Unsuppressed serum albumin levels may jeopardize the clinical relevance of the international staging system to patients with light chain myeloma

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-800
Author(s):  
Tetsuhiro Kasamatsu ◽  
Shuji Ozaki ◽  
Takayuki Saitoh ◽  
Jun Konishi ◽  
Kazutaka Sunami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Staging System ◽  
International Staging System

Impact of Serum Albumin and B2-Microglobulin level on 2-Year Overall Survival among Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients: A retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherian Salama ◽  
Rodaina Yousef ◽  
Asma Al Olama ◽  
Mahmoud Marashi ◽  
Hana Salama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
International Staging System ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin

Background: Multiple myeloma accounts for 1% of all cancers and approximately 10% of all hematologic malignancies. Evaluation and initial staging of the disease is made once the diagnosis is confirmed. The recommended staging system is the International Staging System (ISS). Which determines the Myeloma prognosis by 2 factors: beta-2 Microglobulin and Serum albumin. Goal and Objective: The main goal of this study is to assess the effect of Beta-2 microglobulin and Serum albumin on patient’s survival rate with Multiple Myeloma. The secondary objective is to compare the age at diagnosis with other literature. Methodology: The current study was carried out in Hematology Unit, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, Dubai Health Authority (DHA), United Arab Emirates. Chart review was done retrospectively for 49 newly diagnosed patients with Multiple Myeloma diagnosed between the period 2012-2016. Purposive sample was used to those patients who met the inclusion criteria of this study, to be diagnosed and treated in DH. diagnosed and received regular treatment in Dubai Hospital. Results: Medina follow-up of the patients in this study was (12.8) months. The 2-year overall survival rate for patients with Multiple Myeloma (n = 49) was approximately 80%. While, the 2-year OS rate based on Albumin level. Patients with albumin level > 3.5 mg\dl was significantly higher compared to those who had an albumin level <3.5 mg\dl. 100%, 65% respectively, P = 0.033. Moreover, the 2-year OS rate in terms B2MG level. Patients who had a B2MG < 3.5 mg\dl OS was slightly higher compared to those who had (3.5-5.5 and 5.5 mg\dl). OS rate approximately 85 %, 80 % and 75 respectively, P = .737 Conclusion: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a very heterogeneous disease. For this reason, various prognostic factors and staging systems have been developed to predict the disease outcome. International Staging System (ISS) is very useful in determine the survival based on serum β2- microglobulin and serum albumin levels. The age at diagnosis in Dubai hospital, United Arab Emirates is much younger compared to other studies conducted worldwide. The sample used in the study was also highly diverse in terms of culture and nationality. Such diversity is largely typical in Gulf especially in United Arab Emirates. Therefore, this can play important role in age at diagnosis.

Free Light Chain Ratio As a Simple Prognostic Marker in a Single Institution Experience

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5320-5320
Author(s):  
Camila Pena ◽  
Javier Voisin ◽  
Alexis Peralta ◽  
Manuela Ortiz ◽  
Viviana Balboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Free Light Chain ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Study Population ◽  
International Staging System

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by bone marrow plasma cell infiltration and the secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) in the serum or urine. Median survival in MM patients is approximately 5 years and significant morbidity may be experienced. The course is progressive and although, always incurable, the prognosis is highly variable. The two more widely used staging systems in MM are by Durie and Salmon and the International Staging System (ISS). Others have been studied, including serum free light chain (sFLC) concentrations and ratio (sFLCr). Methods: We measured sFLC in 27 newly diagnosed MM (21 Intact Ig MM, 5 light chain MM, 1 non secretory MM) at our center (Hospital del Salvador, Santiago de Chile) from October 2013 until June 2015. The sFLCr was calculated with the involved monoclonal light chain as the numerator. The median sFLCr was 17. Patients were divided into a "low group" (<17 sFLCr) and a "high group" (>17 sFLCr). We also analyzed these patients using the cut off (sFLCr of 50) previously reported by Garcia de Veas Silva et al. [Hematology reports 2015; 7 (s1) p23] The median follow-up was 16 months. Results: During the period of study there were 8 deaths (29,7%). Seven (87,5%) of these deaths presented with an ISS score of 3 (table 1). Mortality rates were lower in the group of patients with "low" sFLCr (15,3%, 2 deaths in a group of 13 patients), as compared to patients with a "high" sFLCr (42,9%, 6 deaths in a group of 14 patients) (table 2). Using the cutoff established by Garcia de Veas Silva et al, the mortality rate for patients with sFLCr >50 was 66,7% vs. 11,1% in for patients in the <50 sFLCr group (table 3). Discussion: Although a short follow up period was available for analysis, we believe these results are promising. sFLCr can be used as an easy prognostic indicator in newly diagnosed, symptomatic MM, especially when high risk patients (>50 sFLCr) are identified. The introduction of biomarkers in the evaluation of MM patients will enable better risk assessment and rational follow up. Table 1. International Staging System. Stratification of our study population. ISS N Patients N Deaths Mortality (%) 1 2 0 0 2 12 1 8,3 3 13 7 53,9 Table 2. Mortality rate in our study population using the median sFLCr as a cut off value. Mortality MM N Patients N Deaths Mortality (%) All 27 8 29,6 sFLCr>17 14 6 42,9 sFLCr<17 13 2 15,4 Table 3. Mortality rate in our population using the published cut off sFLCr value. Mortality MM N Patients N Deaths Mortality (%) All 27 8 29,6 sFLCr>50 9 6 66,7 sFLCr<50 18 2 11,1 Disclosures Delgado: The Binding Site: Employment.

Clinical Impact of Discordance in Serum Albumin Measurements on Myeloma International Staging System

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 4051-4052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kapoor ◽  
Christine L.H. Snozek ◽  
Colin Colby ◽  
Dirk R. Larson ◽  
Jerry A. Katzmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
International Staging System

scholarly journals Prognostic value of the serum free light chain ratio in newly diagnosed myeloma: proposed incorporation into the international staging system

Leukemia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1933-1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L H Snozek ◽  
J A Katzmann ◽  
R A Kyle ◽  
A Dispenzieri ◽  
D R Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Free Light Chain ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Serum Free Light Chain ◽  
International Staging System

International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 3412-3420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. Greipp ◽  
Jesus San Miguel ◽  
Brian G.M. Durie ◽  
John J. Crowley ◽  
Bart Barlogie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
North America ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
International Staging System

Purpose There is a need for a simple, reliable staging system for multiple myeloma that can be applied internationally for patient classification and stratification. Patients and Methods Clinical and laboratory data were gathered on 10,750 previously untreated symptomatic myeloma patients from 17 institutions, including sites in North America, Europe, and Asia. Potential prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate techniques. Three modeling approaches were then explored to develop a staging system including two nontree and one tree survival assessment methodologies. Results Serum beta2-microglobulin (Sβ2M), serum albumin, platelet count, serum creatinine, and age emerged as powerful predictors of survival and were then used in the tree analysis approach. A combination of Sβ2M and serum albumin provided the simplest, most powerful and reproducible three-stage classification. This new International Staging System (ISS) was validated in the remaining patients and consists of the following stages: stage I, Sβ2M less than 3.5 mg/L plus serum albumin ≥ 3.5 g/dL (median survival, 62 months); stage II, neither stage I nor III (median survival, 44 months); and stage III, Sβ2M ≥ 5.5 mg/L (median survival, 29 months). The ISS system was further validated by demonstrating effectiveness in patients in North America, Europe, and Asia; in patients less than and ≥ 65 years of age; in patients with standard therapy or autotransplantation; and in comparison with the Durie/Salmon staging system. Conclusion The new ISS is simple, based on easy to use variables (Sβ2M and serum albumin), and recommended for early adoption and widespread use.

scholarly journals Comprehensive evaluation of the revised international staging system in multiple myeloma patients treated with novel agents as a primary therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1280-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungwoo Cho ◽  
Dok Hyun Yoon ◽  
Jung Bok Lee ◽  
Sung-Yong Kim ◽  
Joon Ho Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Novel Agents ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
International Staging System

scholarly journals Development and validation of a survival staging system incorporating BNP in patients with light chain amyloidosis

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lilleness ◽  
Frederick L. Ruberg ◽  
Roberta Mussinelli ◽  
Gheorghe Doros ◽  
Vaishali Sanchorawala
Keyword(s):  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Iiib ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Derivation Cohort

Abstract Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL amyloidosis) is caused by misfolded light chains that form soluble toxic aggregates that deposit in tissues and organs, leading to organ dysfunction. The leading determinant of survival is cardiac involvement. Current staging systems use N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponins T and I (TnT and TnI) for prognostication, but many centers do not offer NT-proBNP. We sought to derive a new staging system using brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) that would correlate with the Mayo 2004 staging system and be predictive for survival in AL amyloidosis. Two cohorts of patients were created: a derivation cohort of 249 consecutive patients who had BNP, NT-proBNP, and TnI drawn simultaneously to create the staging system and a complementary cohort of 592 patients with 10 years of follow-up to determine survival. In the derivation cohort, we found that a BNP threshold of more than 81 pg/mL best associated with Mayo 2004 stage and also best identified cardiac involvement. Three stages were developed based on a BNP higher than 81 pg/mL and a TnI higher than 0.1 ng/mL and compared with Mayo 2004 with high concordance (κ = 0.854). In the complementary cohort, 25% of patients had stage I, 44% had stage II, 15% had stage III, and 16% had stage IIIb disease with a median survival not reached in stage I, 9.4 years in stage II, 4.3 years in stage III, and 1 year in stage IIIb. This new Boston University biomarker scoring system will allow centers without access to NT-proBNP the ability to appropriately stage patients with AL amyloidosis. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00898235.

Chronic kidney disease stage 5 as the prognostic complement of International Staging System for multiple myeloma

2011 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Tsai Hsiao ◽  
Ching-Fen Yang ◽  
Sheng-Hsiang Yang ◽  
Jyh-Pyng Gau ◽  
Yuan-Bin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
International Staging System
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