scholarly journals Definitive evidence for Club cells as progenitors for mutant Kras/Trp53 ‐deficient lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Rosigkeit ◽  
Marie Kruchem ◽  
Dorothe Thies ◽  
Andreas Kreft ◽  
Emma Eichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Club Cells

Sputum Cytologic Diagnosis of Upper Respiratory Tract Cancer Second Report

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bryan Neel ◽  
David R. Sanderson ◽  
William F. Taylor ◽  
Robert S. Fontana ◽  
Lewis B. Woolner
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Sputum Cytology ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Definitive Evidence

Screening for cancer is a popular issue for debate because few, if any, evaluations of the screening process have been conducted on a long-term prospective basis with use of concomitant, unscreened controls. We have found that screening of high-risk persons for presymptomatic lung cancer will identify patients with cancer in the upper and lower respiratory passages. Randomly selected patients enrolled in the Mayo Lung Project have undergone sputum cytologic and chest roentgenographic screening at four-month intervals and were compared with randomly selected matched control subjects who were not intensively screened. The search for upper airway tumors in the head and neck region was instigated by abnormal findings on sputum cytology in 12 screened patients. In the same period, 12 other screened patients with abnormal results of sputum cytology were found to have roentgenographically “occult” lung cancer. This finding emphasizes the importance of the otorhinolaryngologic examination in screening programs for airway cancer. It is also important to emphasize that sputum-negative patients may have obvious, symptomatic tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract that can be easily diagnosed by those who are skilled in examining this area. Contrary to our expectation, there is no definitive evidence that screening has reduced mortality from either upper or lower airway cancer.

scholarly journals The oncogenicity of tumor-derived mutant p53 is enhanced by the recruitment of PLK3

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Vaughan ◽  
Shilpa Singh ◽  
Mark A. Subler ◽  
Jolene J. Windle ◽  
Kazushi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Mutant P53 ◽  
Transactivation Domain ◽  
P53 Mutations ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Transactivation Activity ◽  
Club Cells

Abstractp53 mutations with single amino acid changes in cancer often lead to dominant oncogenic changes. Here, we have developed a mouse model of gain-of-function (GOF) p53-driven lung cancer utilizing conditionally active LSL p53-R172H and LSL K-Ras-G12D knock-in alleles that can be activated by Cre in lung club cells. Mutation of the p53 transactivation domain (TAD) (p53-L25Q/W26S/R172H) eliminating significant transactivation activity resulted in loss of tumorigenicity, demonstrating that transactivation mediated by or dependent on TAD is required for oncogenicity by GOF p53. GOF p53 TAD mutations significantly reduce phosphorylation of nearby p53 serine 20 (S20), which is a target for PLK3 phosphorylation. Knocking out PLK3 attenuated S20 phosphorylation along with transactivation and oncogenicity by GOF p53, indicating that GOF p53 exploits PLK3 to trigger its transactivation capability and exert oncogenic functions. Our data show a mechanistic involvement of PLK3 in mutant p53 pathway of oncogenesis.

The question of irradiation therapy in lung cancer

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Krant
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Irradiation Therapy

Activation of cytochrome c to a peroxidase compound I-type intermediate by H2O2: relevance to redox signalling in apoptosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Burkitt ◽  
Clare Jones ◽  
Andrew Lawrence ◽  
Peter Wardman
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Tyrosyl Radical ◽  
Compound I ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Physico Chemical

The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis results in the enhanced production of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 by Mn-superoxide dismutase. We have been concerned with the role of cytochrome c/H2O2 in the induction of oxidative stress during apoptosis. Our initial studies showed that cytochrome c is a potent catalyst of 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation, thereby explaining the increased rate of production of the fluorophore 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein in apoptotic cells. Although it has been speculated that the oxidizing species may be a ferryl-haem intermediate, no definitive evidence for the formation of such a species has been reported. Alternatively, it is possible that the hydroxyl radical may be generated, as seen in the reaction of certain iron chelates with H2O2. By examining the effects of radical scavengers on 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation by cytochrome c/H2O2, together with complementary EPR studies, we have demonstrated that the hydroxyl radical is not generated. Our findings point, instead, to the formation of a peroxidase compound I species, with one oxidizing equivalent present as an oxo-ferryl haem intermediate and the other as the tyrosyl radical identified by Barr and colleagues [Barr, Gunther, Deterding, Tomer and Mason (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 15498-15503]. Studies with spin traps indicated that the oxo-ferryl haem is the active oxidant. These findings provide a physico-chemical basis for the redox changes that occur during apoptosis. Excessive changes (possibly catalysed by cytochrome c) may have implications for the redox regulation of cell death, including the sensitivity of tumour cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Pippa Hales ◽  
Corinne Mossey-Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vocal Cord Palsy ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Physiological Reserve ◽  
Palliative Phase ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

Use of Tumor Markers in Lung Cancer

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Strauss ◽  
Arthur T. Skarin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document