Survival impact of treatment delays in surgically managed oropharyngeal cancer and the role of human papillomavirus status

Head & Neck ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1756-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Goel ◽  
Mariana Frangos ◽  
Govind Raghavan ◽  
Sophia Sangar ◽  
Stephanie Lazaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Delays

scholarly journals Pathogenic Role of Immune Evasion and Integration of Human Papillomavirus in Oropharyngeal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Takashi Hatano ◽  
Daisuke Sano ◽  
Hideaki Takahashi ◽  
Nobuhiko Oridate
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Immune Evasion Mechanism ◽  
Cell Cycle Activation ◽  
Genome Integration ◽  
Integration Mechanisms ◽  
E6 And E7

The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasing remarkably among all head and neck cancers, mainly due to its association with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Most HPVs are eliminated by the host’s immune system; however, because HPV has developed an effective immune evasion mechanism to complete its replication cycle, a small number of HPVs are not eliminated, leading to persistent infection. Moreover, during the oncogenic process, the extrachromosomal HPV genome often becomes integrated into the host genome. Integration involves the induction and high expression of E6 and E7, leading to cell cycle activation and increased genomic instability in the host. Therefore, integration is an important event in oncogenesis, although the associated mechanism remains unclear, especially in HPV-OPC. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on HPV-mediated carcinogenesis, with special emphasis on immune evasion and integration mechanisms, which are crucial for oncogenesis.

scholarly journals The Human Papilloma Virus is a New Etiologic Factor in the Development of Cancer of the Head and Neck Organs. Problems and Prospects for their Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
A. M. Mudunov
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Predictive Diagnosis ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
The World

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck organs occupies the 5th place in the structure of oncological morbidity in the world. The mortality from this pathology has not changed for several decades, despite significant successes and achievements in modern clinical oncology. In article are explored and analyzed: the etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of oropharyngeal cancer; sexual and age specific features of HPV-associated cancer, various methods of predictive diagnosis, specific prevention. Conclusions: papillomavirus infection is the main cause of the sharp and continuing increase in the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer, mainly among men in many countries of the world; vaccination has positive expectations in the prevention of the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer.

The declining role of post-treatment neck dissection in human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Daniels ◽  
Howard Yu-hao Liu ◽  
Anne Bernard ◽  
Christopher Williams ◽  
Matthew C. Foote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Post Treatment

scholarly journals Current Role of Surgery in the Management of Oropharyngeal Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1176-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan T. Turner ◽  
J. Kenneth Byrd ◽  
Robert L. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Oropharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Improved Outcomes

The 1990s saw an increased use of chemoradiotherapy protocols, commonly referred to as organ-sparing therapy, for the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer after the Groupe d'Oncologie Radiothérapie Tête et Cou trial. Since that time, human papillomavirus–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has been identified as a unique disease, with improved survival regardless of treatment modality. The improved outcomes of this population has led to re-evaluation of treatment paradigms in the past decade, with a desire to spare young, human papillomavirus–positive patients the treatment-related toxicities of chemoradiotherapy and to use new minimally invasive surgical techniques to improve outcomes. Numerous retrospective and prospective studies have investigated the role of surgery in treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma and have demonstrated equivalent oncologic outcomes and improved functional outcomes compared with chemoradiotherapy protocols. Ongoing and future clinical trials may help delineate the role of surgery in the future.

scholarly journals Role of high-risk human papillomavirus in the etiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancers in Thailand: A case–control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211876560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adit Chotipanich ◽  
Surattaya Siriarechakul ◽  
On-ong Mungkung
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Control Study

Background: Among developing countries, Thailand shows no increase in the incidence of human papillomavirus–driven oropharyngeal cancer. The causal role of human papillomavirus infection in this pathology has not been researched thoroughly. Methods: A hospital-based, case–control study was performed which included 104 patients with newly diagnosed oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and 104 individuals without cancer. The Cervista high-risk human papillomavirus and 16/18 assays were used to detect human papillomavirus. Odds ratios were used to assess the association between high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus and the cancers. Results: High-risk human papillomavirus was detected in 4 of 52 (7.7%) oral cancer cases, 6 of 52 (11.5%) oropharyngeal cancer cases, and 1 of 104 (0.96%) control subjects. Of 104 cancer patients in the study, 83 were smokers. High-risk human papillomavirus was significantly associated with oropharyngeal cancer (odds ratio = 13.44, 95% confidence interval = 1.6–114.8) but was nonsignificantly associated with oral cancer (odds ratio = 8.58, 95% confidence interval = 0.9–78.9). However, after adjustment for smoking, high-risk human papillomavirus was determined to be nonsignificantly associated with oropharyngeal cancer (adjusted odds ratio = 5.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.8–43.5). Conclusion: Although low human papillomavirus prevalence was observed, the rate of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in the cancer group was still higher than that in the control group. Smoking may have an influence on the etiology of human papillomavirus–related cancers. However, the study is underpowered to clarify the role of human papillomavirus as the independent risk factor for oral and oropharyngeal cancers in the Thai population.

Redefining risk of contralateral cervical nodal disease in early stage oropharyngeal cancer in the human papillomavirus era

Head & Neck ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Smith ◽  
Matthew Gallitto ◽  
Eric J. Lehrer ◽  
Isaac Wasserman ◽  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Nodal Disease

scholarly journals Value and Unmet Needs in Non-Invasive Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Testing for Oropharyngeal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Alec J. Kacew ◽  
Glenn J. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Non Invasive

The burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) has risen, now representing the most common HPV-related malignancy. For years, researchers have explored the utility of measuring HPV-related markers from mouth, throat, and blood samples, often with the aim of gathering more information about an existing HPV-related tumor in a given patient. We review the widely varying methods for collecting and testing saliva and blood samples and offer guidance for standardizing these practices. We then review an array of clinical contexts in which non-invasive testing holds the most promise for potentially addressing unmet needs. In particular, such testing could help clinicians and researchers monitor the effects of vaccination and treatment. Meanwhile, due to the currently incomplete understanding of how carrying HPV relates to infection and subsequent oncogenesis, non-invasive testing methods may not be suitable for the screening setting at this time.

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