scholarly journals Facilitating the decision‐making process after a nuclear accident – case studies in the Netherlands and Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther D. Asselt ◽  
Chris J.W. Twenhöfel ◽  
Tatiana Duranova ◽  
Ronald C.G.M. Smetsers ◽  
Jarmila Bohunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Accident Case

A Decision Methodology for Determining Suitable Post-Disaster Accommodations: Reconsidering Effective Indicators for Decision-making Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Amin Hosseini ◽  
Albert de la Fuente ◽  
Oriol Pons ◽  
Carmen Mendoza Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Post Disaster

AbstractOne of the main challenges in assisting displaced persons who have lost their homes as a result of a natural hazard is the provision of adequate post-disaster accommodations, such as temporary housing. Although the need for temporary housing has increased around the world in recent years, it has been criticized on economic, environmental, and social grounds. A universal approach to post-disaster accommodations cannot successfully deal with this issue because each recovery process involves a unique set of conditions. Therefore, rather than defining a specific strategy, this study aims to present an approach capable of producing customized strategies based on contextual and social conditions. To this end, first, the main factors influencing the choice of post-disaster accommodations are identified through five case studies. It is concluded that all of the factors can be organized into three main vertices to simplify the highly complex issues involved in post-disaster accommodations. The case studies also show that the decision-making process consists of two main parts. To date, a recurring failure to distinguish between these two parts has led to unsuitable outcomes. Thus, this paper presents a new decision-making methodology, consisting of multiple steps, phases, and indicators based on the main vertices.

scholarly journals Mapping and understanding the decision-making process for providing nutrition and hydration to people living with dementia: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanthee Anantapong ◽  
Nathan Davies ◽  
Justin Chan ◽  
Daisy McInnerney ◽  
Elizabeth L. Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration

Abstract Background This systematic review aimed to explore the process of decision-making for nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia from the perspectives and experiences of all involved. Methods We searched CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. Search terms were related to dementia, decision-making, nutrition and hydration. Qualitative, quantitative and case studies that focused on decision-making about nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia were included. The CASP and Murad tools were used to appraise the quality of included studies. Data extraction was guided by the Interprofessional Shared Decision Making (IP-SDM) model. We conducted a narrative synthesis using thematic analysis. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019131497. Results Forty-five studies were included (20 qualitative, 15 quantitative and 10 case studies), comprising data from 17 countries and 6020 patients, family caregivers and practitioners. The studies covered a range of decisions from managing oral feeding to the use of tube feeding. We found that decisions about nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia were generally too complex to be mapped onto the precise linear steps of the existing decision-making model. Decision-making processes around feeding for people living with dementia were largely influenced by medical evidence, personal values, cultures and organizational routine. Although the process involved multiple people, family caregivers and non-physician practitioners were often excluded in making a final decision. Upon disagreement, nutrition interventions were sometimes delivered with conflicting feelings concealed by family caregivers or practitioners. Most conflicts and negative feelings were resolved by good relationship, honest communication, multidisciplinary team meetings and renegotiation. Conclusions The decision-making process regarding nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia does not follow a linear process. It needs an informed, value-sensitive, and collaborative process. However, it often characterized by unclear procedures and with a lack of support. Decisional support is needed and should be approached in a shared and stepwise manner.

Perspectives of decision-making in requests for euthanasia: A qualitative research among patients, relatives and treating physicians in the Netherlands

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne K Dees ◽  
Myrra J Vernooij-Dassen ◽  
Wim J Dekkers ◽  
Glyn Elwyn ◽  
Kris C Vissers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Complex Decision Making

Background: Euthanasia has been legally performed in the Netherlands since 2002. Respect for patient’s autonomy is the underpinning ethical principal. However, patients have no right to euthanasia, and physicians have no obligation to provide it. Although over 3000 cases are conducted per year in the Netherlands, there is little known about how decision-making occurs and no guidance to support this difficult aspect of clinical practice. Aim: To explore the decision-making process in cases where patients request euthanasia and understand the different themes relevant to optimise this decision-making process. Design: A qualitative thematic analysis of interviews with patients making explicit requests for euthanasia, most-involved relative(s) and treating physician. Participants/setting: Thirty-two cases, 31 relatives and 28 treating physicians. Settings were patients’ and relatives’ homes and physicians’ offices. Results: Five main themes emerged: (1) initiation of sharing views and values about euthanasia, (2) building relationships as part of the negotiation, (3) fulfilling legal requirements, (4) detailed work of preparing and performing euthanasia and (5) aftercare and closing. Conclusions: A patient’s request for euthanasia entails a complex process that demands emotional work by all participants. It is characterised by an intensive period of sharing information, relationship building and negotiation in order to reach agreement. We hypothesise that making decisions about euthanasia demands a proactive approach towards participants’ preferences and values regarding end of life, towards the needs of relatives, towards the burden placed on physicians and a careful attention to shared decision-making. Future research should address the communicational skills professionals require for such complex decision-making.

scholarly journals Guide for Automation of Low Volume Production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Löfving ◽  
Peter Almström ◽  
Caroline Jarebrant ◽  
Boel Wadman ◽  
Magnus Widfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Production Economics ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

There is a remaining need from both academia and practitioners, to gain further knowledge about the decision making process for automation of low volume production. This paper includes insights of drivers for automation, the development of a guide for low volume production and the outcome of using the guide. The research in this study is based on both empirical data and theoretical considerations. The empirical data was collected in five case studies and a questionnaire. This paper is part of a research project with the main objective to develop knowledge about how flexible automation may contribute to improvements in efficiency, ergonomics, quality and production economics in different industries with low volume production. One of the results in the project was a comprehensive guide, developed, refined and improved in an iterative collaborative process, where tools and parts of the guide were tested and verified by five manufacturing case companies. The paper describes briefly the development process of the guide and content. The requirements of the guide derived from literature, case companies, questionnaire as well as industrial experts. The resulting guide can be used in several ways, depending on the requirements of the application. The guide includes guiding principles, a decision model for the analysis of the company, choice of automation and facts about automation. In the end of the project, four companies had invested or decided to invest in different types of automation.

scholarly journals Religious Diaspora: A New Approach to Its Existence and Meaning

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 831
Author(s):  
Alina Pătru
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Way

The present study aims to contribute to the discussion regarding the possibility of conceptualizing a religious diaspora. It proposes a new way of defining it, namely in relation to religious and not to ethno-territorial realities, but without editing the territorial dimension out. After sketching the definition on this theoretical basis, the study refers to six case studies, pointing to the way in which the definitory traits of a religious diaspora are actualized in each situation under study. The evaluation unravels the strengths of the concept as well as certain aspects that still need to be addressed in further research. The inference is that the capacity of religion to generate diasporic feelings and attitudes should also be acknowledged and that the concept of religious diaspora ought to be treated as an analytic instrument useful both in the research and in the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Mass-tailorisation - a digital aid for the decision-making in the designer's design process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Potential

<p>The advent of digital tools and technologies of modern times has provided architectural designers with the ability to create in complexities and volumes of an unprecedented scale. With the myriad of possibilities, the designer has become prone to the Paradox of Choice - the difficulty of making decisions in a field of mass-options. </p> <p>Mass-tailorisation aims to aid the decision-making process of the designer in a world of unprecedented possibilities, limited only by the practicalities of reality. This research develops a theoretical framework for mass-tailorisation systems that aid the designer in the decision-making process by strategically focusing on four stages of the decision-making process. </p> <p>The thesis investigates the theoretical framework of mass-tailorisation through several phases of case studies that critically assess the viability and the implications of the components that constitute the mass-tailorisation system. The need for mass-tailorisation, as well as the establishment of the system and the future potential of mass-tailorisation are addressed through these case studies. Thus, leading to an integrative theoretical framework on the validity of mass-tailorisation. </p> <p>The research also speculates on the possible role of the future designer as they navigate through the near-limitless possibilities of the architectural design process of modern times. Finally, the thesis concludes by discussing the specific importance of the Design-Fabrication-Assembly Digital Continuum and the pursuit for the Move 37 phenomenon in explaining how mass-tailorisation can improve the decision-making process of the designer during the design process.</p>

scholarly journals To Return or Not to Return

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thai Quoc Cao ◽  
Quynh Kim Chieu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Expected Utility ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Decision Making Process

Amidst the worldwide outbreak of the coronavirus, many overseas Vietnamese students have decided to return to Vietnam to seek protection from illness. However, the decision to return or not to return in such a risky context requires intensive thinking about the outcomes of each possible choice. The aim of this reflection paper is to explore the personal considerations and dilemmas during the decision-making process of two Vietnamese students in the Netherlands using the expected utility framework. The experience of applying a systematic approach to assess risky situations not only informs decisions more comprehensively but also provides an opportunity to look deeply at one's values and interests.

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