There is more to mind reading than having theory of mind concepts: new directions in theory of mind research

2010 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Samson ◽  
Ian A. Apperly
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
New Directions

scholarly journals Archetype, Psyche, World

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Jon Mills
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Body Problem ◽  
External World ◽  
Analytical Psychology ◽  
Metaphysical Realism ◽  
Internal Parameters ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Mind Body Problem ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Ontological Position

Abstract In our dialogues over the nature of archetypes, essence, psyche, and world, I further respond to Erik Goodwyn’s recent foray into establishing an ontological position that not only answers to the mind-body problem, but further locates the source of Psyche on a cosmic plane. His impressive attempt to launch a neo-Jungian metaphysics is based on the principle of cosmic panpsychism that bridges both the internal parameters of archetypal process and their emergence in consciousness and the external world conditioned by a psychic universe. Here I explore the ontology of experience, mind, matter, metaphysical realism, and critique Goodwyn’s turn to Neoplatonism. The result is a potentially compatible theory of mind and reality that grounds archetypal theory in onto-phenomenology, metaphysics, and bioscience, hence facilitating new directions in analytical psychology.

Chimps, Dogs, and Us

Reading Minds ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
Henry M. Wellman
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Social Understanding ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
Theories Of Mind ◽  
Almost All

This chapter addresses how animal studies are a crucial way to discover what makes people, and our theories of mind, uniquely human. Chimpanzee social understanding falls far short of human children’s. Nevertheless, people’s human theory of mind reflects beginnings owed to nonhuman ancestors. At the same time, human theory of mind is distinctive. It is broad, impacting almost all of human cognition and social interaction. It is fundamentally developmental, requiring more and more advanced mind-reading insights over an entire human life. It is also helpful and communicative. Even infants deploy their social–cognitive insights to help, communicate with, and learn about others. As such, while people sprang from animal ancestors, it is their advanced, rapidly developing social understanding that makes them uniquely human.

Theory of Mind

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Wilde Astington ◽  
Claire Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Mental States ◽  
False Belief ◽  
School Age ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Deontic Reasoning ◽  
Developmental Progression ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Atypical Development

The chapter begins with an explanation of key foundational concepts in theory of mind, such as mental representation and false belief. We then discuss the history and current broad scope of the term, proposing a developmental-componential view that incorporates intuitive and reflective aspects of theory of mind. We continue with a comprehensive description of the developmental progression of theory of mind: from infants’ intuitive understanding of ordinary actions as reflecting others’ attention and intentions, through toddlers’ appreciation of world-inconsistent goals and preschool developments in understanding representational mental states, to school-age children’s mastery of an interpretative and complex theory of mind. We consideren passantindividual differences in development, as well as atypical development, such as in autism. Finally, new directions for research are explored, in the areas of neurology, education, and deontic reasoning.

Mind Reading, Gossip, and Liars

Reading Minds ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Henry M. Wellman
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
Theories Of Mind

This chapter discusses mind reading and theory of mind in adults, preparatory to looking at children in many further chapters. It starts by looking at adult gossip. Gossip appeals to people because it gives them a massive arena for learning about the inner workings of far more people than they could ever know individually. Through gossip, one learns about people’s intentions, quirks, likes, beliefs, deeds, and misdeeds. Then the chapter outlines in more detail just what theory of mind is, its components, and its structures. It is an everyday (not a scientific) theory used to understand ourselves and others; ordinary and commonsensical, it is also called commonsense psychology. Despite all its usefulness, people’s theories of mind can fail them. An everyday example is people’s sense of if and when someone is lying. Despite years of being concerned about lying, most adults’ theories about lying are wrong.

Narrative Theory, 2006–2015: Some highlights with applications to Ian McEwan’s Atonement

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Narrative Theory ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Rhetorical Theory ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
Unnatural Narratology

AbstractThis essay is a sequel to “Narrative theory, 1966–2006: A narrative,” Chapter 8 of the 2006 edition of The nature of narrative. Rather than attempting to be comprehensive, it highlights five particular developments in the field, each connected with issues discussed in the 2006 essay, and it illustrates the interpretive consequences of each development by considering its implications for reading Ian McEwan’s Atonement. The first two developments are related to ongoing “instabilities” I identified at the end of the 2006 essay: unnatural narratology and theories of fictionality. The next three developments are related to the three main approaches I discussed in 2006: within cognitive theory, work on theory of mind or mind-reading; within feminist theory, work on intersectionality; within rhetorical theory, work on the narrative communication model.

Theory of Mind in Autistic Children

2011 ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Tariq M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Multimedia System ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Potential Benefits

The authors discuss how multimedia learning systems and analogical reasoning could be used to help autistic children cope with the demands of reasoning abstractly and to develop their Theory of Mind. Learners with autism have problems reasoning about other’s mental states and beliefs, which has been coined Theory of Mind. The specially developed systems proved beneficial for the autistic children, which highlights the potential benefits that a multimedia system can have as a learning tool for Theory of Mind. However, there is some doubt over the usefulness of interactivity for learning beyond its enhancement of enjoyment and sense of participation. It is intended that the results will stimulate a reassessment of current multimedia theories as they relate to non-typically developing learners, and provide new directions for research in the area of support for children with ASD.

Mind Reading in Films Task to Assess Social Cognitive Deficits in Autism Spectrum Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
Soraya TAHAZADEH ◽  
Usha BARAHMAND ◽  
Fereshteh YAGHOOTI ◽  
Mohamad Ali NAZARI
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autism Spectrum Conditions ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
Eyes Task

"Background and Objectives. Various tasks with a variety of stimuli have been devised to measure aspects of theory of mind. In the present study, with due consideration of Iranian culture, we introduce a sensitive video-based test, called Mind Reading in Films Task (Films Task), for the evaluation of complex emotions and mental states. This new social ecological task for mindreading comprises several short film scenes, some measuring cognitive theory of mind and some measuring affective theory of mind. Method. This study included two experiments. In experiment 1, the validity of the newly devised Films Task was investigated by comparing the responses of 342 students to the Films Task and to the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (Eyes Test). In experiment 2, the predictive power and sensitivity of the Films Task was assessed. Twenty adults with high functioning autism spectrum conditions (ASC) were compared with 20 matched healthy controls in terms of their responses to the Eyes Task, Films Task and Empathy Quotient questionnaire. The ROC curve was used to determine the best cut-off point and the diagnostic value. Results. Our findings substantiate the discriminative capacity of the Films Task to distinguish individuals with autism spectrum conditions from their healthy non-clinical counterparts. Limitations: Intelligence and comorbid psychiatric conditions were not controlled, limiting the utility of the measure. Conclusions. Results imply the potential utility of the Films Task as a viable alternative to the Eyes Task in measuring individual differences in social cognitive ability in the general population."

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