scholarly journals Family risk and early attachment development: The differential role of parental sensitivity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gerlach ◽  
Judith M. Fößel ◽  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Alexandra Sann ◽  
Andreas Eickhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Risk ◽  
Parental Sensitivity ◽  
Early Attachment ◽  
Attachment Development

Bindung von Kindern in familienrechtlichen Fragestellungen bei Gericht: Erkenntnisse und Missverständnisse

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zimmermann ◽  
Gottfried Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Security ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Attachment Development ◽  
Attachment To Mother ◽  
Quality Of Contact ◽  
Father Attachment

Psychological judicial expert reports for family law cases can include errors in the assessment of children’s attachments, their origins, their consequences, and the subsequent recommendation for the court. The article specifies potential sources of such errors and reviews several topics that are relevant for the evaluation and use of attachment assessments in psychological family law expert reports. These topics include attachment to mother and father, attachment hierarchy, the role of quantity and quality of contact to caregivers for attachment development and the use of results from attachment research on developmental consequences of attachment security and insecurity for psychological family law expert reports.

scholarly journals Another way of thinking about ADHD: the predictive role of early attachment deprivation in adolescents’ level of symptoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Roskam ◽  
M. Stievenart ◽  
R. Tessier ◽  
A. Muntean ◽  
M. J. Escobar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Attachment ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Way Of Thinking

Couples’ Empathy as a Predictor of Sensitive Responsiveness towards Infant Crying - Mediational Role of Oxytocin and Vasopressin levels (the HEART study): an experimental study protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kaźmierczak ◽  
Paulina Pawlicka ◽  
Paulina Anikiej ◽  
Ariadna B Łada ◽  
Bogumiła Kiełbratowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Infant Cry ◽  
Parental Sensitivity ◽  
Parental Responsiveness ◽  
Infant Crying ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Mediational Role

UNSTRUCTURED Background: Sensitive responsiveness refers to parents’ ability to recognize and respond to infants’ cues and is one of the central aspects of early parenting. Sensitivity to infant cry supports child’s survival and is the most apparent early attachment behavior. Sensitive responsiveness to child’s needs has been linked to parental empathy. Additionally, oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) are hormones important for sensitivity and empathy. Research on parental responsiveness indicates focus on mothers, and studies on parents-to-be are lacking. The aim of the HEART study is to test the direct and indirect (through OT and AVP levels) links between dispositional empathy and responsiveness to a life-like doll crying in couples and to verify whether these factors are predictors of responsiveness to own ’child’s cues. Exploratory analyses include predictors of sensitive responsiveness: polymorphisms of OXTR, AVPR1a and CD38 genes, personal characteristics (attachment style, temperament) and relational factors (perception of partners and own parents). Methods: The HEART project employs standardized experimental settings that can be used with nonparents and – the assessment of parental sensitive responsiveness towards their child. The participants are couples becoming parents for the first time (111) and childless couples (110) in Poland. The procedure involves the caretaking of a life-like doll (three 10-min episodes: each partner individually and a couple), which cries as programmed during the interaction. Salivary samples and questionnaire data are collected in a planned manner. In the second part of the project’, the expectant couples are invited for the assessment of the parental sensitivity to own child (free play episodes with each parent). Parental sensitivity is assessed using the observational Ainsworth Sensitivity Scale. Discussion: This paper presents an interdisciplinary research project that analyses the roots of the role of empathy in displaying parental sensitive responsiveness. HEART methodologically reaches beyond the questionnaire measurement, controls many factors influencing the dynamics of adult-infant interaction and focuses on the crying signal. By examining parental sensitive responsiveness of expectant couples towards their own ’child’s cues we uniquely explore the validity of the experimental design with a life-like doll. Trial registration: osf.io/ Identifier: osf.io/z5682.

scholarly journals When does speech sound disorder matter for literacy? The role of disordered speech errors, co-occurring language impairment and family risk of dyslexia

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna E. Hayiou-Thomas ◽  
Julia M. Carroll ◽  
Ruth Leavett ◽  
Charles Hulme ◽  
Margaret J. Snowling
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Errors ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Disordered Speech

scholarly journals Effects of family risk on early attachment security: Gender-specific susceptibility and mediation by parenting behavior

2022 ◽  
pp. 251610322110654
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gerlach ◽  
Judith M. Fößel ◽  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Alexandra Sann ◽  
Andreas Eickhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Parenting Behavior ◽  
Family Risk Factors ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Early Attachment ◽  
Risk Environments

Growing up in high-risk environments is detrimental to children’s development of attachment security. Parenting behavior is hypothesized to be the mechanism through which risks exert their influence. However, risk influences can vary between individuals by gender. Aim of this study was to explore specific pathways of family risk on early attachment security and additionally examine the transmission via parenting behavior. The sample consisted of 197 children and their primary caregivers. Children’s age ranged between 10 and 21 months ( M = 15.25, SD = 3.59). Data assessment included 21 distal and proximal family risk factors, children’s attachment security, and parental responsivity and supportive presence. Whereas distal risk factors had an adverse effect only on girls’ attachment security, proximal risks negatively affected only boys’ attachment security. Additionally, patterns of risk factors occurring in our sample were analyzed using an exploratory principal component analysis. Regardless of the child’s gender, a low socio- economic status was negatively related to attachment security of all children. Migration and crowding and a high emotional load of the primary caregiver both negatively predicted girls’ but not boys’ attachment security. However, the attachment security of boys was affected by a negative family climate. Most of the adverse risk effects on attachment security were mediated by parental responsivity and supportive presence so that the transmission of risk occurs through parenting behavior. Results revealed a different susceptibility of family risks for girls and boys. The consideration of a gender-sensitive approach in developmental psychopathology and interventions of developmental child welfare services is recommended.

scholarly journals Pathways Into Literacy: The Role of Early Oral Language Abilities and Family Risk for Dyslexia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sietske van Viersen ◽  
Elise H. de Bree ◽  
Marjolein Zee ◽  
Ben Maassen ◽  
Aryan van der Leij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Word Decoding ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Preliteracy Skills ◽  
Language Measures

The present study investigated the role of early oral language and family risk for dyslexia in the two developmental pathways toward reading comprehension, through word reading and through oral language abilities. The sample contained 237 children (164 at family risk for dyslexia) from the Dutch Dyslexia Program. Longitudinal data were obtained on seven occasions when children were between 4 and 12 years old. The relationship between early oral language ability and reading comprehension at the age of 12 years was mediated by preliteracy skills and word-decoding ability for the first pathway and by later language abilities for the second pathway. Family risk influenced literacy development through its subsequent relations with preliteracy skills, word decoding, and reading comprehension. Although performance on language measures was often lower for the family-risk group than for the no-family-risk group, family risk did not have a specific relation with either early or later oral language abilities.

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