236 patients admitted, 175 participated in the study. Mean age was 69.60 (SD, 12.52) years, 64.6% were men, and mortality was 12.8%. Six months after experiencing a stroke, 84.8% of patients had returned to their own homes, 8.0% were institutionalized, and the others were residing at a family member’s home. Scores on the Barthel Index 6 months after stroke correlated with baseline scores on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (r = −0.424; P < .001) and with depressive mood 6 months after stroke (r = −0.318; P < .001). Age was negatively associated with Barthel Index scores at the time of hospital discharge and 6 months after stroke. Conclusions Functional status 6 months after stroke was influenced by age, sex, stroke severity, type of stroke, baseline status, mood, and social risk. Comorbid conditions, socioeconomic level, and area of residence did not affect patients’ functional status.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Reversion to Normal Cognition and Progression to Dementia in Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-310
Author(s):  
Sujin Eom ◽  
Ju-Young Ha
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Normal Cognition

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting reversion to normal cognition and progression to dementia from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) after 2 years.Methods: We analyzed data from the 6th and 7th “Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA)”. A total of 773 participants aged 65 years and above classified as having MCI according to the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination in the 6th survey were included in the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software using x2 test, t-test, Mann-Whitney test and logistic regression analysis.Results: Of all the participants, 30.5% reverted to normal cognition, 48.5% remained with MCI, and 21.0% progressed to dementia. Factors such as young age (odds ratio [OR]=0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94~0.99), the absence of diabetes (OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.01~2.19), and frequent neighbor networks “at least once or twice a month” (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.26~4.37), and “at least once a week” (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.03~2.56) compared to “never or less than 6 times a year” significantly associated with reversion to normal cognition. Meanwhile, factors such as old age (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05~1.12), low level of perceived socioeconomic status (reference. above middle) (OR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.05~2.41), low levels of instrumental activities of daily living (OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.05~1.32), and a small number of social activities (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.51~0.96) significantly associated with dementia progression.Conclusion: The study indicates the necessity of follow-up research for developing interventions that could aid individuals in reverting to normal cognitive function by managing diabetes or encouraging interaction with neighbors and preventing the progression to dementia by improving Instrumental Activities of Daily Living levels or encouraging participation in social activities.

scholarly journals Organized Activity Involvement Across the Transition to College

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Arola Anderson ◽  
Brynn Huguenel ◽  
Amy Bohnert ◽  
Colleen Conley
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
College Adjustment ◽  
Transition To College ◽  
Residential Status ◽  
Activity Involvement ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
High School To College

This longitudinal study examined multiple dimensions of organized activity involvement during the first semester of college – including intensity, breadth, and continuity– and their relation to college adjustment. Results indicated that organized activity intensity during the first semester was positively associated with optimism, and organized activity continuity discrepancy from high school to college was positively associated with positive affect. Additionally, residential status moderated the relation between organized activity continuity discrepancy and optimism, as well as the relation between organized activity intensity and positive affect. Gender also moderated the relation between organized activity breadth and positive affect.

Cannabis dependence and psychotic symptoms in young people

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. FERGUSSON ◽  
L. J. HORWOOD ◽  
N. R. SWAIN-CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Cannabis Dependence ◽  
Health And Development

Background. The aims of this research were to use data gathered over the course of a 21 year longitudinal study to examine the linkages between cannabis dependence at ages 18 and 21 and rates of psychotic symptoms taking into account previous symptom levels and other confounding factors.Method. Data were gathered during the course of the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS). The CHDS is a longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 1265 children who have been studied from birth to age 21. As part of this study, data were gathered on cannabis dependence and psychotic symptoms at ages 18 and 21.Results. Young people meeting DSM-IV criteria for cannabis dependence had elevated rates of psychotic symptoms at ages 18 (rate ratio = 3.7; 95% CI 2.8–5.0; P<0.0001) and 21 (rate ratio = 2.3; 95% CI 1.7–3.2; P<0.0001). These associations were adjusted for previous psychotic symptoms and a range of other confounding factors using a generalized estimating equation model. This analysis showed that after adjustment for confounding factors, those meeting criteria for cannabis dependence still had an increased rate of psychotic symptoms (rate ratio = 1.8; 95% CI 1.2–2.6; P<0.005).Conclusions. The results show that the development of cannabis dependence is associated with increased rates of psychotic symptoms in young people even when pre-existing symptoms and other background factors are taken into account.

Neuroticism in adolescence and psychotic symptoms in adulthood

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1089-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. GOODWIN ◽  
D. M. FERGUSSON ◽  
L. J. HORWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Statistical Adjustment ◽  
Low Levels

Background. The aims of this research were to examine the associations between the personality trait of neuroticism in adolescence and later psychotic symptoms, taking into account potential confounding factors.Method. Data were gathered over the course of a longitudinal study of a birth cohort of New Zealand born young people (N=1265). Over the course of the study, data were gathered on: (a) neuroticism at age 14; (b) psychotic symptoms predominantly subclinical, assessed on the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90), at ages 18 and 21; (c) a range of potential confounding factors including measures of childhood adversity and co-morbid mental disorders.Results. Young people in the highest quartile of neuroticism at age 14 had rates of psychotic symptoms that were two to three times higher than those in the lowest quartile. After statistical adjustment for confounding factors, including childhood adversity and co-morbid mental disorders, the association between neuroticism and later psychotic symptoms reduced but remained statistically significant (P<0·05). After adjustment for confounding, young people with high levels of neuroticism had rates of psychotic symptoms that were between 1·5 to 1·8 times higher than those with low levels of neuroticism.Conclusions. Early neuroticism may be a precursor to the onset of psychotic symptoms. The mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, but may relate to overlapping features between prodromal phases of psychosis and items that measure neuroticism.

Anticipated and Experienced Ethnic/Racial Discrimination and Sleep: A Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1724-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amie M. Gordon ◽  
Aric A. Prather ◽  
Tessa Dover ◽  
Kathy Espino-Pérez ◽  
Payton Small ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Low Income ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Transition To College ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Stressful Experience

The transition to college is a stressful experience. For members of underrepresented minority groups, the usual stresses are frequently accompanied by ethnicity-based stressors, including discrimination. This longitudinal study extends prior work on discrimination by examining the prospective associations between anticipated and experienced ethnic/racial discrimination and sleep, a ubiquitous and basic biological need critical for optimal functioning. In a sample of 274 low-income/first-generation Latinx students, results from a cross-lagged panel model revealed that both the anticipation and experience of discrimination at the beginning of college uniquely predicted worsening sleep quality over the second half of freshmen year, controlling for relevant covariates. There was also some evidence for bidirectionality, with poor sleepers experiencing more discrimination. These findings add to the literature linking discrimination and sleep, both of which play large roles in mental, physical, social, and academic outcomes.

Do Teachers' Race, Gender, and Ethnicity Matter? Evidence from the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988

ILR Review ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Ehrenberg ◽  
Daniel D. Goldhaber ◽  
Dominic J. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
White Male ◽  
Female Students ◽  
White Female ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
National Educational Longitudinal Study ◽  
Using Data ◽  
White Female Teachers ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Using data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS), the authors find that the match between teachers' race, gender, and ethnicity and those of their students had little association with how much the students learned, but in several instances it seems to have been a significant determinant of teachers' subjective evaluations of their students. For example, test scores of white female students in mathematics and science did not increase more rapidly when the teacher was a white woman than when the teacher was a white man, but white female teachers evaluated their white female students more highly than did white male teachers.

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