Relationships between rainfall, fog and throughfall at a hill evergreen forest site in northern Thailand

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Tanaka ◽  
Koichiro Kuraji ◽  
Chatchai Tantasirin ◽  
Hideki Takizawa ◽  
Nipon Tangtham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Northern Thailand

Relationships between rainfall, fog, and throughfall at a hill evergreen forest site in northern Thailand

2011 ◽  
pp. 324-331
Author(s):  
N. Tanaka ◽  
K. Kuraji ◽  
C. Tantasirin ◽  
H. Takizawa ◽  
N. Tangtham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Northern Thailand

Sulfur forms in bulk soils and alkaline soil extracts of tropical mountain ecosystems in northern Thailand

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Möller ◽  
K. Kaiser ◽  
N. Kanchanakool ◽  
C. Anecksamphant ◽  
W. Jirasuktaveekul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Organic S

Sulfur, besides phosphorus, is crucial for the nutrition of plants on tropical soils. Its availability is closely related to the turnover of soil organic matter. To get a better insight into transformation of soil S forms during the decomposition of organic matter, we studied inorganic and organic S pools in bulk samples and alkaline extracts of soils under different land uses representative of the tropical highlands of northern Thailand. Samples were taken from a cabbage cultivation, a Pinus reforestation, a secondary forest, and a primary forest. Total S ranged from 483 549 mg/kg in the subsoil to 1909 376 mg/kg in the organic layers, which is relatively high for tropical soils. The major S component in soil was organic S, comprising 75–99% of total S. Organic S was significantly correlated with total S, organic C, and total N, indicating that there is a close relationship between C, N, and S cycling in soil. C-bonded S was the predominant form in the topsoils (35–99% of total S) but its presence decreased with soil depth. The maximum concentrations of ester SO4-S were found in the A horizons (128 49 mg/kg), whereas the concentrations of inorganic SO4-S were small in all horizons. Compared with the forest site, the cabbage cultivation site was strongly depleted in S. C-bonded S was more depleted than ester SO4-S. A comparison of the S forms in NaOH extracts with S forms in bulk soil and C forms as indicated by 13C-NMR spectroscopy showed (i) that the extracts were very representative of soil organic S fractions and (ii) that ester SO4-S was mainly associated with O-substituted aliphatic C. In contrast, C-bonded S seemed to be connected to more-or-less all C binding types. transformation of soil organic matter, sulfate.

Composition and organization of highly speciose Empidoidea (Diptera) communities in tropical montane forests of northern Thailand

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4590 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIAN R. PLANT ◽  
DANIEL J. BICKEL ◽  
PAUL CHATELAIN ◽  
CHRISTOPHE DAUGERON ◽  
WICHAI SRISUKA
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Taxonomic Distinctness ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Family Level

This study is based on more than 25,000 specimens of the superfamily Empidoidea (Diptera) collected throughout a full year on a 2000 m elevational habitat succession gradient along a 21 km transect on Doi Inthanon, the highest mountain in Thailand. The samples were sorted to 58 genera and 458 morphospecies (Empididae, 73; Hybotidae, 203; Dolichopodidae, 179; Brachystomatidae, 3).                                                                                                                          The data were used to prepare the first thorough taxon-focussed description of how diversity of a major group of Diptera is structured in tropical forest biotopes. We found significant spatial (elevation / habitat) and temporal (seasonal) variations in richness (α-diversity) and abundance at family-level. α-Diversity of the four families was maximal in damp evergreen forests at higher elevation (1500–2500 m), but Dolichopodidae also had a major subsidiary peak in lowland dry evergreen forest at 500–1000 m. Genus-, tribe- and subfamily level α-diversity / elevation profiles were varied, indicating that overall family-level richness is a composite of many taxa that contribute low, high or mid-elevation specialisms. We provide a detailed analysis of these specialisms for each of the 58 genera. Adult phenology was correlated with the monsoon and had three characteristic phases: (i) pre-monsoon commencement during the latter part of the hot dry season, (ii) a ‘flush’ of maximal richness during the early-monsoon, and (iii) a secondary richness maximum associated with the late-monsoon. Maximum α-diversity occurred in phases (i) and (ii) but communities in phase (iii) had characteristically low evenness in which a few abundant species were dominant. Cluster analysis and ordination resolved three well-founded communities with different species-abundance distributions, high levels of species-level specialism and habitat-fidelity associated with moist hill evergreen forest (MHE) at >2000 m; mid elevation evergreen forests (EM) at 1000–2000 m and dry lowland forest (DL) at <1000 m. The three forest types with which these communities are associated are widespread and typical of northern Thailand and the diversity characteristics of each habitat are likely scalable to larger geographic areas. The transition from lowland DL through to upper montane MHE communities was generally characterised by increasing abundance, lower evenness (higher dominance), slower temporal turnover of community composition (relaxation of seasonality), longer periods of adult flight activity and rare species contributing less to species richness. Oriental biogeographic influences are strong at lower elevations but Palaearctic influences are increasingly important at higher elevations. The mixing of Oriental and Palaearctic elements in MHE forests is thought to explain the greater phylogenetic complexity at higher elevation (as measured by taxonomic distinctness).

scholarly journals Elements Concentrations in Tree Species of Tropical Hill Evergreen Forest, Northern, Thailand.

Tropics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savent PAMPASIT ◽  
Soontom KHAMYONG ◽  
Gerhard BREULMANN ◽  
Ikuo NINOMIYA ◽  
Kazuhiko OGINO
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Northern Thailand

scholarly journals Leaf phenology as one important driver of seasonal changes in isoprene emissions in central Amazonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 4019-4032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane G. Alves ◽  
Julio Tóta ◽  
Andrew Turnipseed ◽  
Alex B. Guenther ◽  
José Oscar W. Vega Bustillos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Age ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Isoprene Emission ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Central Amazonia ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Emission Capacity

Abstract. Isoprene fluxes vary seasonally with changes in environmental factors (e.g., solar radiation and temperature) and biological factors (e.g., leaf phenology). However, our understanding of the seasonal patterns of isoprene fluxes and the associated mechanistic controls is still limited, especially in Amazonian evergreen forests. In this paper, we aim to connect intensive, field-based measurements of canopy isoprene flux over a central Amazonian evergreen forest site with meteorological observations and with tower-mounted camera leaf phenology to improve our understanding of patterns and causes of isoprene flux seasonality. Our results demonstrate that the highest isoprene emissions are observed during the dry and dry-to-wet transition seasons, whereas the lowest emissions were found during the wet-to-dry transition season. Our results also indicate that light and temperature cannot totally explain isoprene flux seasonality. Instead, the camera-derived leaf area index (LAI) of recently mature leaf age class (e.g., leaf ages of 3–5 months) exhibits the highest correlation with observed isoprene flux seasonality (R2=0.59, p<0.05). Attempting to better represent leaf phenology in the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN 2.1), we improved the leaf age algorithm by utilizing results from the camera-derived leaf phenology that provided LAI categorized into three different leaf ages. The model results show that the observations of age-dependent isoprene emission capacity, in conjunction with camera-derived leaf age demography, significantly improved simulations in terms of seasonal variations in isoprene fluxes (R2=0.52, p<0.05). This study highlights the importance of accounting for differences in isoprene emission capacity across canopy leaf age classes and identifying forest adaptive mechanisms that underlie seasonal variation in isoprene emissions in Amazonia.

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