Hydraulic Redistribution by Deeply Rooted Grasses and its Ecohydrologic Implications in the Southern Great Plains of North America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Oerter ◽  
Eric Slessarev ◽  
Ate Visser ◽  
Kyungjin Min ◽  
Megan Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Hydraulic Redistribution ◽  
Southern Great Plains

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Seasonal Soil Moisture Drought Onset and Termination in the Southern Great Plains

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Seager ◽  
Jennifer Nakamura ◽  
Mingfang Ting
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Moisture Change ◽  
Southern Plains ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Over Time

AbstractMechanisms of drought onset and termination are examined across North America with a focus on the southern Plains using data from land surface models and regional and global reanalyses for 1979–2017. Continental-scale analysis of covarying patterns reveals a tight coupling between soil moisture change over time and intervening precipitation anomalies. The southern Great Plains are a geographic center of patterns of hydrologic change. Drying is induced by atmospheric wave trains that span the Pacific and North America and place northerly flow anomalies above the southern Plains. In the southern Plains winter is least likely, and fall most likely, for drought onset and spring is least likely, and fall or summer most likely, for drought termination. Southern Plains soil moisture itself, which integrates precipitation over time, has a clear relationship to tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies with cold conditions favoring dry soils. Soil moisture change, however, though clearly driven by precipitation, has a weaker relation to SSTs and a strong relation to internal atmospheric variability. Little evidence is found of connection of drought onset and termination to driving by temperature anomalies. An analysis of particular drought onsets and terminations on the seasonal time scale reveals commonalities in terms of circulation and moisture transport anomalies over the southern Plains but a variety of ways in which these are connected into the large-scale atmosphere and ocean state. Some onsets are likely to be quite predictable due to forcing by cold tropical Pacific SSTs (e.g., fall 2010). Other onsets and all terminations are likely not predictable in terms of ocean conditions.

scholarly journals Two new species of Heteranthera (Pontederiaceae) in North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Charles N. Horn
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species are here described as segregates from Heteranthera multiflora. Heteranthera missouriensis sp. nov. has 5–13 flowers on an elongate floral axis, lavender to purplish flowers, a smaller perianth with the tube 3–5 mm long and lobes 3–4.5 mm long; it is common in the southern Great Plains of North America. Heteranthera pauciflora sp. nov. has 3–6 flowers on a shortened floral axis, commonly enclosed by the subtending spathe, white to light lavender flowers with the tube 8–10 mm long; it is known from the Atlantic coast from New Jersey to North Carolina. A taxonomic key to all species of the genus in North America, and a modified description of Heteranthera multiflora, are provided.

scholarly journals Grassland vegetation and bird communities in the southern Great Plains of North America

2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Chapman ◽  
David M. Engle ◽  
Ronald E. Masters ◽  
David M. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Southern Great Plains

The Prehistoric Migrations of the Cherokee

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay W. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Fort Ancient

This article presents a reassessment of archaeological and anthropological articles, lexicostatistical glottochronology, genetic probability affinities, and traditional Cherokee legends to describe the origin and migrations of the Cherokee people. The scenario begins with the Cherokee migrating from their first homeland in middle North America along the Mississippi River to the Greater Southwest around 2800 B. P. Then they began migrating to the southern Great Plains around A.D. 900. A third migration around A.D. 1500 brought them to the Fort Ancient region along the Ohio River. By A.D. 1600, hostile neighbors forced them south across the Ohio River into the Allegheny Mountain ranges of the Southeast. Finally in the late A.D. 1830s, the Cherokee were forced to migrate back to their ancestral homeland in Arkansas and Oklahoma.

Staurothele nemorum sp. nov. (Ascomycota: Verrucariaceae), with a revised key to North American Staurothele s. lat.

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb A. MORSE ◽  
Douglas LADD
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
North American ◽  
The South ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Great Plains

AbstractStaurothele nemorum is described as new to science from the southern Great Plains of central North America. The species is characterized by a thin, areolate, epilithic thallus, sessile perithecia, globose to oblong hymenial algal cells and 8-spored asci. Staurothele hymenogonia is restored to the North American flora, based on material from the south-western Great Plains. An updated key to North American members of Staurothele s. lat. is provided.

Lecanora inaurata, a new member of theL. subfuscagroup from central North America

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb A. MORSE ◽  
Douglas LADD
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Edwards Plateau ◽  
Southern Great Plains

AbstractLecanora inaurata, a corticolous member of theL.subfuscagroup, is described as new to science. This species is characterized by typically epruinose, reddish brown apothecial discs, achlarotera-type epihymenium,pulicaris-type amphithecium, and chloroatranorin and zeorin as major constituents, often with accessory calycin in the thalline margins of the apothecia, imparting a distinctive yellow halo appearance when present in sufficient concentrations.Lecanora inaurataoccurs in open hardwood-dominated woodlands of the Edwards Plateau and grasslands of the southern Great Plains in Oklahoma and Texas.

Environmental significance of 13C/12C and 18O/16O ratios of modern land-snail shells from the southern great plains of North America

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Balakrishnan ◽  
Crayton J. Yapp ◽  
James L. Theler ◽  
Brian J. Carter ◽  
Don G. Wyckoff
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Neighborhood Scale

13C/12C and 18O/16O ratios of aragonite shells of modern land snails from the southern Great Plains of North America were measured for samples from twelve localities in a narrow east–west corridor that extended from the Flint Hills in North Central Oklahoma to the foothills of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Northern New Mexico, USA. Across the study area, shell δ18O values (PDB scale) ranged from −4.1‰ to 1.2‰, while δ13C values ranged from −13.2‰ to 0.0‰. δ18O values of the shell aragonite were predicted with a published, steady state, evaporative flux balance model. The predicted values differed (with one exception) by less than 1‰ from locality averages of measured δ18O values. This similarity suggests that relative humidity at the time of snail activity is an important control on the δ18O values of the aragonite and emphasizes the seasonal nature of the climatic information preserved in the shells. Correlated δ13C values of coexisting Vallonia and Gastrocopta suggest similar feeding habits and imply that these genera can provide information on variations in southern Great Plains plant ecology. Although there is considerable scatter, multispecies, transect average δ13C values of the modern aragonite shells are related to variations in the type of photosynthesis (i.e., C3, C4) in the local plant communities. The results of this study emphasize the desirability of obtaining isotope ratios representing averages of many shells in a locale to reduce possible biases associated with local variations among individuals, species, etc., and thus better represent the “neighborhood” scale temporal and/or spatial environmental variations of interest in studies of modern and ancient systems.

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