Expression of negative affect during face-to-face interaction: a double video study of young infants' sensitivity to social contingency

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne C. Braarud ◽  
Kjell Morten Stormark
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Video Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Social Contingency ◽  
Young Infants

scholarly journals Decoding the Infant Mind: Multichannel Pattern Analysis (MCPA) using fNIRS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren L. Emberson ◽  
Benjamin D. Zinszer ◽  
Rajeev D. S. Raizada ◽  
Richard N. Aslin
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Multivariate Pattern Analysis ◽  
Channel Pattern ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Physiological Signal ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Mri Environment ◽  
Multivariate Pattern

AbstractsThe MRI environment restricts the types of populations and tasks that can be studied by cognitive neuroscientists (e.g., young infants, face-to-face communication). FNIRS is a neuroimaging modality that records the same physiological signal as fMRI but without the constraints of MRI, and with better spatial localization than EEG. However, research in the fNIRS community largely lacks the analytic sophistication of analogous fMRI work, restricting the application of this imaging technology. The current paper presents a method of multivariate pattern analysis for fNIRS that allows the authors to decode the infant mind (a key fNIRS population). Specifically, multi-channel pattern analysis (MCPA) employs a correlation-based decoding method where a group model is constructed for all infants except one; both average patterns (i.e., infant-level) and single trial patterns (i.e., trial-level) of activation are decoded. Between subjects decoding is a particularly difficult task, because each infant has their own somewhat idiosyncratic patterns of neural activation. The fact that our method succeeds at across-subject decoding demonstrates the presence of group-level multi-channel regularities across infants. The code for implementing these analyses has been made readily available online to facilitate the quick adoption of this method to advance the methodological tools available to the fNIRS researcher.

scholarly journals Targeted adaptation in infants following live exposure to an accented talker

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Melissa PAQUETTE-SMITH ◽  
Angela COOPER ◽  
Elizabeth K. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
English Learning ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Australian English ◽  
Specific Mapping ◽  
Phonological System

Abstract Infants struggle to understand familiar words spoken in unfamiliar accents. Here, we examine whether accent exposure facilitates accent-specific adaptation. Two types of pre-exposure were examined: video-based (i.e., listening to pre-recorded stories; Experiment 1) and live interaction (reading books with an experimenter; Experiments 2 and 3). After video-based exposure, Canadian English-learning 15- to 18-month-olds failed to recognize familiar words spoken in an unfamiliar accent. However, after face-to-face interaction with a Mandarin-accented talker, infants showed enhanced recognition for words produced in Mandarin English compared to Australian English. Infants with live exposure to an Australian talker were not similarly facilitated, perhaps due to the lower vocabulary scores of the infants assigned to the Australian exposure condition. Thus, live exposure can facilitate accent adaptation, but this ability is fragile in young infants and is likely influenced by vocabulary size and the specific mapping between the speaker and the listener's phonological system.

Negative affect, emotional expression, and forgetting in young infants.

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayne M. Singer ◽  
Jeffrey W. Fagen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Young Infants

scholarly journals Mitigating the Detrimental Impact of Maximum Negative Affect on Team Cohesion and Performance Through Face-to-Face Communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sharon Hill ◽  
Lynn R. Offermann ◽  
Kaitlin Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Interdependence Theory ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Team Functioning ◽  
Detrimental Impact

Research on team affective composition has been limited by primarily focusing on the influence of the mean level of team affect despite suggestions that even one affectively negative member may have a disproportionate influence on team functioning and outcomes. Drawing on key tenets of social interdependence theory and integrating team affect and communication research, we investigate the influence of the team member with the highest score on trait negative affect (maximum negative affect). We also highlight an important factor, face-to-face communication, that may mitigate the detrimental effect of maximum negative affect. Results show that the negative impact of team maximum negative affect on team cohesion, and the indirect effect on team performance behaviors through cohesion, is attenuated in teams that meet face-to-face more frequently. In addition, team performance behaviors mediate the indirect effect of cohesion on the team’s task performance outcome. Our findings make significant contributions to team affect research and also have important practical implications for managing negative affectivity in teams.

Daily social interactions and well-being in older adults: The role of interaction modality

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birthe Macdonald ◽  
Minxia Luo ◽  
Gizem Hülür
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Face To Face

Associations between social relationships and well-being are widely documented across the lifespan, including in older age. Older adults increasingly use digital communication technologies. In the present study, we examine the role of social interactions for older adults’ daily well-being with a focus on three interaction modalities (face-to-face, telephone, and digital). Specifically, we examine (a) whether people who are more socially active than others report higher levels of well-being and (b) how day-to-day fluctuations in the number of social interactions are associated with day-to-day fluctuations of well-being, separately by interaction modality. We use data from 115 participants (age: M = 72 years, SD = 5, range = 65–94; 40% women), who documented their social interactions over 21 days and reported their well-being each evening (including positive affect, negative affect, and loneliness). Taken together, our findings show that frequency of face-to-face interactions is more consistently related to well-being than telephone or digital interactions. At the between-person level, those who report more face-to-face social interactions than others across 21 days report higher levels of positive affect than others. At the within-person level, on days where participants report more face-to-face social interactions than their own average, they report higher positive affect, lower negative affect, and lower loneliness than usual. In addition, a higher number of digital interactions is associated with lower negative affect at the between-person level. In summary, our findings suggest that face-to-face social interactions are uniquely relevant to older adults’ daily well-being. We discuss implications of these findings for future research.

Social Contingency Effects on Subsequent Perceptual-Cognitive Tasks in Young Infants

1989 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Dunham ◽  
Frances Dunham ◽  
Alan Hurshman ◽  
Teresa Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Social Contingency ◽  
Young Infants

scholarly journals The Zoom solution: Promoting effective cross-ideological communication online

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Binnquist ◽  
Stephanie Dolbier ◽  
Macrina Dieffenbach ◽  
Matthew Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
The Political ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Media Audiences ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Society Research

Abstract The rise of ideological polarization in the U.S. over the past few decades has come with an increase in hostility on both sides of the political aisle. Although communication and compromise are hallmarks of a functioning society, research has shown that people overestimate the negative affect they will experience when viewing oppositional media, and it is likely that negative forecasts lead many to avoid cross-ideological communication (CIC) altogether. Additionally, a growing ideological geographic divide and online extremism fueled by social media audiences make engaging in CIC more difficult than ever. Here, we demonstrate that online video-chat platforms (i.e., Zoom) can be used to promote effective CIC among ideologically polarized individuals, as well as to better study CIC in a controlled setting. Participants (n = 122) had a face-to-face CIC over Zoom, either privately or publicly with a silent ingroup audience present. Participant forecasts about the interaction were largely inaccurate, with the actual conversation experience found to be more positive than anticipated. Additionally, the presence of an ingroup audience was associated with increased conflict. In both conditions, participants showed signs of attitude moderation, felt more favorable toward the outgroup, and felt more informed about the issue after the CIC. These results suggest that face-to-face CIC’s are generally positive and beneficial for partisans, and that greater effects may be achieved through private conversations, as opposed to more public social media interactions. Future researchers studying ideological conflict may find success using similar Zoom paradigms to bring together ideologically diverse individuals in controlled lab settings.

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