scholarly journals Vitamin D: An innate antiviral agent suppressing hepatitis C virus in human hepatocytes

Hepatology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1570-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meital Gal-Tanamy ◽  
Larisa Bachmetov ◽  
Amiram Ravid ◽  
Ruth Koren ◽  
Arie Erman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Human Hepatocytes

New Epidemiologic Data Regarding Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Romania

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
Mircea Manuc ◽  
Carmen M. Preda ◽  
Corneliu P. Popescu ◽  
Cristian Baicuș ◽  
Theodor Voiosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Advanced Fibrosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Genotype 1B ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
End Stage

Background & Aims: Literature data suggest that HCV genotype-1b is present in 93-99% of the Romanian patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We present the genotyping tests recently performed on patients with HCV and advanced fibrosis eligible for the Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) therapy, as well as the prevalence of these cases across Romania.Methods: The genotyping method was performed on 7,421 HCV patients with advanced fibrosis. The detection method was automatic real time PCR platform M2000 (Abbott). Every subject was introduced into a database including age, sex, county and address.Results: Genotype 1b was almost exclusively present: 7,392/7,421 (99.6%). Genotype 1b patients were 19.6% from Bucharest, 49% were males, with a median age of 60 years. Genotype non-1b was encountered in 29/7,421 subjects (0.4%), 62% were males, 69% from Bucharest and the median age was 52 years. Most of the subjects (75%) were in the 6th and 7th age decade. The prevalence of these cases varied significantly across Romanian counties: the highest was in Bucharest (61.3/105), Bihor (47/105), Iasi (46/105) and Constanța (43/105), and the lowest in Ilfov (2.8/105), Harghita (3.7/105), Covasna (5.4/105) and Maramureș (8.8/105) (p<0.001).Conclusions: Genotype 1b is encountered in 99.6% of patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced fibrosis from Romania. The presence of genotypes non-1b is more common in Bucharest, in males and at a younger age. There are significant differences regarding the distribution of these cases across Romania: the highest rates are in Bucharest, Bihor, Iasi and Constanta.Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; DAA: direct-acting antiviral agent; GT: genotype; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV: hepatitis C virus; IDU: intravenous drug users; MELD: model for end stage liver disease; NASH: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; SVR; sustained virologic response.

scholarly journals Increased and More Heterogeneous Gadoxetic Acid Uptake of the Liver Parenchyma after Hepatitis C Virus Eradication by Direct Antiviral Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Fujita ◽  
Akihiro Nishie ◽  
Yoshiki Asayama ◽  
Kousei Ishigami ◽  
Tomohiro Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Gadoxetic Acid ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Virus Eradication

scholarly journals Statin (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor)-based therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-related diseases in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sobhy Kishta ◽  
Reem El-Shenawy ◽  
Sobhy Ahmed Kishta
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Viral Clearance ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral Agents

Recent improvements have been made in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). However, despite successful viral clearance, many patients continue to have HCV-related disease progression. Therefore, new treatments must be developed to achieve viral clearance and prevent the risk of HCV-related diseases. In particular, the use of pitavastatin together with DAAs may improve the antiviral efficacy as well as decrease the progression of liver fibrosis and the incidence of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. To investigate the management methods for HCV-related diseases using pitavastatin and DAAs, clinical trials should be undertaken. However, concerns have been raised about potential drug interactions between statins and DAAs. Therefore, pre-clinical trials using a replicon system, human hepatocyte-like cells, human neurons and human cardiomyocytes from human-induced pluripotent stem cells should be conducted. Based on these pre-clinical trials, an optimal direct-acting antiviral agent could be selected for combination with pitavastatin and DAAs. Following the pre-clinical trial, the combination of pitavastatin and the optimal direct-acting antiviral agent should be compared to other combinations of DAAs (e.g., sofosbuvir and velpatasvir) according to the antiviral effect on HCV infection, HCV-related diseases and cost-effectiveness.

scholarly journals Autophagy, apoptosis, vitamin D, and vitamin D receptor in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C virus

Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. e0172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed Abdel-Mohsen ◽  
Ahlam Abd-Allah El-Braky ◽  
Abeer Abd El-Rahim Ghazal ◽  
Mohammed Mohammed Shamseya
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus by vitamin D

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Asako Murayama ◽  
Takanobu Kato
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C

scholarly journals 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Production in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line by a Vitamin D Receptor-Independent Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiram Ravid ◽  
Noa Rapaport ◽  
Assaf Issachar ◽  
Arie Erman ◽  
Larisa Bachmetov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Independent Mechanism

Previously, we have reported that the active vitamin D metabolite, calcitriol and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), both remarkably inhibit hepatitis C virus production. The mechanism by which vitamin D3 exerts its effect is puzzling due to the low levels of calcitriol produced in vitamin D3-treated Huh7.5 cells. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of vitamin D3 anti-hepatitis C virus effect. We show that vitamin D3 activity is not mediated by its metabolic conversion to calcitriol, but may be due to its primary metabolic product 25(OH)D3. This is inferred from the findings that 25(OH)D3 could inhibit hepatitis C virus production in our system, and that adequate concentrations needed to exert this effect are produced in Huh7.5 cells treated with vitamin D3. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 editing technology to knockout the vitamin D receptor, we found that the antiviral activity of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 was not impaired in the vitamin D receptor knockout cells. This result indicates that 25(OH)D3 anti-hepatitis C virus effect is exerted by a vitamin D receptor-independent mode of action. The possibility that vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3, being 3β-hydroxysteroids, affect hepatitis C virus production by direct inhibition of the Hedgehog pathway in a vitamin D receptor-independent manner was ruled out. Taken together, this study proposes a novel mode of action for the anti-hepatitis C virus activity of vitamin D3 that is mediated by 25(OH)D3 in a vitamin D receptor-independent mechanism.

scholarly journals Alpha Interferon Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Replication in Primary Human Hepatocytes Infected In Vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (16) ◽  
pp. 8189-8199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Castet ◽  
Chantal Fournier ◽  
Alexandre Soulier ◽  
Rozenn Brillet ◽  
Joliette Coste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Human Hepatocytes ◽  
Alpha Interferon ◽  
Healthy Human

ABSTRACT Chronic hepatitis C is a common cause of liver disease, the complications of which include cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C is based on the use of alpha interferon (IFN-α). Recently, indirect evidence based on mathematical modeling of hepatitis C virus (HCV) dynamics during human IFN-α therapy suggested that the major initial effect of IFN-α is to block HCV virion production or release. Here, we used primary cultures of healthy, uninfected human hepatocytes to show that: (i) healthy human hepatocytes can be infected in vitro and support HCV genome replication, (ii) hepatocyte treatment with IFN-α results in expression of IFN-α-induced genes, and (iii) IFN-α inhibits HCV replication in infected human hepatocytes. These results show that IFN-α acts primarily through its nonspecific antiviral effects and suggest that primary cultures of human hepatocytes may provide a good model to study intrinsic HCV resistance to IFN-α.

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