scholarly journals Paracrine signals from mesenchymal cell populations govern the expansion and differentiation of human hepatic stem cells to adult liver fates

Hepatology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1443-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfang Wang ◽  
Hsin-Lei Yao ◽  
Cai-Bin Cui ◽  
Eliane Wauthier ◽  
Claire Barbier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Hepatic Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Liver

In Vitro Production of Functionally Mature Hepatocytes from Prospectively Isolated Hepatic Stem Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Suzuki ◽  
Hiromitsu Nakauchi ◽  
Hideki Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Artificial Organ ◽  
Hepatic Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Vitro Production

Hepatocyte transplantation and artificial organ hepatic support require a number of functionally mature hepatocytes. However, their growth activity and functional behaviors are much smaller in culture after isolation from the liver. We examined whether continuously differentiating hepatocytes from multipotent hepatic stem cells that were isolated by using flow cytometry and propagated clonally in culture could be a source of clinical application. They actually gave rise to cells that were functionally equal to mature hepatocytes found in the adult liver, which secreted albumin into culture medium and metabolized harmful ammonium into urea. These data suggest that stem cell-derived hepatocytes are a useful cell source for developing therapeutic strategies, such as cell transplantation, gene therapy, and artificial liver organ to treat various liver disorders.

Human adult liver stem cells generated from patient samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Gutierrez Jauregui ◽  
N Fekete-Drimusz ◽  
MP Manns ◽  
FWR Vondran ◽  
M Bock
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Human Adult ◽  
Liver Stem Cells

scholarly journals Cancer stem cells and cisplatin‐resistant cells isolated from non‐small‐lung cancer cell lines constitute related cell populations

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1099-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca D. Lopez‐Ayllon ◽  
Veronica Moncho‐Amor ◽  
Ander Abarrategi ◽  
Inmaculada Ibañez Cáceres ◽  
Javier Castro‐Carpeño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Related Cell ◽  
Resistant Cells

scholarly journals Quiescent, Slow-Cycling Stem Cell Populations in Cancer: A Review of the Evidence and Discussion of Significance

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Moore ◽  
Stephen Lyle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulators ◽  
Slow Cycling ◽  
Stem Cell Populations

Long-lived cancer stem cells (CSCs) with indefinite proliferative potential have been identified in multiple epithelial cancer types. These cells are likely derived from transformed adult stem cells and are thought to share many characteristics with their parental population, including a quiescent slow-cycling phenotype. Various label-retaining techniques have been used to identify normal slow cycling adult stem cell populations and offer a unique methodology to functionally identify and isolate cancer stem cells. The quiescent nature of CSCs represents an inherent mechanism that at least partially explains chemotherapy resistance and recurrence in posttherapy cancer patients. Isolating and understanding the cell cycle regulatory mechanisms of quiescent cancer cells will be a key component to creation of future therapies that better target CSCs and totally eradicate tumors. Here we review the evidence for quiescent CSC populations and explore potential cell cycle regulators that may serve as future targets for elimination of these cells.

Patches in the livers of chimaeric mice

Development ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
J. D. West
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Analysis ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity

Sections of adult chimaeric livers have been histochemically stained for β-glucuronidase activity and patches of two cell populations visualized. A one-dimensional clonal analysis has been used to estimate the number of coherent clones in the adult liver. The data are consistent with a total of 9–22 million regular, coherent clones, comprising 10–34 nuclei, or a smaller number of irregular, branched coherent clones. Both of these alternatives suggest considerable cell mixing during liver morphogenesis.

scholarly journals The role of dental stem cells in regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Angela Maxim ◽  
Olga Soritau ◽  
Mihaela Baciut ◽  
Simion Bran ◽  
Grigore Baciut
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Population ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
High Proliferation Rate ◽  
Apical Papilla ◽  
Multiple Cell

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that have the capacity of rising multiple cell types.A rich source of mesenchymal stem cells is represented by the dental tissues: the periodontal ligament, the dental pulp, the apical papilla, the dental follicle and the deciduous teeth.The aim of this review is to characterize the main dental- derived mesenchymal stem cell population, and to show their important role in tissue regeneration based on their properties : the multi-potency, the high proliferation rate, the differentiation in multiple cell lineages, the high cell viability and the positive expression for mesenchymal cell markers.Tissue regeneration or de novo' formation of craniofacial structures is the future of regenerative medicine, offering a solution for congenital malformations, traumas and other diseases. 

scholarly journals Cell Populations Expressing Stemness-Associated Markers in Vascular Anomalies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan J. Kilmister ◽  
Lauren Hansen ◽  
Paul F. Davis ◽  
Sean R. R. Hall ◽  
Swee T. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Different Types

Treatment of vascular anomalies (VAs) is mostly empirical and, in many instances unsatisfactory, as the pathogeneses of these heterogeneous conditions remain largely unknown. There is emerging evidence of the presence of cell populations expressing stemness-associated markers within many types of vascular tumors and vascular malformations. The presence of these populations in VAs is supported, in part, by the observed clinical effect of the mTOR inhibitor, sirolimus, that regulates differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The discovery of the central role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in regulating stem cells in infantile hemangioma (IH) provides a plausible explanation for its spontaneous and accelerated involution induced by β-blockers and ACE inhibitors. Recent work on targeting IH stem cells by inhibiting the transcription factor SOX18 using the stereoisomer R(+) propranolol, independent of β-adrenergic blockade, opens up exciting opportunities for novel treatment of IH without the β-adrenergic blockade-related side effects. Gene mutations have been identified in several VAs, involving mainly the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and/or the Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK pathways. Existing cancer therapies that target these pathways engenders the exciting possibility of repurposing these agents for challenging VAs, with early results demonstrating clinical efficacy. However, there are several shortcomings with this approach, including the treatment cost, side effects, emergence of treatment resistance and unknown long-term effects in young patients. The presence of populations expressing stemness-associated markers, including transcription factors involved in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), in different types of VAs, suggests the possible role of stem cell pathways in their pathogenesis. Components of the RAS are expressed by cell populations expressing stemness-associated markers in different types of VAs. The gene mutations affecting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and/or the Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK pathways interact with different components of the RAS, which may influence cell populations expressing stemness-associated markers within VAs. The potential of targeting these populations by manipulating the RAS using repurposed, low-cost and commonly available oral medications, warrants further investigation. This review presents the accumulating evidence demonstrating the presence of stemness-associated markers in VAs, their expression of the RAS, and their interaction with gene mutations affecting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and/or the Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK pathways, in the pathogenesis of VAs.

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