scholarly journals Characterization of functional domains in the Merkel cell polyoma virus Large T antigen

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. E290-E300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Houben ◽  
Sabrina Angermeyer ◽  
Sebastian Haferkamp ◽  
Annemarie Aue ◽  
Matthias Goebeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Antigen ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Functional Domains ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Large T Antigen ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus

Transformation of hamster embryo cells by chymotrypsin-treated and untreated polyoma virus: characterization of transformants

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Vera Chlumecky ◽  
Donald C. Stranks ◽  
John S. Colter
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Large T Antigen ◽  
T Antigens ◽  
Hamster Embryo Cells ◽  
Embryo Cells

The ability of chymotrypsin-treated (chymo+) and untreated (chymo−) polyoma virus to transform cultured hamster embryo fibroblasts was examined. The data show that exposure to this protease reduces the ability of the virus to transform non-permissive cells to essentially the same extent as it reduces its ability to replicate in permissive cells. Twenty-five lines of transformed cells were established from colonies growing in soft agar, and after 20 in vitro passages, cells of all lines were characterized with respect to their ability to form colonies in soft agar and their tumorigenicity in hamsters. While the studies showed that there are striking differences among the lines with respect to colony-forming ability, and real, though less striking differences in tumorigenicity, they failed to reveal any obvious differences between the groups of cell lines transformed by chymo− and chymo+ polyoma virus. Of 13 lines examined, all were found to express both middle and small polyoma T antigens, none express significant levels of large T antigen, and 11 express some form of what is probably a truncated large T antigen, the most common species having a molecular weight of 67 000.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of Merkel cell polyoma virus in the anophthalmic conjunctiva

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Siegal ◽  
Michal Gutowski ◽  
Lakshmi Akileswaran ◽  
Norman J. Beauchamp ◽  
Lien-Chieh Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
16S Rdna Pcr ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus ◽  
Fellow Eyes

AbstractThe human ocular surface hosts a paucibacterial resident microbiome and virome. The factors contributing to homeostasis of this mucosal community are presently unknown. To determine the impact of ocular enucleation and prosthesis placement on the ocular surface microbiome, we sampled conjunctival swabs from 20 anophthalmic and 20 fellow-eye intact conjunctiva. DNA was extracted and subjected to quantitative 16S rDNA PCR, biome representational karyotyping (BRiSK), and quantitative PCR (qPCR) confirmation of specific organisms. 16S ribosomal qPCR revealed equivalent bacterial loads between conditions. Biome representational in silico karyotyping (BRiSK) demonstrated comparable bacterial fauna between anophthalmic and intact conjunctiva. Both torque teno virus and Merkel cell polyoma virus (MCPyV) were detected frequently in healthy and anophthalmic conjunctiva. By qPCR, MCPyV was detected in 19/20 anophthalmic samples compared with 5/20 fellow eyes. MCPyV copy number averaged 891 copies/ng in anophthalmic conjunctiva compared with 193 copies/ng in fellow eyes (p < 0.001). These results suggest that enucleation and prosthesis placement affect the ocular surface flora, particularly for the resident virome. As MCPyV has been shown to be the etiologic cause of Merkel cell carcinoma, understanding the mechanisms by which the ocular surface regulates this virus may have clinical importance.

Expression and Stabilization of Microinjected Plasmids Containing the Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene and Polyoma Virus DNA in Mouse Cells

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-522
Author(s):  
Masaru Yamaizumi ◽  
Arthur L. Horwich ◽  
Frank H. Ruddle
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Large T Antigen ◽  
Early Region ◽  
Virus Origin ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Nuclear Injection

To observe the effects of polyoma virus DNA on the expression of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) thymidine kinase (TK) gene early after transfer into TK-deficient mouse cells and the subsequent development of stable TK-positive transformants, we constructed a series of recombinant plasmids containing the herpes simplex virus TK gene joined with various segments of the polyoma virus genome and microinjected them into the nuclei or cytoplasm of LTK-A cells (TK − , APRT − ). The frequency of nucleus-injected cells expressing TK after 1 day, measured by autoradiography of cells incubated with [ 3 H]thymidine, increased approximately 30-fold when the plasmids contained the polyoma virus origin of replication. The origin includes sequences with homology to the simian virus 40 origin of replication and adjoining sequences, including a recently defined transcription-enhancing sequence. After microinjection of a single origin-containing plasmid molecule per cell, TK expression was detected in approximately 50% of the injected cells. When a larger number of origin-containing plasmid molecules were injected per cell, all cells showed early TK activity. When the entire polyoma virus early region was present, neighboring uninjected cells became TK positive. When plasmids were injected into the cell cytoplasm, approximately 400 times as many molecules per cell were needed to cause early TK activity. The frequency of stable transformation observed 2 weeks after nuclear injection of 10 to 20 polyoma virus origin-containing plasmid molecules per cell was at least 2 orders of magnitude greater than with plasmids containing the TK gene alone. The greatest enhancement of stable TK transformation was obtained with plasmids containing the origin alone, when the maximum frequency of stable transformation was 5%. The addition of the coding regions for the small and medium T antigens or the entire early region significantly decreased TK transformation frequency in a copy-dependent fashion. The timing of stabilization of TK-positive transformation was analyzed by releasing hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine selection pressure at various times after microinjection, culturing the cells in nonselective medium, and assaying for TK activity. Stabilization was found to occur between 3 and 6 days after nuclear injection. Cells injected with a plasmid containing the origin and the early region were examined for expression of the large T antigen with polyoma virus antitumor serum and immunofluorescent staining. The expression of the large T antigen was clearly associated with a cytopathic effect. TK-positive clones observed 2 weeks after injection of the plasmid were uniformly T antigen negative. Cytotoxicity may be the result of plasmid replication and toxic levels of T antigen or TK. In addition, expression of the large T antigen may block stabilization by preventing the integration of origin-containing plasmid molecules.

Xeroderma Pigmentosum Variant: Generation and Characterization of Fibroblastic Cell Lines Transformed with SV40 Large T Antigen

1995 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. King ◽  
Sandra J. Wilson ◽  
Rosann A. Farber ◽  
William K. Kaufmann ◽  
Marila Cordeiro-Stone
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Large T Antigen ◽  
Fibroblastic Cell ◽  
Sv40 Large T Antigen

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Large T Antigen Disrupts Lysosome Clustering by Translocating Human Vam6p from the Cytoplasm to the Nucleus

2011 ◽  
Vol 286 (19) ◽  
pp. 17079-17090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Liu ◽  
Jennifer Hein ◽  
Simon C. W. Richardson ◽  
Per H. Basse ◽  
Tuna Toptan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Antigen ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Large T Antigen
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