scholarly journals Estimating the future decline of wild coho salmon populations resulting from early spawner die-offs in urbanizing watersheds of the Pacific Northwest, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julann A Spromberg ◽  
Nathaniel L Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Evaluating Coexistence of Fish Species with Coastal Cutthroat Trout in Low Order Streams of Western Oregon and Washington, USA

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Martens ◽  
Jason Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Coastal Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Low Order

When multiple species of fish coexist there are a host of potential ways through which they may interact, yet there is often a strong focus on studies of single species without considering these interactions. For example, many studies of forestry–stream interactions in the Pacific Northwest have focused solely on the most prevalent species: Coastal cutthroat trout. To examine the potential for interactions of other fishes with coastal cutthroat trout, we conducted an analysis of 281 sites in low order streams located on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula and along the central Oregon coast. Coastal cutthroat trout and juvenile coho salmon were the most commonly found salmonid species within these streams and exhibited positive associations with each other for both presence and density. Steelhead were negatively associated with the presence of coastal cutthroat trout as well as with coho salmon and sculpins (Cottidae). Coastal cutthroat trout most frequently shared streams with juvenile coho salmon. For densities of these co-occurring species, associations between these two species were relatively weak compared to the strong influences of physical stream conditions (size and gradient), suggesting that physical conditions may have more of an influence on density than species interactions. Collectively, our analysis, along with a review of findings from prior field and laboratory studies, suggests that the net effect of interactions between coastal cutthroat trout and coho salmon do not appear to inhibit their presence or densities in small streams along the Pacific Northwest.

The Demise of Community and Ecology in the Pacific Northwest: Historical Roots of the Ancient Forest Conflict

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton W. Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ancient Forest ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Economic

The Pacific Northwest has become the site of a bitterly fought struggle over the future of the remaining 10% of the region's ancient, or “old growth,” forests. The remaining stands of these forests are important components of the local economy and of the region's ecology. The article begins with a brief description of the economic and ecological crises which are now coming to fruition as a result of the loss of 90% of these forests. It then provides a description of the cultural heritage and sense of community which is being lost in the small, timber-dependent communities of the region—a social crisis resulting from the economic and ecological crises. In conclusion, the article argues that all of these crises should be understood as resulting from the political, economic, and historical circumstances which facilitated the emergence of the largest and wealthiest timber ownership.

Delayed Emergence, Stem Distortion, Stunting, and Foliar Symptoms Associated with Tobacco Rattle Virus and Paratrichodorus Allius in Potatoes Grown in the Pacific Northwest

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy L. Gieck ◽  
Nicholas L. David ◽  
Philip B. Hamm ◽  
James M. Crosslin ◽  
Russell E. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Us ◽  
Delayed Emergence ◽  
The Future

This is the first report of stunting, stem distortion, delayed emergence and foliar TRV symptoms on potato in the Pacific Northwest where approximately 50% of the US potato crop is grown. The shift in use from 1,3 dichloropropene to oxamyl may suggest these symptoms will be more frequently observed in the future. Accepted for publication 19 May 2007. Published 17 September 2007.

Decadal Climate Variation and Coho Salmon Catch

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Greenland
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Decadal Climate

When temporally smoothed data are used for the period 1925 to 1985 there is a close inverse statistical relationship acting at an interdecadal timescale between the Pacific Northwest (PNW) air temperatures and Coho salmon catch off the coast of Washington and Oregon. This relationship is now well known, although not fully explained, but at the time of its discovery in 1994 it was part of advances being made by several research groups on interdecadal-scale climate/ecological changes in the PNW (Greenland 1995). The discovery and later, related findings may be usefully examined within the context of the framework questions of this book (see chapter 1) because it provides a very interesting example of climate variability and ecosystem response found, in part, by Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) investigators. The logical progression for this chapter is first to review a little of the relationship between Coho salmon and climate and then to explain how a study at one LTER site led to a finding with regional implications. An update of the findings at interdecadal-scale climate/ecological changes in the PNW is then appropriate, followed by a discussion of the topic with the framework questions of this book. The PNW is defined, for the purposes of this chapter, as the area of Washington and Oregon west of the crest of the Cascade Range. The term decadal is used loosely in this chapter to refer to changes that focus on time periods of about 10 to 30 years in length. Salmon live part of their lives in terrestrial, freshwater environments and part in marine, saltwater environments. The salmon life history starts with fertilized eggs remaining in gravel in freshwater stream beds and hatching after 1–3 months. One to five months later, fry emerge in the spring or summer. Juvenile fish are in freshwater from a few days to 4 years, depending on species and locality. After the juveniles change to smolts, they can migrate to the ocean, usually in spring or early summer, often taking advantage of streamflows driven by snowmelt. The fish spend 1–4 years in the ocean and then return to their freshwater home stream to spawn and die. More specifically, the typical life cycle for Oregon Coho spans 3 years (18 months in freshwater and 18 months in the ocean).

Spatial and temporal factors affecting survival in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the Pacific Northwest

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 2067-2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claribel Coronado ◽  
Ray Hilborn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ocean Conditions

Survival rates for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were estimated for all coded wire tag release groups in the Pacific Northwest between 1971 and 1990. The spatial and temporal patterns show considerable geographic variation, with most regions south of northern British Columbia showing declining survival since 1983, while northern areas have shown increasing survival during that period. The number of years of operation explained very little of the variation in survival, and many hatcheries showed major increases in survival after several years of operation. Survival of marked wild fish generally showed the same trend as hatchery fish. We conclude that the dominant factor affecting coho salmon survival since the 1970s is ocean conditions and that there are major geographic differences in the pattern of ocean conditions. The decline in survival seen in British Columbia and south over the last decade suggests that a major reduction in exploitation rates is necessary to maintain the populations.

scholarly journals The Future of Restoration and Management of Prairie-Oak Ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Dunwiddie ◽  
Jonathan D. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Future

Geographical and host distribution patterns of Parvicapsula minibicornis (Myxozoa) small subunit ribosomal RNA genetic types

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN D. ATKINSON ◽  
SIMON R. M. JONES ◽  
ROBERT D. ADLARD ◽  
JERRI L. BARTHOLOMEW
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fish Samples

SUMMARYParvicapsula minibicornis is a myxozoan parasite implicated in mortalities of both juvenile and pre-spawning adult salmon in the Pacific Northwest of North America. Disease severity and presentation varies between salmon species and geographical localities. To better characterize population structure of the parasite, we sought genetic markers in the P. minibicornis ribosomal RNA gene. We compared samples from California with the type specimen from British Columbia, identified sequence variations, and then sequenced 197 samples from fish, river water and the parasite's polychaete worm host. Although DNA sequences of the parasite were >98·9% similar, there was enough variation to define 15 genotypes. All genotypes were detected in fish samples, although not in all species. A single genotype only was found in sockeye and pink salmon in the Fraser River Basin, but was not detected in sockeye from the adjacent Columbia River Basin. All coho salmon, irrespective of river basin, were infected with a unique mix of 2 genotypes. These data indicated that the P. minibicornis population exhibited strong signals of structuring by both geography and salmonid host species. Particular genotypes may correlate with disease differences seen in salmon populations in the Pacific Northwest.

Elevated Streamflows Increase Dam Passage by Juvenile Coho Salmon during Winter: Implications of Climate Change in the Pacific Northwest

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias J. Kock ◽  
Theresa L. Liedtke ◽  
Dennis W. Rondorf ◽  
John D. Serl ◽  
Mike Kohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
The Pacific
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