scholarly journals Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaoula El Kinany ◽  
Inge Huybrechts ◽  
Ellen Kampman ◽  
Hanae Abir Boudouaya ◽  
Zineb Hatime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
American Institute ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Recommendations ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and the Risk of Breast Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Turati ◽  
Michela Dalmartello ◽  
Francesca Bravi ◽  
Diego Serraino ◽  
Livia Augustin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
American Institute ◽  
The World ◽  
Control Study

The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) introduced in 2007, and updated in 2018, nutrition-related recommendations for cancer prevention. Previous studies generally reported inverse associations of breast cancer with the 2007 recommendations, while no study has yet evaluated the association with the 2018 guidelines. We investigated the association between adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations and breast cancer risk in a case–control study from Italy and Switzerland (1991–2008) including 3034 incident histologically-confirmed breast cancer cases and 3392 hospital controls. Adherence to the 2018 guidelines was summarized through a score incorporating eight recommendations (body fatness, physical activity, consumption of wholegrains/vegetables/fruit/beans, “fast foods” and other processed foods high in fat, starches, or sugars, red/processed meat, sugar-sweetened drinks, alcohol, breastfeeding), with higher scores indicating higher adherence. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. We also conducted a meta-analysis including 15 additional studies using random-effects models. In our case–control study, adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines was inversely associated with breast cancer, with ORs of 0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.51–0.70) for a score ≥5.5 vs. ≤4.25, and of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79–0.88) for a 1-point increment. In our study, 25% of breast cancers were attributable to low-to-moderate guideline adherence. In the meta-analysis, the pooled relative risks (RRs) were 0.73 (95% CI, 0.65–0.82, p heterogeneity among studies < 0.001) for the highest vs. the lowest WCRF/AICR score category, and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94, p heterogeneity < 0.001) for a 1-point increment. This work provides quantitative evidence that higher adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations reduces the risk of breast cancer, thus opening perspectives for prevention.

scholarly journals Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Morocco: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 194s-194s
Author(s):  
K. El Kinany ◽  
I. Huybrechts ◽  
E. Kampman ◽  
H.A. Boudouaya ◽  
Z. Hatime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
American Institute ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
The World ◽  
Control Study

Background: Currently, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality were rising in African countries; these rates are alarming and should be considered to make prevention policies. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) released 8 recommendations on body fatness, physical activity and diet to prevent against cancer development. Aim: The current study was designed to evaluate the association between the WCRF/AICR recommendations and the risk of CRC in a case-control study among Moroccan adults. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 5 Moroccan hospital centers, including 1516 cases and 1516 controls. The study was matched on sex, age (± 5 years) and center. The habitual diet was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations was evaluated through a score that incorporates 6 components (body fatness, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods, alcoholic drinks). Each related component recommendation was rated using a score of 2 levels: (1) when the recommendation was met; (0.5) when the recommendation was partially met; (0) when the recommendation was not met. The overall WCRF/AICR score ranged from 0 (no adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines) to 6 (high adherence). To categorize this score, we calculated the tertile cut-offs of controls (reference population) for both sexes (men and women separately) that we applied on the whole population. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate ORadjusted and its 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, residence, education level, monthly income, family history of CRC, smoking status, BMI, physical activity, total energy intake, and alcohol intake unless the variable was part of recommendation under evaluation. Results: CRC risk was significantly reduced with increasing adherence to each WCRF/AICR recommendation: for body fatness (ORa = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.36-0.63), physical activity (ORa = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.24-0.45), sugary drinks (ORa = 0.58, 95% CI, 0.42-0.80), plant foods (ORa = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.12-0.29) and animal foods (ORa = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.36-0.62). Also a significant inverse association was observed for the highest category of adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines for CRC risk (ORa = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.23-0.37) compared with the lowest category. Conclusion: The WCRF/AICR index including a combination of 6 components showed strong protective associations for CRC risk in Morocco. These results confirm the importance of promoting the WCRF guidelines among the Moroccan population to prevent CRC incidence.

Dietary inflammatory index and risk of multiple sclerosis: Findings from a large population-based incident case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 3402-3407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abdollahpour ◽  
Dejan Jakimovski ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hébert ◽  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Incident Case ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Control Study

Critical appraisal of a large population-based case–control study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Elwood
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Response Consistency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

This chapter shows a large population-based case-control study, to address the quantitative relationship between alcohol consumption and breast cancer. It shows the logistic and design issues, and the assessment of dose-response, consistency and specificity. The critical assessment follows the scheme set out in chapter 10: describing the study, assessing the non-causal explanations of observation bias, confounding, and chance variation; assessing time relationships, strength, dose-response, consistency and specificity, and applying the results to the eligible, source, and target populations; and then comparing the results with evidence from other studies, considering consistency and specificity, biological mechanisms, and coherence with the distribution of exposures and outcomes. The chapter gives a summary and table of the critical assessment and its conclusions; and comments on the impact of the study and research carried out since.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of breast cancer: results of a large population-based case–control study in Mexican women

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1149-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Fedirko ◽  
Gabriela Torres-Mejía ◽  
Carolina Ortega-Olvera ◽  
Carine Biessy ◽  
Angelica Angeles-Llerenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Control Study

Diabetes Mellitus Increases the Risk of Barrettʼs Esophagus: Results from a Large Population Based Case Control Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. S15-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad Iyer ◽  
Herbert Heien ◽  
Bijan Borah ◽  
Gregory Cooper ◽  
Ananya Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations and head and neck cancers risk

Oral Oncology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Bravi ◽  
Jerry Polesel ◽  
Werner Garavello ◽  
Diego Serraino ◽  
Eva Negri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
American Institute ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Recommendations
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