Biological sex influences learning strategy preference and muscarinic receptor binding in specific brain regions of prepubertal rats

Hippocampus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin M. Grissom ◽  
Wayne R. Hawley ◽  
Kelly S. Hodges ◽  
Jessica M. Fawcett-Patel ◽  
Gary P. Dohanich
Keyword(s):  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Prepubertal Rats

scholarly journals Imaging Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors in Human Brain in vivo with SPECT, [123I]4-Iododexetimide, and [123I]4-Iodolevetimide

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans W. Müller-Gärtner ◽  
Alan A. Wilson ◽  
Robert F. Dannals ◽  
Henry N. Wagner ◽  
J. James Frost
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Muscarinic Receptors ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nonspecific Binding ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine

A method to image muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (muscarinic receptors) noninvasively in human brain in vivo was developed using [123I]4-iododexetimide ([123I]IDex), [123I]4-iodolevetimide ([123I]ILev), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). [123I]IDex is a high-affinity muscarinic receptor antagonist. [123I]ILev is its pharmacologically inactive enantiomer and measures nonspecific binding of [123I]IDex in vitro. Regional brain activity after tracer injection was measured in four young normal volunteers for 24 h. Regional [123I]IDex and [123I]ILev activities were correlated early after injection, but not after 1.5 h. [123I]IDex activity increased over 7–12 h in neocortex, neostriatum, and thalamus, but decreased immediately after the injection peak in cerebellum. [123I]IDex activity was highest in neostriatum, followed in rank order by neocortex, thalamus, and cerebellum. [123I]IDex activity correlated with muscarinic receptor concentrations in matching brain regions. In contrast, [123I]ILev activity decreased immediately after the injection peak in all brain regions and did not correspond to muscarinic receptor concentrations. [123I]IDex activity in neocortex and neostriatum during equilibrium was six to seven times higher than [123I]ILev activity. The data demonstrate that [123I]IDex binds specifically to muscarinic receptors in vivo, whereas [123I]ILev represents the nonspecific part of [123I]IDex binding. Subtraction of [123I]ILev from [123I]IDex images on a pixel-by-pixel basis therefore reflects specific [123I]IDex binding to muscarinic receptors. Owing to its high specific binding, [123I]IDex has the potential to measure small changes in muscarinic receptor characteristics in vivo with SPECT. The use of stereoisomerism directly to measure nonspecific binding of [123I]IDex in vivo may reduce complexity in modeling approaches to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in human brain.

Characterization of muscarinic receptor binding and inhibition of salivation after oral administration of tolterodine in mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 529 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Oki ◽  
Shuji Maruyama ◽  
Yukiko Takagi ◽  
Henry I. Yamamura ◽  
Shizuo Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Binding

scholarly journals Inhibition of G protein-coupled receptor trafficking in neuroblastoma cells by MAP 4 decoration of microtubules

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (6) ◽  
pp. H2379-H2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangmao Cheng ◽  
Yoshihiro Iijima ◽  
Yuji Ishibashi ◽  
Dhandapani Kuppuswamy ◽  
George Cooper
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Microtubule Network ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
G Protein Coupled

One mechanism for the reappearance of G protein-coupled receptors after agonist activation is microtubule-based transport. In pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy, there is downregulation of G protein-coupled receptors and the appearance of a densified microtubule network extensively decorated by a microtubule-associated protein, MAP 4. Our hypothesis is that overdecoration of a dense microtubule network with this structural protein, as in hypertrophied myocardium, would impede receptor recovery. We tested this hypothesis by studying muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) internalization and recovery after agonist stimulation in neuroblastoma cells. Exposure of cells to carbachol, a muscarinic receptor agonist, decreased membrane receptor binding activity. After carbachol withdrawal, receptor binding recovered toward the initial value. When microtubules were depolymerized before carbachol withdrawal, mAChR recovery was only 44% of that in intact cells. Cells were then infected with an adenovirus containing MAP 4 cDNA. MAP 4 protein decorated the microtubules extensively, and receptor recovery upon carbachol withdrawal was reduced to 54% of control. Thus muscarinic receptor recovery after agonist exposure is microtubule dependent, and MAP 4 decoration of microtubules inhibits receptor recovery.

scholarly journals Neurotransmitter and Receptor Deficits in Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (S4) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Quirion ◽  
J.C. Martel ◽  
Y. Robitaille ◽  
P. Etienne ◽  
P. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Nucleus Basalis ◽  
Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors ◽  
Senile Dementia Of The

Abstract:Multiple neurotransmitter systems are affected in senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT). Among them, acetylcholine has been most studied. It is now well accepted that the activity of the enzyme, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) is much decreased in various brain regions including the frontal and temporal cortices, hippocampus and nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbm) in SDAT. Cortical M2-muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors are also decreased but only in a certain proportion (30-40%) of SDAT patients. For other systems, it appears that cortical serotonin (5-HT)-type 2 receptor binding sites are decreased in SDAT. This diminution in 5-HT2 receptors correlates well with the decreased levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactive materials found in the cortex of SDAT patients. Cortical somatostatin receptor binding sites are decreased in about one third of SDAT patients. Finally, neuropeptide Y and neuropeptide Y receptor binding sites are distributed in areas enriched in cholinergic cell bodies and nerve fiber terminals and it would be of interest to determine possible involvement of this peptide in SDAT. Thus, it appears that multi-drug clinical trials should be considered for the treatment of SDAT.

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