Early life stress followed by subsequent adult chronic stress potentiates anxiety and blunts hippocampal structural remodeling

Hippocampus ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Eiland ◽  
Bruce S. McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Structural Remodeling

scholarly journals 2341

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
Courtney Vaughan ◽  
Bethany Stangl ◽  
Rajita Sinha ◽  
Vijay Ramchandani
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Chronic Stressors ◽  
Stress Interview ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this analysis was to characterize the impact of stress, both early life and chronic, on intravenous alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA) in healthy non-dependent drinkers using the Computer-Assisted Infusion System (CAIS). Personality measures also have shown to impact drinking behavior, particularly impulsivity. Few studies have assessed the impact of stress and impulsivity on drinking behaviors in a non-dependent population. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Healthy non-dependent drinkers (n=28) completed a CAIS session, where they push a button adlib to self-administer standardized IV alcohol infusions. Participants completed the Cumulative Chronic Stress interview and the Early Life Stress Questionnaire (ELSQ) for stress measures. The Cumulative Chronic Stress interview was broken up into 4 sections: major life events, life traumas, recent life events, and chronic stressors. The number of endorsed events was added up to create 4 separate scores. Subjective response and craving measures were collected serially using the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) and Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ). The Impaired Control Scale (ICS) assessed failed control over recent drinking in the past 6 months. Impulsivity was assessed using the NEO personality inventory, which included the N-impulsive sub-facet, as well as the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results showed early life stress events (ELSQ) are related to more chronic stressors in the cumulative chronic stress interview (p=0.005). Participants with higher chronic stress scores showed lower subjective effects, as measured by the DEQ, following the priming exposure (p=0.036) but had more craving for alcohol as measured by the AUQ (p=0.009). A regression analysis showed the number of chronic stressful events predicted ICS failed attempts to control drinking (p=0.034), after covarying for sex. Participants with more chronic stressful events showed more impulsivity on the N-impulsivity measure (p=0.034) and the UPPS-P positive urgency measure (p=0.005). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Non-dependent drinkers with more early life stress tend to have a higher number of chronic stressful events. More chronically stressful events were associated with feeling less effects of alcohol and higher craving for alcohol. Participants with more chronically stressful events also appear to have more failed attempts at controlling their drinking. Future analysis will assess for mediation and moderation of these factors. Chronically stressful events and impulsive behaviors could serve as important areas for intervention for better treatment outcomes for alcohol use disorders.

scholarly journals Contrasting effects of acute and chronic stress on the transcriptome, epigenome, and immune response of Atlantic salmon

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamsyn M. Uren Webster ◽  
Deiene Rodriguez-Barreto ◽  
Samuel A.M. Martin ◽  
Cock van Oosterhout ◽  
Pablo Orozco-terWengel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Acute And Chronic Stress

AbstractEarly-life stress can have long-lasting effects on immunity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. We examined the effects of acute stress (cold-shock during embryogenesis) and chronic stress (absence of tank enrichment during larval-stage) on the gill transcriptome and methylome of Atlantic salmon four months after hatching. While only chronic stress induced pronounced transcriptional effects, both acute and chronic stress caused lasting, and contrasting, changes in the methylome. Crucially, we found that acute stress enhanced immune response to a pathogenic challenge (lipopolysaccharide), while chronic stress suppressed it. We identified stress-induced changes in promoter or gene-body methylation that were associated with altered expression for a small proportion of genes, and also evidence of wider epigenetic regulation within signalling pathways involved in immune response. Our study suggests that early-life stress can affect immuno-competence through epigenetic mechanisms, a finding that could open the way for improved stress and disease management of farmed fish.

Effect of early life stress on pancreatic isolated islets’ insulin secretion in young adult male rats subjected to chronic stress

Endocrine ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forouzan Sadeghimahalli ◽  
Roxana Karbaschi ◽  
Homeira Zardooz ◽  
Fariba Khodagholi ◽  
Fatemeh Rostamkhani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Isolated Islets ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Young Adult Male

The effects of early life stress on context fear generalization in adult rats.

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie D. Elliott ◽  
Rick Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Fear Generalization

Neurobiology of early life stress: Rodent studies

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Gutman ◽  
Charles B. Nemeroff
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress

Defining Early Life Stress as a Precursor for Autoimmune Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-342
Author(s):  
Jamie Y. Choe ◽  
Maya Nair ◽  
Riyaz Basha ◽  
Byung-Jin Kim ◽  
Harlan P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress
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