NAFLD and alcohol‐related liver disease will be responsible for almost all new diagnoses of cirrhosis in Canada by 2040

Hepatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Flemming ◽  
Maya Djerboua ◽  
Patti A. Groome ◽  
Christopher M. Booth ◽  
Norah A. Terrault
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
Almost All

Alternative splicing of viral transcripts: the dark side of the HBV

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2021-324554
Author(s):  
Dina Kremsdorf ◽  
Bouchra Lekbaby ◽  
Pierre Bablon ◽  
Jules Sotty ◽  
Jérémy Augustin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Genome Replication ◽  
Viral Transcript ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
Trans Regulation ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Almost All

Regulation of alternative splicing is one of the most efficient mechanisms to enlarge the proteomic diversity in eukaryotic organisms. Many viruses hijack the splicing machinery following infection to accomplish their replication cycle. Regarding the HBV, numerous reports have described alternative splicing events of the long viral transcript (pregenomic RNA), which also acts as a template for viral genome replication. Alternative splicing of HBV pregenomic RNAs allows the synthesis of at least 20 spliced variants. In addition, almost all these spliced forms give rise to defective particles, detected in the blood of infected patients. HBV-spliced RNAs have long been unconsidered, probably due to their uneasy detection in comparison to unspliced forms as well as for their dispensable role during viral replication. However, recent data highlighted the relevance of these HBV-spliced variants through (1) the trans-regulation of the alternative splicing of viral transcripts along the course of liver disease; (2) the ability to generate defective particle formation, putative biomarker of the liver disease progression; (3) modulation of viral replication; and (4) their intrinsic propensity to encode for novel viral proteins involved in liver pathogenesis and immune response. Altogether, tricky regulation of HBV alternative splicing may contribute to modulate multiple viral and cellular processes all along the course of HBV-related liver disease.

Coexistent Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Alcohol-Related Pancreatitis: Analysis of a Large Heath Care System Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin E. Arteel ◽  
Ajay Singhvi ◽  
Robert Feldman ◽  
Andrew D. Althouse ◽  
Ramon Bataller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
Heath Care ◽  
Care System

scholarly journals Markers of Intestinal Permeability Are Rapidly Improved by Alcohol Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1659
Author(s):  
Finn Jung ◽  
Katharina Burger ◽  
Raphaela Staltner ◽  
Annette Brandt ◽  
Sebastian Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Related Liver Disease

Changes in intestinal microbiome and barrier function are critical in the development of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Here, we determined the effects of a one-week alcohol withdrawal on parameters of intestinal barrier function in heavy drinkers with ALD in comparison to healthy non-drinkers (controls). In serum samples of 17 controls (m = 10/f = 7) and 37 age-matched ALD patients (m = 26/f = 11) undergoing a one-week alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver health and intestinal barrier function were assessed. Liver damage, e.g., fibrosis and hepatic steatosis, were assessed using FibroScan. Before alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver damage, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and overall TLR4/TLR2 ligands in serum were significantly higher in ALD patients than in controls, whereas intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and zonulin protein concentrations in serum were lower. All parameters, with the exception of LBP, were significantly improved after alcohol withdrawal; however, not to the level of controls. Our data suggest that one-week of abstinence improves markers of intestinal barrier function and liver health in ALD patients.

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