Aberrant slow waves in the hippocampus during activation in mice with low cholinergic tone

Hippocampus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Stan Leung ◽  
Liangwei Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Slow Waves ◽  
Cholinergic Tone

Back to the roots? Phytopharmaka modulieren Amplitude und Frequenz der „slow-waves“ am Dünndarm

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Storr ◽  
A Sibaev ◽  
J Schirra ◽  
D Weiser ◽  
O Kelber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Waves

Electrical activity of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana C. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Ventromedial Nucleus ◽  
Spontaneous Electrical Activity ◽  
Pentobarbital Anesthesia

The spontaneous electrical activity of the ventromedial nucleus was studied in the cat under pentobarbital anesthesia and in the unanesthetized, unrestrained state. Under light pentobarbital anesthesia the activity of the nucleus is characterized by a predominant 9–15 cps, 50–100 µv component which is uniform from second to second. With small additional doses of anesthesia there is a selective depression of this activity; with recovery from light anesthesia this activity is gradually replaced by irregular, large, slow waves characteristic of sleep. When the unanesthetized animal is aroused 20–35 cps activity having an amplitude of 40 µv or more appears in the nucleus. While the pattern of activity during sleep resembles that seen elsewhere in the hypothalamus, the activity seen during barbiturate anesthesia and during arousal is confined to the nucleus and not seen in other parts of the diencephalon.

scholarly journals The Aging Slow Wave: A Shifting Amalgam of Distinct Slow Wave and Spindle Coupling Subtypes Define Slow Wave Sleep Across the Human Lifespan

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice V McConnell ◽  
Eugene Kronberg ◽  
Peter D Teale ◽  
Stefan H Sillau ◽  
Grace M Fishback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Human Lifespan ◽  
Development And Aging

Abstract Study Objectives Slow wave and spindle coupling supports memory consolidation, and loss of coupling is linked with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Coupling is proposed to be a possible biomarker of neurological disease, yet little is known about the different subtypes of coupling that normally occur throughout human development and aging. Here we identify distinct subtypes of spindles within slow wave upstates and describe their relationships with sleep stage across the human lifespan. Methods Coupling within a cross-sectional cohort of 582 subjects was quantified from stages N2 and N3 sleep across ages 6-88 years old. Results were analyzed across the study population via mixed model regression. Within a subset of subjects, we further utilized coupling to identify discrete subtypes of slow waves by their coupled spindles. Results Two different subtypes of spindles were identified during the upstates of (distinct) slow waves: an “early-fast” spindle, more common in stage N2 sleep, and a “late-fast” spindle, more common in stage N3. We further found stages N2 and N3 sleep contain a mixture of discrete subtypes of slow waves, each identified by their unique coupled-spindle timing and frequency. The relative contribution of coupling subtypes shifts across the human lifespan, and a deeper sleep phenotype prevails with increasing age. Conclusions Distinct subtypes of slow waves and coupled spindles form the composite of slow wave sleep. Our findings support a model of sleep-dependent synaptic regulation via discrete slow wave/spindle coupling subtypes and advance a conceptual framework for the development of coupling-based biomarkers in age-associated neurological disease.

scholarly journals Association of transcranial Doppler blood flow velocity slow waves with delayed cerebral ischemia in patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilios E. Papaioannou ◽  
Karol P. Budohoski ◽  
Michal M. Placek ◽  
Zofia Czosnyka ◽  
Peter Smielewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Delayed Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Slow Waves

Abstract Background Cerebral vasospasm (VS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) constitute major complications following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A few studies have examined the relationship between different indices of cerebrovascular dynamics with the occurrence of VS. However, their potential association with the development of DCI remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the pattern of changes of different transcranial Doppler (TCD)-derived indices of cerebrovascular dynamics during vasospasm in patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage, dichotomized by the presence of delayed cerebral ischemia. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed using recordings from 32 SAH patients, diagnosed with VS. Patients were divided in two groups, depending on development of DCI. Magnitude of slow waves (SWs) of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) was measured. Cerebral autoregulation was estimated using the moving correlation coefficient Mxa. Cerebral arterial time constant (tau) was expressed as the product of resistance and compliance. Complexity of CBFV was estimated through measurement of sample entropy (SampEn). Results In the whole population (N = 32), magnitude of SWs of ipsilateral to VS side CBFV was higher during vasospasm (4.15 ± 1.55 vs before: 2.86 ± 1.21 cm/s, p < 0.001). Ipsilateral SWs of CBFV before VS had higher magnitude in DCI group (N = 19, p < 0.001) and were strongly predictive of DCI, with area under the curve (AUC) = 0.745 (p = 0.02). Vasospasm caused a non-significant shortening of ipsilateral values of tau and increase in SampEn in all patients related to pre-VS measurements, as well as an insignificant increase of Mxa in DCI related to non-DCI group (N = 13). Conclusions In patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage, TCD-detected VS was associated with higher ipsilateral CBFV SWs, related to pre-VS measurements. Higher CBFV SWs before VS were significantly predictive of delayed cerebral ischemia.

Qualitative analysis of a model for synaptic slow waves

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Schneider ◽  
B. Wegner ◽  
J. T�th
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Slow Waves
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