Spatial Snowdrift Modeling for an Open Natural Terrain using a Physically‐based Linear Particle Distribution Equation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki Ohara ◽  
Siwei He ◽  
Andrew D. Parsekian ◽  
Benjamin M. Jones ◽  
Rodrigo C. Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Natural Terrain ◽  
Distribution Equation

A Cockroach-Like Hexapod Robot for Natural Terrain Locomotion

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall D. Beer ◽  
Roger Quinn ◽  
Roy Ritzmann ◽  
Hillel Chiel
Keyword(s):  
Hexapod Robot ◽  
Natural Terrain

Enhancing Toughness of Particulate Aluminum Composites Via Tailoring Inhomogeneous Particle Distribution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Xuexi Zhang ◽  
Mingfang Qian ◽  
Aibin Li ◽  
Lin Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Aluminum Composites

DETERMINISTIC APPROACH TO WATERSHED MODELING

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID A. WOOLHISER
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Conservation Of Mass ◽  
Hydrologic Process ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Initial And Boundary Conditions

Physically-based, deterministic models, are considered in this paper. Physically-based, in that the models have a theoretical structure based primarily on the laws of conservation of mass, energy, or momentum; deterministic in the sense that when initial and boundary conditions and inputs are specified, the output is known with certainty. This type of model attempts to describe the structure of a particular hydrologic process and is therefore helpful in predicting what will happen when some change occurs in the system.

Liver Radioembolization: An Analysis of Parameters that Influence the Catheter-Based Particle-Delivery via CFD

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1600-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Aramburu ◽  
Raúl Antón ◽  
Alejandro Rivas ◽  
Juan C. Ramos ◽  
Bruno Sangro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Radioactive Microspheres ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Hemodynamic Pattern ◽  
Valuable Treatment ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

Radioembolization (RE) is a valuable treatment for liver cancer. It consists of administering radioactive microspheres by an intra-arterially placed catheter with the aim of lodging these microspheres, which are driven by the bloodstream, in the tumoral bed. Even though it is a safe treatment, some radiation-induced complications may arise. In trying to detect or solve the possible incidences that cause nontarget irradiation, simulating the particle- hemodynamics in hepatic arteries during RE by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools has become a valuable approach. This paper reviews the parameters that influence the outcome of RE and that have been studied via numerical simulations. In this numerical approach, the outcome of RE is regarded as successful if particles reach the artery branches that feed tumor-bearing liver segments. Up to 10 parameters have been reviewed. The variation of each parameter actually alters the hemodynamic pattern in the vicinities of the catheter tip and locally alters the incorporation of the particles into the bloodstream. Therefore, in general, the local influences of these parameters should result in global differences in terms of particle distribution in the hepatic artery branches. However, it has been observed that under some (qualitatively described) appropriate conditions where particles align with blood streamlines, the local influence resulting from a variation of a given parameter vanishes and no global differences are observed. Furthermore, the increasing number of CFD studies on RE suggests that numerical simulations have become an invaluable research tool in the study of RE.

Kinetic theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Deruelle ◽  
Jean-Philippe Uzan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Liouville Equation ◽  
Vlasov Equation ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Poisson Brackets ◽  
Hamiltonian Form ◽  
First Order ◽  
Number Of Particles

This chapter covers the equations governing the evolution of particle distribution and relates the macroscopic thermodynamical quantities to the distribution function. The motion of N particles is governed by 6N equations of motion of first order in time, written in either Hamiltonian form or in terms of Poisson brackets. Thus, as this chapter shows, as the number of particles grows it becomes necessary to resort to a statistical description. The chapter first introduces the Liouville equation, which states the conservation of the probability density, before turning to the Boltzmann–Vlasov equation. Finally, it discusses the Jeans equations, which are the equations obtained by taking various averages over velocities.

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