Application of 1D paleo-fluvial process modelling at a basin scale to augment sparse borehole data: example of a Permian formation in the Galilee Basin, Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1624-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjiao Jiang ◽  
Gregoire Mariethoz ◽  
Matthias Raiber ◽  
Wendy Timms ◽  
Malcolm Cox
Keyword(s):  
Process Modelling ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Fluvial Process ◽  
Basin Scale

scholarly journals Identifying Changes in Sediment Texture along an Ephemeral Gravel-Bed Stream Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography 2D and 3D

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3030
Author(s):  
Marcos A. Martínez-Segura ◽  
Carmelo Conesa-García ◽  
Pedro Pérez-Cutillas ◽  
Pedro Martínez-Pagán ◽  
Marco D. Vásconez-Maza
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Sediment Texture ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Gravel Bed ◽  
Basin Scale

Differences in deposit geometry and texture with depth along ephemeral gravel-bed streams strongly reflect fluctuations in bedload which are due to environmental changes at the basin scale and to morphological channel adjustments. This study combines electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with datasets from borehole logs to analyse the internal geometry of channel cross-sections in a gravel-bed ephemeral stream (southeast Spain). The survey was performed through longitudinal and transverse profiles in the upper channel stretch, of 14 to 30 m in length and 3 to 6 m in depth, approximately. ERT values were correlated with data on sediment texture as grain size distribution, effective grain sizes, sorting, and particle shape (Zingg’s classification). The alluvial channel-fills showed the superposition of four layers with uneven thickness and arrangement: (1) the softer rocky substrate (<1000 Ω.m); (2) a thicker intermediate layer (1000 to 2000 Ω.m); and (3) an upper set composed of coarse gravel and supported matrix, ranging above 2000 Ω.m, and a narrow subsurface layer, which is the most resistive (>5000 Ω.m), corresponding to the most recent armoured deposits (gravel and pebbles). The ERT results coupled with borehole data allowed for determining the horizontal and vertical behaviour of the materials in a 3D model, facilitating the layer identification.

scholarly journals Thermo-mechanical and stratigraphic numerical forward modelling: recent advances and their joint application in the Pannonian Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Attila Balázs ◽  
Liviu Matenco ◽  
Didier Granjeon
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Numerical Code ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Lithospheric Flexure ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Modelling Techniques

Basin analysis and subsidence history provide key insights into sedimentary basin forming mechanisms. Direct observations have long been the only source of information on their thermal and lithological architecture. State of the art modelling techniques today enable the prediction and computation of their formation and evolution constrained by geological field observations, geophysical and deep borehole data. Understanding the inherent connections between large-scale tectonic and local basin-scale surface processes requires the joint application of thermo-mechanical and stratigraphic modelling techniques. To this aim, we combined the thermo-mechanical lithospheric-scale numerical code Flamar and the high-resolution 3D deterministic stratigraphic software DionisosFlow. This joint modelling method quantifies forcing factors, such as crustal and lithospheric thinning, lithospheric flexure, sea-level and climatic variations associated with water and sediment influx and sediment compaction. The modelling shows the migration of extensional deformation in space and time creating deep half-grabens. After a rapid uplift event, the subsequent post-rift times are characterized by continuous kilometre-scale differential vertical movements. The modelled tectonic subsidence and uplift rates and half-graben geometries are imported into the 3D stratigraphic modelling code. Our modelling of a 120 km × 150 km area shows that such scenarios are associated with continental alluvial to shallow-water sedimentation and footwall erosion during the early stages of the syn-rift, followed by rapid deepening during the subsequent syn-rift evolution. Finally, the basins are filled by a large-scale prograding shelf-margin slope system during the post-rift times. We differentiate between unconformities caused by tectonics, sea-level variations or auto-cyclic processes. Our tectonic and stratigraphic results are compared with geological and geophysical constraints from the Pannonian Basin of Central Europe.

Observed seasonal regimes of North-South Atlantic Ocean interbasin exchange

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed D. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Volume Flux ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Interbasin Exchange ◽  
North And South

North and South Atlantic lateral volume exchange is a key component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) embedded in Earth’s climate. Northward AMOC heat transport within this exchange mitigates the large heat loss to the atmosphere in the northern North Atlantic. Because of inadequate climate data, observational basin-scale studies of net interbasin exchange between the North and South Atlantic have been limited. Here ten independent climate datasets, five satellite-derived and five analyses, are synthesized to show that North and South Atlantic climatological net lateral volume exchange is partitioned into two seasonal regimes. From late-May to late-November, net lateral volume flux is from the North to the South Atlantic; whereas from late-November to late-May, net lateral volume flux is from the South to the North Atlantic. This climatological characterization offers a framework for assessing seasonal variations in these basins and provides a constraint for climate models that simulate AMOC dynamics.

Innovative Tools for Water Quality Management and Policy Analysis: Desert and Streamplan

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Carlo De Marchi ◽  
Pavel Ivanov ◽  
Ari Jolma ◽  
Ilia Masliev ◽  
Mark Griffin Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Alternative Water

This paper presents the major features of two decision support systems (DSS) for river water quality modeling and policy analysis recently developed at the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), DESERT and STREAMPLAN. DESERT integrates in a single package data management, model calibration, simulation, optimization and presentation of results. DESERT has the flexibility to allow the specification of both alternative water quality models and flow hydraulics for different branches of the same river basin. Specification of these models can be done interactively through Microsoft® Windows commands and menus and an easy to use interpreted language. Detailed analysis of the effects of parameter uncertainty on water quality results is integrated into DESERT. STREAMPLAN, on the other hand, is an integrated, easy-to-use software system for analyzing alternative water quality management policies on a river basin level. These policies include uniform emission reduction and effluent standard based strategies, ambient water quality and least-cost strategies, total emission reduction under minimized costs, mixed strategies, local and regional policies, and strategies with economic instruments. A distinctive feature of STREAMPLAN is the integration of a detailed model of municipal wastewater generation with a water quality model and policy analysis tools on a river basin scale.

Main topics and recent experiences for environmental monitoring and modelling diffuse pollution

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Federico Preti
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Field Monitoring ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Nonpoint Pollution ◽  
Nonpoint Sources ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Basin Scale

Monitoring and modelling are two complementary instruments necessary for the analysis of pollution phenomena, such as groundwater contamination and lakes eutrophication, often generated by diffuse (nonpoint) sources (NPS). A review of scientific literature has been conducted to obtain the information necessary to develop a correct methodology relative to environmental field monitoring and modelling agricultural nonpoint pollution. A questionnaire has been handed out to several researchers who are involved in this research field in order to learn of other pertinent activities being undertaken and to facilitate the exchange of information. Testing and verification of a methodology for the analysis of contamination caused by the use of agrochemicals, based on field monitoring studies and the application of a distributed nonpoint pollution model, have been conducted in Italy. Based on the research developed and practical experience, some of the main guidelines for conducting studies of pollution processes caused by agriculture as well as a summary of theoretical and practical aspects encountered in the design of field and basin scale model validation studies and in the use of published experimental results to test models can be proposed.

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