scholarly journals Dynamic functional connectivity profile of the salience network across the life span

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Snyder ◽  
Lucina Q. Uddin ◽  
Jason S. Nomi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity

scholarly journals Salience network dynamics underlying successful resistance of temptation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Steimke ◽  
Jason S. Nomi ◽  
Vince D Calhoun ◽  
Christine Stelzel ◽  
Lena M. Paschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Network Dynamics ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Control Networks

AbstractSelf-control and the ability to resist temptation are critical for successful completion of long-term goals. Contemporary models in cognitive neuroscience emphasize the primary role of prefrontal cognitive control networks in aligning behavior with such goals. Here we use gaze pattern analysis and dynamic functional connectivity fMRI data to explore how individual differences in the ability to resist temptation are related to intrinsic brain dynamics of the cognitive control and salience networks. Behaviorally, individuals exhibit greater gaze distance from target location (e.g. higher distractibility) during presentation of tempting erotic images compared with neutral images. Individuals whose intrinsic dynamic functional connectivity patterns gravitate towards configurations in which salience detection systems are less strongly coupled with visual systems resist tempting distractors more effectively. The ability to resist tempting distractors was not significantly related to intrinsic dynamics of the cognitive control network. These results suggest that susceptibility to temptation is governed in part by individual differences in salience network dynamics, and provide novel evidence for involvement of brain systems outside canonical cognitive control networks in contributing to individual differences in self-control.

scholarly journals Abnormal dynamic functional connectivity is linked to recovery after acute ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 2278-2291
Author(s):  
Anna K. Bonkhoff ◽  
Markus D. Schirmer ◽  
Martin Bretzner ◽  
Mark Etherton ◽  
Kathleen Donahue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity

scholarly journals Glutamate connectivity associations converge upon the salience network in schizophrenia and healthy controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. McCutcheon ◽  
Toby Pillinger ◽  
Maria Rogdaki ◽  
Juan Bustillo ◽  
Oliver D. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Functional Brain Networks ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAlterations in cortical inter-areal functional connectivity, and aberrant glutamatergic signalling are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia but the relationship between the two is unclear. We used multimodal imaging to identify areas of convergence between the two systems. Two separate cohorts were examined, comprising 195 participants in total. All participants received resting state functional MRI to characterise functional brain networks and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure glutamate concentrations in the frontal cortex. Study A investigated the relationship between frontal cortex glutamate concentrations and network connectivity in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Study B also used 1H-MRS, and scanned individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls before and after a challenge with the glutamatergic modulator riluzole, to investigate the relationship between changes in glutamate concentrations and changes in network connectivity. In both studies the network based statistic was used to probe associations between glutamate and connectivity, and glutamate associated networks were then characterised in terms of their overlap with canonical functional networks. Study A involved 76 individuals with schizophrenia and 82 controls, and identified a functional network negatively associated with glutamate concentrations that was concentrated within the salience network (p < 0.05) and did not differ significantly between patients and controls (p > 0.85). Study B involved 19 individuals with schizophrenia and 17 controls and found that increases in glutamate concentrations induced by riluzole were linked to increases in connectivity localised to the salience network (p < 0.05), and the relationship did not differ between patients and controls (p > 0.4). Frontal cortex glutamate concentrations are associated with inter-areal functional connectivity of a network that localises to the salience network. Changes in network connectivity in response to glutamate modulation show an opposite effect compared to the relationship observed at baseline, which may complicate pharmacological attempts to simultaneously correct glutamatergic and connectivity aberrations.

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