scholarly journals Stress and the brain: Perceived stress mediates the impact of the superior frontal gyrus spontaneous activity on depressive symptoms in late adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (17) ◽  
pp. 4982-4993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Wang ◽  
Yajun Zhao ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Superior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Do Depressive Symptoms Shape Blacks’ Perceptions of Stress Over Time?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
DeAnnah R Byrd ◽  
Roland J Thorpe ◽  
Keith E Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background and Objectives Previous studies have linked stress to multiple negative mental health outcomes, including depression. This established stress–depression association is typically examined in one direction and cross-sectionally. This study examined the bidirectional relationships between depressive symptoms and changes in perceived stress over time in Blacks. Research Design and Methods The present study uses a community-dwelling sample of 450 Black adults, aged 51–96 years old, who participated in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging—Patterns of Cognitive Aging. Perceived stress—measured by the Perceived Stress Scale—and depressive symptoms—measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale—were both assessed at baseline and follow-up 33 months later. Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine 2 bidirectional longitudinal relationships between (1) stress–depression and (2) depression–stress, and whether these associations are modified by age. Results Initial analyses testing the typical stress–depression relationship showed an effect in the expected direction, that is stress leading to more depressive symptoms over time, adjusting for model covariates, but the effect was not statistically significant (b = 0.014, p = .642). After accounting for baseline perceived stress level, age, sex, education, and chronic health conditions, depressive symptoms were positively associated with follow-up stress (b = 0.210, p < .000). The depression–stress association further varied by age group such that the impact of baseline depression on changes in perceived stress was greatest in Blacks in their 60s versus those in their 50s (b = 0.267, p = .001), controlling for model covariates. Discussion and Implications Contrary to previous work, the results suggest that an individual’s mental health shapes his/her perception of stressful events and this relationship varies by age group. While the typical finding (stress impacting depression) was not significant, the findings reported here highlight the importance of considering the possible bidirectional nature of the relationships between psychosocial measures of stress and mental health in later life among Blacks.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on US College Students’ Physical Activity and Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver W.A. Wilson ◽  
Kelsey E. Holland ◽  
Lucas D. Elliott ◽  
Michele Duffey ◽  
Melissa Bopp
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
The Impact

Background: Investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on both physical activity (PA) and mental health is important to demonstrate the need for interventions. This study examined the apparent impact of the pandemic on college students’ PA, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms. Methods: From 2015 through 2020, data were collected at the beginning and end of the spring semester at a large Northeastern US university via an online survey assessing student demographics, PA, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms. Mixed ANOVA examined differences in PA and mental health changes over the spring semester between “normal” and COVID-19 circumstances. Two-way ANOVA examined the interaction between circumstance and changes in PA in relation to changes in mental health. Results: Participants (n = 1019) were predominately women and non-Hispanic white. There was a significant decline in PA and an increase in perceived stress under COVID-19, but not normal, circumstances and a significant increase in depressive symptoms under COVID-19, but not normal, circumstances among women. Conclusions: A significant decline in PA and mental health among college students occurred under COVID-19 circumstances, and PA did not appear to protect against deterioration in mental health. Proactive and innovative policies, programs, and practices to promote student health and well-being must be explored immediately.

Perceived Stress Moderates the Impact of Internalizing Symptoms on Family Functioning in Early Adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1291-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily G. Simpson ◽  
Anna Vannucci ◽  
Courtney R. Lincoln ◽  
Christine McCauley Ohannessian
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Adolescent Mother ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of early adolescent internalizing symptoms on family functioning for girls and boys, as moderated by perceived stress. Surveys were administered to 1,344 middle school students (11-14 years; 51% girls; 51% non-Hispanic White) in the fall of 2016 (T1) and 6 months later in the spring of 2017 (T2). For boys, depressive symptoms predicted less family conflict only among those with low stress. For girls, depressive symptoms predicted less adolescent-mother communication among those with low stress, but more communication among those with high stress. Also for girls, anxiety predicted more family cohesion in girls with low stress, but less cohesion among those with high stress. Finally, anxiety predicted less adolescent-father communication only among girls with low stress. Findings underscore the complex role that perceived stress plays when considering the impact of internalizing symptoms on family functioning in early adolescent girls and boys.

scholarly journals Perceived stress and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students: The effect of emotional eating

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Amestoy ◽  
Alexandra Fiocco
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
The Impact

With a rise in the prevalence of depression among undergraduate students, it is important to identify potential antecedents and modifiable factors in illness development. One of the most well studied etiological predictors of depression among youth and among young adults is the experience of real or perceived stress. However, research further suggests that the impact of stress on health outcomes may largely depend on the coping strategies employed. Emotional eating is an emotion-focused coping strategy that may be used to minimize negative affect stemming from perceived stress. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the moderating role of emotional eating in the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms among undergraduate students. A total of 100 undergraduate students (mean age = 20.2 years, 83% female) completed questionnaires that tapped into perceived stress, emotional eating behaviour, and depressive symptoms. Moderation analyses revealed a significant moderation effect (b = .016, t(91) = 2.728, p = .008). Simple slopes showed that the magnitude of the association between perceived stress and depressive symptoms increased from low (b = .092) to moderate (b = .147) to high (b = .201) emotional eating tendencies. Findings suggest that perceived stress and emotional eating may have a synergist association with depressive symptoms among undergraduate students.

scholarly journals The impact of neighborhood quality, perceived stress, and social support on depressive symptoms during pregnancy in African American women

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Giurgescu ◽  
Dawn P. Misra ◽  
Shawnita Sealy-Jefferson ◽  
Cleopatra H. Caldwell ◽  
Thomas N. Templin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
African American ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Neighborhood Quality ◽  
American Women ◽  
The Impact

Discrimination and Sleep Impairment in American Indians and Alaska Natives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Danyluck ◽  
Irene V Blair ◽  
Spero M Manson ◽  
Mark L Laudenslager ◽  
Stacie L Daugherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Alaska Natives ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Sleep Impairment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Sleep impairment may be a key pathway through which discrimination undermines health. Links between discrimination and sleep in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) have not been established. Further, it is unclear if such links might depend on the timing of discrimination or if socioeconomic status (SES) might buffer the impact of discrimination. Purpose To investigate associations between interpersonal discrimination and sleep impairment in urban AI/AN, for both lifetime and recent discrimination, and controlling for other life stressors. Education and income, indices of SES, were tested as potential moderators. Methods A community sample of urban AI/AN (N = 303, 18–78 years old, 63% female) completed self-report measures of sleep impairment, lifetime and recent discrimination, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, other life stressors (childhood adversity and past year major events), and socio-demographic characteristics. Results Lifetime discrimination was associated with impaired sleep in AI/AN after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, recent depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and other life stressors. Past-week discrimination was associated with sleep in unadjusted but not adjusted models. Education, but not income, was found to buffer the effects of both lifetime and past-week discrimination on sleep in adjusted models. Conclusion Lifetime discrimination uniquely accounts for sleep impairment and may be especially harmful in those with less education. These findings suggest targeting interventions to those most in need. Limitations include the cross-sectional nature of the data. Longitudinal and qualitative work is needed to understand how education may buffer the effects of discrimination on sleep and perhaps other health problems in AI/AN.

scholarly journals Low-Intensity Exercise as a Modifier of Depressive Symptoms and Self-Perceived Stress Level in Women with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Paulina Morga ◽  
Błażej Cieślik ◽  
Małgorzata Sekułowicz ◽  
Maria Bujnowska-Fedak ◽  
Iris Drower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anthropometric Parameter ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to determine the impact of low-intensity exercise and psychoeducation on depressive symptoms and self-perceived stress in women with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Seventy-four women (mean age 69.35 ± 7.20) were included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: those with MetS (n = 33) and those without MetS (n = 41). Subjects participated in low-intensity general-fitness exercise sessions combined with psychoeducation distributed regularly over a 12-week period. Participants completed the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS) and the Stress Level Questionnaire (SLQ) before and after the intervention. All investigated parameters significantly decreased for the participants with metabolic syndrome after the intervention. The level of GDS in this group decreased by approximately 37% (p < 0.01), and SLQ by around 23% (p < 0.01). Our results suggest, that low-intensity exercise combined with psychoeducation could lower depressive symptoms and stress level in women with MetS. However, the intervention does not lower anthropometric parameter scores.

Does perceived stress mediate the effect of cultural consonance on depression?

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro C. Balieiro ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
José Ernesto dos Santos ◽  
William W. Dressler
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cultural Consonance ◽  
Cultural Domain ◽  
Cultural Domain Analysis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

The importance of appraisal in the stress process is unquestioned. Experience in the social environment that impacts outcomes such as depression are thought to have these effects because they are appraised as a threat to the individual and overwhelm the individual's capacity to cope. In terms of the nature of social experience that is associated with depression, several recent studies have examined the impact of cultural consonance. Cultural consonance is the degree to which individuals, in their own beliefs and behaviors, approximate the prototypes for belief and behavior encoded in shared cultural models. Low cultural consonance is associated with more depressive symptoms both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. In this paper we ask the question: does perceived stress mediate the effects of cultural consonance on depression? Data are drawn from a longitudinal study of depressive symptoms in the urban community of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. A sample of 210 individuals was followed for 2 years. Cultural consonance was assessed in four cultural domains, using a mixed-methods research design that integrated techniques of cultural domain analysis with social survey research. Perceived stress was measured with Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale. When cultural consonance was examined separately for each domain, perceived stress partially mediated the impact of cultural consonance in family life and cultural consonance in lifestyle on depressive symptoms. When generalized cultural consonance (combining consonance in all four domains) was examined, there was no evidence of mediation. These results raise questions about how culturally salient experience rises to the level of conscious reflection.

scholarly journals Social Media Use and Depressive Symptoms—A Longitudinal Study from Early to Late Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Puukko ◽  
Lauri Hietajärvi ◽  
Erika Maksniemi ◽  
Kimmo Alho ◽  
Katariina Salmela-Aro
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

An increasing number of studies have addressed how adolescents’ social media use is associated with depressive symptoms. However, few studies have examined whether these links occur longitudinally across adolescence when examined at the individual level of development. This study investigated the within-person effects between active social media use and depressive symptoms using a five-wave longitudinal dataset gathered from 2891 Finnish adolescents (42.7% male, age range 13–19 years). Sensitivity analysis was conducted, adjusting for gender and family financial status. The results indicate that depressive symptoms predicted small increases in active social media use during both early and late adolescence, whereas no evidence of the reverse relationship was found. Yet, the associations were very small, statistically weak, and somewhat inconsistent over time. The results provide support for the growing notion that the previously reported direct links between social media use and depressive symptoms might be exaggerated. Based on these findings, we suggest that the impact of social media on adolescents’ well-being should be approached through methodological assumptions that focus on individual-level development.

scholarly journals Relationship between Dispositional Mindfulness, Psychological Health, and Diet Quality among Healthy Midlife Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3414
Author(s):  
Shannon D. Donofry ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
Michele D. Levine ◽  
Peter J. Gianaros ◽  
Matthew F. Muldoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Midlife Adults ◽  
The Impact

Mindfulness, a practice of non-judgmental awareness of present experience, has been associated with reduced eating psychopathology and emotion-driven eating. However, it remains unclear whether mindfulness relates to diet quality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether dispositional mindfulness is associated with diet quality and to explore psychological factors relating dispositional mindfulness to diet quality. Community-dwelling adults (N = 406; Mage = 43.19, SD = 7.26; Mbody mass index [BMI] = 27.08, SD = 5.28; 52% female) completed ratings of dispositional mindfulness, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA). Dietary intake was assessed using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, from which the 2015 Healthy Eating Index was derived. Analyses were conducted using the “lavaan” package in R with bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals (BootCI). Age, sex, race, education, and BMI were entered as covariates in all models. Higher dispositional mindfulness was associated with higher diet quality (β = 0.11, p = 0.03), and this effect was mediated through lower depressive symptoms (indirect effect β = 0.06, p = 0.02, BootCI = 0.104–1.42, p = 0.03). Dispositional mindfulness was negatively correlated with perceived stress (β = −0.31, p < 0.01) and NA (β = −0.43, p < 0.01), as well as positively correlated with PA (β = −0.26, p < 0.01). However, these factors were unrelated to diet quality. These cross-sectional data provide initial evidence that dispositional mindfulness relates to diet quality among midlife adults, an effect that may be explained in part by less depressive symptomatology. Given that lifestyle behaviors in midlife are leading determinants of risk for cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive impairment in late life, interventions to enhance mindfulness in midlife may mitigate disease risk. Additional research assessing the impact of mindfulness interventions on diet quality are warranted.

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