Regression of human immunodeficiency virus‐associated oral Kaposi sarcoma with combined antiretroviral therapy: A case report and literature review

Head & Neck ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Bertoldi Franco ◽  
Loreto José Maureira Pena ◽  
Fabiana Martins e Martins ◽  
Marcio Augusto Oliveira ◽  
Karem L. Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Combined Antiretroviral Therapy

scholarly journals Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Risk of Cancer Among Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Silverberg ◽  
Wendy Leyden ◽  
Raúl U Hernández-Ramírez ◽  
Li Qin ◽  
Haiqun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Right Censoring ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH) experience a high burden of cancer. It remains unknown which cancer types are reduced in PLWH with earlier initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods We evaluated AIDS-free, ART-naive PLWH during 1996–2014 from 22 cohorts participating in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design. PLWH were followed from first observed CD4 of 350–500 cells/µL (baseline) until incident cancer, death, lost-to-follow-up, or December 2014. Outcomes included 6 cancer groups and 5 individual cancers that were confirmed by chart review or cancer registry linkage. We evaluated the effect of earlier (in the first 6 months after baseline) versus deferred ART initiation on cancer risk. Marginal structural models were used with inverse probability weighting to account for time-dependent confounding and informative right-censoring, with weights informed by subject’s age, sex, cohort, baseline year, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission risk, smoking, viral hepatitis, CD4, and AIDS diagnoses. Results Protective results for earlier ART were found for any cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], .37–.86), AIDS-defining cancers (HR 0.23; 95% CI, .11–.49), any virus-related cancer (HR 0.30; 95% CI, .16–.54), Kaposi sarcoma (HR 0.25; 95% CI, .10–.61), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HR 0.22; 95% CI, .06–.73). By 15 years, there was also an observed reduced risk with earlier ART for virus-related NADCs (0.6% vs 2.3%; adjusted risk difference −1.6; 95% CI, −2.8, −.5). Conclusions Earlier ART initiation has potential to reduce the burden of virus-related cancers in PLWH but not non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) without known or suspected viral etiology.

Dolutegravir-induced liver injury leading to sub-acute liver failure requiring transplantation: a case report and review of literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Laura Abbott ◽  
Kate Childs ◽  
Chris Taylor ◽  
Kosh Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

A patient with human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection presented with sub-acute liver failure, temporally related to commencement of an antiretroviral therapy regimen containing dolutegravir (Triumeq). The patient was not a carrier of HLA-B5701, and abacavir hypersensitivity was unlikely. We believe this is the first report of severe dolutegravir-related hepatotoxicity resulting in sub-acute liver failure and transplantation and highlights a potential need for closer monitoring after drug initiation.

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