scholarly journals Assessment of future groundwater recharge in semi-arid regions under climate change scenarios (Serral-Salinas aquifer, SE Spain). Could increased rainfall variability increase the recharge rate?

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pulido-Velazquez ◽  
José Luis García-Aróstegui ◽  
Jose-Luis Molina ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Velazquez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Recharge Rate ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Normalized difference vegetation index as the dominant predicting factor of groundwater recharge in phreatic aquifers: case studies across Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Parizi ◽  
Seiyed Mossa Hosseini ◽  
Behzad Ataie-Ashtiani ◽  
Craig T. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Recharge Rate ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Phreatic Aquifers ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract The estimation of long-term groundwater recharge rate ($${GW}_{r}$$ GW r ) is a pre-requisite for efficient management of groundwater resources, especially for arid and semi-arid regions. Precise estimation of $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r is probably the most difficult factor of all measurements in the evaluation of GW resources, particularly in semi-arid regions in which the recharge rate is typically small and/or regions with scarce hydrogeological data. The main objective of this study is to find and assess the predicting factors of $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r at an aquifer scale. For this purpose, 325 Iran’s phreatic aquifers (61% of Iran’s aquifers) were selected based on the data availability and the effect of eight predicting factors were assessed on $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r estimation. The predicting factors considered include Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), mean annual temperature ($$T$$ T ), the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration ($${P/ET}_{P}$$ P / E T P ), drainage density ($${D}_{d}$$ D d ), mean annual specific discharge ($${Q}_{s}$$ Q s ), Mean Slope ($$S$$ S ), Soil Moisture ($${SM}_{90}$$ SM 90 ), and population density ($${Pop}_{d}$$ Pop d ). The local and global Moran’s I index, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and two-step cluster analysis served to support the spatial analysis of the results. The eight predicting factors considered are positively correlated to $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r and the NDVI has the greatest influence followed by the $$P/{ET}_{P}$$ P / ET P and $${SM}_{90}$$ SM 90 . In the regression model, NDVI solely explained 71% of the variation in $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r , while other drivers have only a minor modification (3.6%). The results of this study provide new insight into the complex interrelationship between $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r and vegetation density indicated by the NDVI. The findings of this study can help in better estimation of $${GW}_{r}$$ GW r especially for the phreatic aquifers that the hydrogeological ground-data requisite for establishing models are scarce.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Water, Environmental, Economic and Social Vulnerability of a Watershed to the Potential Effects of Climate Change and Land Use Change

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Ismael Orozco ◽  
Adrián Martínez ◽  
Víctor Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid regions, where hydrological resources are very vulnerable and where there are water shortages in many regions of the world, it is of great importance to assess the vulnerability that a system is facing or will face to the potential impacts of climatic changes and changes on the use of land. For that reason, this research focuses on evaluating the global vulnerability of a hydrological basin, taking into consideration these changes. Being different from the existing methodologies that assess the vulnerability, our methodology interconnects through a new interface a distributed hydrological model, global climate models, climate change scenarios, land use change scenarios and the largest number of system variables calculated with information from official sources. Another important point of our methodology is that it quantifies the global vulnerability of the system, taking into consideration hydrological, environmental, economic and social vulnerabilities. The results obtained show that the proposed methodology may provide a new approach to analyze vulnerability in semi-arid regions. Moreover, it made it possible to diagnose and establish that the greatest current and future vulnerabilities of the system are the result of activities in agricultural areas and urban centers.

scholarly journals Gendered vulnerabilities to climate change: insights from the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitya Rao ◽  
Elaine T. Lawson ◽  
Wapula N. Raditloaneng ◽  
Divya Solomon ◽  
Margaret N. Angula
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Extreme rainfall deficits were not the cause of recurring colonial era famines of southern Indian semi-arid regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjini Ray ◽  
Atreyee Bhattacharya ◽  
Gaurav Arora ◽  
Kushank Bajaj ◽  
Keyle Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Regional Rainfall ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Rainfall Deficits

AbstractUsing information contained in the eighteenth to twentieth century British administrative documents, preserved in the National Archives of India (NAI), we present a 218-year (1729–1947 AD) record of socioeconomic disruptions and human impacts (famines) associated with ‘rain failures’ that affected the semi-arid regions (SARs) of southern India. By mapping the southern Indian famine record onto long-term spatiotemporal measures of regional rainfall variability, we demonstrate that the SARs of southern India repeatedly experienced famines when annual rainfall reduced by ~ one standard deviation (1 SD), or more, from long-term averages. In other words, ‘rain failures’ listed in the colonial documents as causes of extreme socioeconomic disruptions, food shortages and human distress (famines) in the southern Indian SARs were fluctuations in precipitation well within the normal range of regional rainfall variability and not extreme rainfall deficits (≥ 3 SD). Our study demonstrates that extreme climate events were not necessary conditions for extreme socioeconomic disruptions and human impacts rendered by the colonial era famines in peninsular India. Based on our findings, we suggest that climate change risk assessement should consider the potential impacts of more frequent low-level anomalies (e.g. 1 SD) in drought prone semi-arid regions.

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