scholarly journals Physical activity and breast cancer risk among female physical education and language teachers: A 34-year follow-up

2003 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirjo Rintala ◽  
Eero Pukkala ◽  
Esa Läärä ◽  
Veikko Vihko
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Language Teachers

Physical activity and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer defined by hormone receptor status and histology: A large prospective cohort study with 18 years of follow up

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1002-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bardia ◽  
A. H. Wang ◽  
L. C. Hartmann ◽  
J. E. Olson ◽  
C. M. Vachon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Histological Subtypes

1002 Background: Physical activity is a modifiable breast cancer risk factor, perhaps mediating risk reduction through regulation of estrogen metabolism. Evidence regarding effect of physical activity is conflicting partly because breast cancer is a heterogenous constellation of different tumor subtypes with differing etiologies. No prospective study has examined the relationship between physical activity and breast cancer incidence based on ER/PR status or histological subtype. Objective: Examine effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence based on ER/PR status and histological subtypes of breast cancer. Methods: The Iowa Women’s Health Study is a prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women (N=41,837). Physical activity was self-reported on baseline questionnaire, and three levels (high, medium and low) were defined. Breast cancer incidence, histologic subtype and ER/PR status, through 18 years of follow-up, were ascertained by linkage with the Iowa SEER Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer, adjusting for other breast cancer risk factors. Results: During 554,819 person-years of follow-up, 2548 incident cases of breast cancer were observed. High physical activity was associated with decreased risk for breast cancer (RR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.81–1.01) compared to low activity. The protective effect was most marked in ER+/PR− (RR 0.66, CI 0.46–0.94), intermediate in ER−/PR− (RR 0.80, CI 0.56–1.15), weakest in ER+/PR+ (RR 0.94, CI 0.81–1.08), and elevated in ER-/PR+ (RR 1.42, CI 0.67–3.01) tumors. Higher physical activity was also associated with a decreased risk of invasive ductal/lobular carcinoma (RR 0.90, CI 0.80–1.02), but not with invasive breast cancer with a favorable histology (RR 1.19, CI 0.78–1.81). Conclusions: Higher physical activity was associated with a 10% decreased risk of breast cancer. Unexpectedly, risk reduction was most marked in PR- tumors, particularly ER+/PR-, and the more aggressive histologic forms. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings, and also evaluate other risk factors based on ER/PR status and histological subtypes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Epigenome-wide DNA methylation and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Ennour-Idrissi ◽  
Dzevka Dragic ◽  
Francine Durocher ◽  
Caroline Diorio
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Global Dna Methylation ◽  
Dna Hypomethylation ◽  
Epigenetic Age ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Background DNA methylation is a potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer. However, robust evidence of a prospective relationship between DNA methylation patterns and breast cancer risk is still lacking. The objective of this study is to provide a systematic analysis of the findings of epigenome-wide DNA methylation studies on breast cancer risk, in light of their methodological strengths and weaknesses. Methods We searched major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL) from inception up to 30th June 2019, for observational or intervention studies investigating the association between epigenome-wide DNA methylation (using the HM450k or EPIC BeadChip), measured in any type of human sample, and breast cancer risk. A pre-established protocol was drawn up following the Cochrane Reviews rigorous methodology. Study selection, data abstraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by at least two investigators. A qualitative synthesis and systematic comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of studies was performed. Results Overall, 20 studies using the HM450k BeadChip were included, 17 of which had measured blood-derived DNA methylation. There was a consistent trend toward an association of global blood-derived DNA hypomethylation and higher epigenetic age with higher risk of breast cancer. The strength of associations was modest for global hypomethylation and relatively weak for most of epigenetic age algorithms. Differences in length of follow-up periods may have influenced the ability to detect associations, as studies reporting follow-up periods shorter than 10 years were more likely to observe an association with global DNA methylation. Probe-wise differential methylation analyses identified between one and 806 differentially methylated CpGs positions in 10 studies. None of the identified differentially methylated sites overlapped between studies. Three studies used breast tissue DNA and suffered major methodological issues that precludes any conclusion. Overall risk of bias was critical mainly because of incomplete control of confounding. Important issues relative to data preprocessing could have limited the consistency of results. Conclusions Global DNA methylation may be a short-term predictor of breast cancer risk. Further studies with rigorous methodology are needed to determine spatial distribution of DNA hypomethylation and identify differentially methylated sites associated with risk of breast cancer. Prospero registration number CRD42020147244

scholarly journals Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Breast Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Follow-Up Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Guo ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Peiting Li ◽  
Tianying Wang ◽  
Chen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Follow Up Studies

scholarly journals Binge Drinking and Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the SUN (‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’) Project

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Sánchez-Bayona ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Itziar Gardeazabal ◽  
Andrea Romanos-Nanclares ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
Incident Cases

Alcohol intake is associated with the risk of breast cancer. Different patterns of alcohol-drinking may have different effects on breast cancer even when keeping constant the total amount of alcohol consumed. We aimed to assess the association between binge drinking and breast cancer risk. The SUN Project is a Spanish dynamic prospective cohort of university graduates initiated in 1999. In the 556-item lifestyle baseline questionnaire a validated food-frequency questionnaire was embedded. Participants completed biennial follow-up questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer associated with the exposure to binge drinking. A stratified analysis was performed according to menopausal status. We included 9577 women (mean age = 34 years, SD = 10 years), with a median follow-up of 11.8 years. Among 104,932 women-years of follow-up, we confirmed 88 incident cases of breast cancer. Women in the binge drinking group showed a higher risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.03–2.99) compared to women in the non-binge drinking category. In the stratified analysis, a 2-fold higher risk for premenopausal breast cancer was associated with binge drinking habit (HR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.11–3.82). This study adds new evidence on the association of binge drinking with breast cancer risk.

scholarly journals Physical activity and breast cancer risk: results from the UK Biobank prospective cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 726-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenji Guo ◽  
Georgina K. Fensom ◽  
Gillian K. Reeves ◽  
Timothy J. Key
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Relative Risks

Abstract Background Previous studies suggest a protective role of physical activity in breast cancer risk, largely based on self-reported activity. We aimed to clarify this association by examining breast cancer risk in relation to self-reported physical activity, informed by accelerometer-based measures in a large subset of participants. Methods We analysed data from 47,456 premenopausal and 126,704 postmenopausal women in UK Biobank followed from 2006 to 2014. Physical activity was self-reported at baseline, and at resurvey in a subsample of 6443 participants. Accelerometer data, measured from 2013 to 2015, were available in 20,785 women. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. Results A total of 3189 cases were diagnosed during follow-up (mean = 5.7 years). Women in the top compared with the bottom quartile of self-reported physical activity had a reduced risk of both premenopausal (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.60–0.93) and postmenopausal breast cancer (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.78–0.98), after adjusting for adiposity. In analyses utilising physical activity values assigned from accelerometer measurements, an increase of 5 milli-gravity was associated with a 21% (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.66–0.95) reduction in premenopausal and a 16% (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.73–0.96) reduction in postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Conclusions Greater physical activity is associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk, which appears to be independent of any association it may have on risk through its effects on adiposity.

scholarly journals Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy and Breast Cancer Risk Reduction in the Gynecologic Oncology Group Protocol-0199 (GOG-0199)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong L Mai ◽  
Austin Miller ◽  
Mitchell H Gail ◽  
Steven Skates ◽  
Karen Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Pathogenic Variant ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Cancer Risk Reduction

Abstract Background Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) has been associated with approximately 50% breast cancer risk reduction among women with a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2), a finding that has recently been questioned. Methods We estimated incidence rates of breast cancer and all cancers combined during 5 years of follow-up among participants selecting RRSO or ovarian cancer screening (OCS) among women with a BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant or strong breast and/or ovarian cancer family history. Ovarian or fallopian tube or peritoneal cancer incidence rates were estimated for the OCS group. Breast cancer hazard ratios (HRs) for time-dependent RRSO were estimated using Cox regression with age time-scale (4943 and 4990 women-years in RRSO and OCS cohorts, respectively). All statistical tests were two-sided. Results The RRSO cohort included 925 participants, and 1453 participants were in the OCS cohort (381 underwent RRSO during follow-up), with 88 incident breast cancers diagnosed. Among BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers, a non-statistically significant lower breast cancer incidence was observed in the RRSO compared with the OCS cohort (HR = 0.86, 95% confidence interval  = 0.45 to 1.67; P = .67). No difference was observed in the overall population or among subgroups stratified by prior breast cancer history or menopausal status. Seven fallopian tube and four ovarian cancers were prospectively diagnosed in the OCS cohort, and one primary peritoneal carcinoma occurred in the RRSO cohort. Conclusions These data suggest that RRSO might be associated with reduced breast cancer incidence among women with a BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant, although the effect, if present, is small. This evolving evidence warrants a thorough discussion regarding the impact of RRSO on breast cancer risk with women considering this intervention.

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