Individual Differences in Early Executive Functions: A Longitudinal Study from 12 to 36 Months

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Johansson ◽  
Carin Marciszko ◽  
Karin Brocki ◽  
Gunilla Bohlin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Executive Functions

Individual differences in executive functions and retrieval efficacy in older adults.

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus I. M. Craik ◽  
Eldar Eftekhari ◽  
Ellen Bialystok ◽  
Nicole D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Executive Functions

Executive functions in decision making: An individual differences approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Del Missier ◽  
Timo Mäntylä ◽  
Wändi Bruine de Bruin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Executive Functions

Infant Effortful Control Mediates Relations Between Nondirective Parenting and Internalising-Related Child Behaviours in an Autism-Enriched Infant Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Smith ◽  
E. J. H. Jones ◽  
S. V. Wass ◽  
G. Pasco ◽  
M. H. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Behavioural Inhibition ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Internalising Problems

AbstractInternalising problems are common within Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); early intervention to support those with emerging signs may be warranted. One promising signal lies in how individual differences in temperament are shaped by parenting. Our longitudinal study of infants with and without an older sibling with ASD investigated how parenting associates with infant behavioural inhibition (8–14 months) and later effortful control (24 months) in relation to 3-year internalising symptoms. Mediation analyses suggest nondirective parenting (8 months) was related to fewer internalising problems through an increase in effortful control. Parenting did not moderate the stable predictive relation of behavioural inhibition on later internalising. We discuss the potential for parenting to strengthen protective factors against internalising in infants from an ASD-enriched cohort.

Individual differences in visual attention and self-regulation: A multimethod longitudinal study from infancy to toddlerhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne B. Geeraerts ◽  
Roy S. Hessels ◽  
Stefan Van der Stigchel ◽  
Jorg Huijding ◽  
Joyce J. Endendijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Self Regulation

Friendships in Early Childhood, and Social Understanding

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Maguire ◽  
Judy Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Pretend Play ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Social Understanding ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Mixed Emotions ◽  
Close Friendships

This study had two goals. The first was to provide descriptive data on the nature of individual differences in young children’s close friendships, and the second, to examine the relations between these individual differences and children’s earlier understanding of others’ emotions and mental states, and their later appreciation of ambivalent or mixed emotions. A total of 41 children participating in a longitudinal study from 33 months to 6-7 years were studied with their close friends as 6-year-olds, with a combination of observations and standard sociocognitive assessments. The results showed that different aspects of friendship interactions, such as co-ordination of play and amity, were neither closely related nor linked to power assertion. Early differences in the assessment of social understanding were associated with later differences in pretend play with the friend, and friendship interactions at 6 years were linked to later appreciation of mixed emotions. The two-way process of influence linking individual development and friendship quality is discussed.

scholarly journals The pitch of babies’ cries predicts their voice pitch at age 5

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 20180065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Levrero ◽  
Nicolas Mathevon ◽  
Katarzyna Pisanski ◽  
Erik Gustafsson ◽  
David Reby
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Voice Pitch ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Longitudinal Study Design ◽  
The Right

Voice pitch (fundamental frequency, F 0 ) is a key dimension of our voice that varies between sexes after puberty, and also among individuals of the same sex both before and after puberty. While a recent longitudinal study indicates that inter-individual differences in voice pitch remain stable in men during adulthood and may even be determined before puberty (Fouquet et al. 2016 R. Soc. open sci. 3 , 160395. ( doi:10.1098/rsos.160395 )), whether these differences emerge in infancy remains unknown. Here, using a longitudinal study design, we investigate the hypothesis that inter-individual differences in F 0 are already present in the cries of pre-verbal babies. While based on a small sample ( n = 15), our results indicate that the F 0 of babies' cries at 4 months of age may predict the F 0 of their speech utterances at 5 years of age, explaining 41% of the inter-individual variance in voice pitch at that age in our sample. We also found that the right-hand ratio of the length of their index to ring finger (2D : 4D digit ratio), which has been proposed to constitute an index of prenatal testosterone exposure, was positively correlated with F 0 at both 4 months and 5 years of age. These findings suggest that a substantial proportion of between-individual differences in voice pitch, which convey important biosocial information about speakers, may partly originate in utero and thus already be present soon after birth.

Development of executive functions from childhood to adolescence in very preterm-born individuals - A longitudinal study

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regula Everts ◽  
Corina G. Schöne ◽  
Ines Mürner-Lavanchy ◽  
Maja Steinlin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Preterm Born
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