scholarly journals Treatment modalities and outcomes of Fanconi anemia patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Series of 9 cases and review of the literature

Head & Neck ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1418-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Beckham ◽  
Jonathan Leeman ◽  
Chiaojung Jillian Tsai ◽  
Nadeem Riaz ◽  
Eric Sherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Fanconi Anemia ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Review Of The Literature

scholarly journals Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan G. Major ◽  
Luke P. Pitty ◽  
Camile S. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the world’s top ten most common cancers. Current survival rates are poor with only 50% of patients expected to survive five years after diagnosis. The poor survival rate of HNSCC is partly attributable to the tendency for diagnosis at the late stage of the disease. One of the reasons for treatment failure is thought to be related to the presence of a subpopulation of cells within the tumour called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs display stem cell-like characteristics that impart resistance to conventional treatment modalities and promote tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. Specific markers for this population have been investigated in the hope of developing a deeper understanding of their role in the pathogenesis of HNSCC and elucidating novel therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Treatment Modalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Vasileios Zisis ◽  
Maria Venou ◽  
Athanasios Poulopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Andreadis
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Summary Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) belongs to the most frequent cancer subtypes in the world. Mutations due to genetic and chromosomal instability, syndromes such as Fanconi anemia and the Bloom syndrome, environmental risk factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol and human papillomavirus infection (HPV) subtypes 16,18,31,33,35,52,58 are implicated in its pathogenesis. The HNSCC belongs to the solid tumors of epithelial origin and consists of stromal, inflammatory, cancer cells and most importantly a fraction of them, the cancer stem cells (CSCs). The identification of the CSCs through their biomarkers such as CD44, CD10, CD166, CD133, CD271, ALDH, Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and Bmi1, the maintenance of their subpopulation through epithelial to mesenchymal transition, the role of HPV infection regarding their prognosis and of their microenvironment regarding their resistance to therapy, all constitute key elements that must be taken thoroughly into consideration in order to develop an effective targeted therapy. There are already therapies in place targeting specific related biomarkers, important biochemical pathways and growth factors. The aim of this literature review is to illustrate the treatment modalities available against the cancer stem cells of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals HNC0014, a Multi-Targeted Small-Molecule, Inhibits Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Suppressing c-Met/STAT3/CD44/PD-L1 Oncoimmune Signature and Eliciting Antitumor Immune Responses

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3759
Author(s):  
Jih-Chin Lee ◽  
Alexander T.H. Wu ◽  
Jia-Hong Chen ◽  
Wen-Yen Huang ◽  
Bashir Lawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Mouse Xenograft Model

Despite advancements in diagnostic and standard treatment modalities, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, overall survival rates of advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients have remained stagnant for over three decades. Failure of these treatment modalities, coupled with post-therapy complications, underscores the need for alternative interventions and an in-depth understanding of the complex signaling networks involved in developing treatment resistance. Using bioinformatics tools, we identified an increased expression of c-Met, STAT3, and CD44 corresponding to a poor prognosis and malignant phenotype of HNSCC. Subsequently, we showed that tumorsphere-derived exosomes promoted cisplatin (CDDP) resistance and colony and tumorsphere formation in parental HNSCC cells, accompanied by an increased level of oncogenic/immune evasive markers, namely, c-Met, STAT3, CD44, and PD-L1. We then evaluated the therapeutic potential of a new small molecule, HNC0014. The molecular docking analysis suggested strong interactions between HNC0014 and oncogenic molecules; c-Met, STAT3, CD44, and PD-L1. Subsequently, we demonstrated that HNC0014 treatment suppressed HNSCC tumorigenic and expression of stemness markers; HNC0014 also reduced cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) transformation by Exosp- and CAF-induced tumorigenic properties. HNC0014 treatment alone suppressed tumor growth in a cisplatin-resistant (SAS tumorspheres) mouse xenograft model and with higher inhibitory efficacy when combined with CDDP. More importantly, HNC0014 treatment significantly delayed tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse HNSCC model, elicited an antitumor immune profile, and reduced the total c-Met, STAT3, and their phosphorylated forms, PD-L1 and CD44, contents in serum exosomes. Collectively, our findings provide supports for HNC0014 as a multi-targeted immunotherapeutic lead compound for further development.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Vincristine, Bleomycin and Methotrexate Combined with Radiotherapy in Advanced Head and neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
Maurizio Amichetti ◽  
Andrea Bolner ◽  
Lucia Busana ◽  
Gianni Fellin ◽  
Giuseppe Pani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Advanced Head ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Local Response Rate

From September 1980 to August 1981, 25 patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were treated at the Centro Oncologico, Trento, by a chemo-radiotherapeutic combination. The treatment protocol consisted of 4–6 courses of VBM (vincristine, bleomycin and methotrexate) followed by conventional radiotherapy (65 Gy). Only to VBM responders (15 patients) were administered 10 cycles of vincristine-methotrexate. At the end of induction chemotherapy an overall response of 60 % (12 % complete, 48 % partial) was obtained. At the end of radiotherapy the responses were 52.5 % complete and 35.5 % partial, for an overall response of 88 %. The overall survival at 60 months was 8 %. This combined approach, in spite of the satisfactory immediate local response rate, does not offer advantages for survival in comparison to conventional treatment modalities.

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