scholarly journals Brain networks disconnection in early multiple sclerosis cognitive deficits: An anatomofunctional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 4706-4717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Louapre ◽  
Vincent Perlbarg ◽  
Daniel García-Lorenzo ◽  
Marika Urbanski ◽  
Habib Benali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Brain Networks

scholarly journals Perceived Cognitive Deficits in a Sample of Persons Living With Multiple Sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Henneghan ◽  
Alexa Stuifbergen ◽  
Heather Becker ◽  
Vicki Kullberg ◽  
Nicole Gloris
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Deficits

scholarly journals Disruptive and protective outcomes to memory and attention when treating diffuse glioma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Romero-Garcia ◽  
J Suckling ◽  
M Owen ◽  
M Assem ◽  
R Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Diffuse Glioma ◽  
Cognitive Recovery ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Neurite Density ◽  
With Memory

ABSTRACTSurgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are effective treatments to delay glioma progression and improve survival. Nevertheless, a large proportion of patients have treatment-induced cognitive deficits that dramatically reduce their life quality. Predicting the treatment-induced functional impairments is difficult due to the complex interlocking and diffusely spread networks that underpin different aspects of cognition. Here we investigated glioma interactions with brain networks in relation to cognitive recovery after surgical resection and during chemo-radiotherapy treatment. Seventeen patients with diffuse non-enhancing glioma (aged 22-56 years) were longitudinally MRI-scanned and cognitively assessed using a tablet-based screening tool before and after surgery, and during a 12-months recovery period. Using structural MRI and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) derived from diffusion-weighted images, we respectively estimated tumour overlap and Neurite Density (as an in-vivo proxy measure of axon and dendrite concentration) with brain networks and functional maps derived from normative data in healthy participants. We found that neither total lesion volume nor tumour location based on traditional lobular divisions were associated with memory or attention deficits. However, tumour and lesion overlap with the Default Mode Network (DMN), Attention Network and attention-related regions located in frontal and parietal cortex was associated with memory and attention deficits. This association was above and beyond the contributions of preoperative cognitive status and tumour volume (Linear Mixed Model, Pfdr<0.05). On the other hand, Neurite Density was reduced not only within the tumour, but also beyond the tumour boundary, revealing a distal effect with global consequences to brain networks. High preoperative Neurite Density outside the tumour, but within the Frontoparietal Network was associated with better memory and attention recovery. Moreover, postoperative and follow-up Neurite Density within the DMN, Frontoparietal and Attention Networks were associated with memory and attention improvements (Pfdr<0.05). We conclude that gliomas located on brain networks that are fundamental for cognitive processing mediate cognitive deficits and they exert a distal effect on Neurite Density in these networks that is also associated with cognitive recovery. Our work provides insights into the brain reorganisation that occurs due to the presence of a tumour and its subsequent removal, which has potential capability to predict cognitive outcomes. Understanding the pathophysiology underlying tumour related cognitive outcomes will be vital to the development of novel prognostic biomarkers, subgroup stratification in clinical trials, and individualised rehabilitation programmes.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cognitive Deficits and Spasticity on Driving Simulator Performance in Multiple Sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D Marcotte ◽  
Theodore J Rosenthal ◽  
Jody Corey-Bloom ◽  
Erica Roberts ◽  
Sara Lampinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
The Impact

The influence of cognitive impairment on health-related quality of life in neurological disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex J. Mitchell ◽  
Steven Kemp ◽  
Julián Benito-León ◽  
Markus Reuber
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Mitchell AJ, Kemp S, Benito-León J, Reuber M. The influence of cognitive impairment on health-related quality of life in neurological disease.Background:Cognitive impairment is the most consistent neurological complication of acquired and degenerative brain disorders. Historically, most focus was on dementia but now has been broadened to include the important construct of mild cognitive impairment.Methods:Systematic search and review of articles linked quality of life (QoL) and cognitive complications of neurological disorders. We excluded QoL in dementia.Results:Our search identified 249 publications. Most research examined patients with brain tumours, stroke, epilepsy, head injury, Huntington's disease, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Results suggested that the majority of patients with epilepsy, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, stroke and head injury have subtle cognitive deficits early in their disease course. These cognitive complaints are often overlooked by clinicians. In many cases, the cognitive impairment is progressive but it can also be relapsing-remitting and in some cases reversible. Despite the importance of severe cognitive impairment in the form of dementia, there is now increasing recognition of a broad spectrum of impairment, including those with subclinical or mild cognitive impairment. Even mild cognitive difficulties can have functional and psychiatric consequences–especially when they are persistent and untreated. Specific cognitive deficits such an inattention, dysexecutive function and processing speed may affect a number of quality of life (QoL) domains. For example, cognitive impairment influences return to work, interpersonal relationships and leisure activities. In addition, fear of future cognitive decline may also impact upon QoL.Conclusions:We recommend further development of simple tools to screen for cognitive impairments in each neurological condition. We also recommend that a thorough cognitive assessment should be a part of routine clinical practice in those caring for individuals with neurological disorders.

scholarly journals Detecting Subtle Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Charest ◽  
Alexandra Tremblay ◽  
Roxane Langlois ◽  
Élaine Roger ◽  
Pierre Duquette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Subjective Complaints ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Complaints

ABSTRACT:Background:Although cognitive deficits are frequent in multiple sclerosis (MS), screening for them with tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test is usually not performed unless there is a subjective complaint. The Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Questionnaire (MSNQ) is among the instruments most commonly used to assess self-reported subjective complaints in MS. Nonetheless, it does not always accurately reflect cognitive status; many patients with cognitive deficits thus fail to receive appropriate referral for detailed neuropsychological evaluation. The objective of this study was to examine the validity of the MoCA test to detect the presence of objective cognitive deficits among patients with MS without subjective complaints using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) as the gold standard.Methods:The sample included 98 patients who were recruited from a university hospital MS clinic. The MSNQ was used to select patients without subjective cognitive complaints who also completed the MACFIMS, MoCA test and MSQOL-54.Results:23.5% of patients without subjective cognitive complaints had evidence of objective cognitive impairment on the MACFIMS (z score < -1.5 on two or more tests). The MoCA had a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 68% for detecting objective cognitive impairment in this patient population using a cut-off score of 27.Conclusion:A significant proportion of patients without self-reported cognitive impairment do have evidence of cognitive deficits on more exhaustive cognitive assessment. The MoCA is a rapid screening test that could be used to target patients for whom a more detailed neuropsychological assessment would be recommended.

Multi-parametric structural magnetic resonance imaging in relation to cognitive dysfunction in long-standing multiple sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marita Daams ◽  
Martijn D Steenwijk ◽  
Menno M Schoonheim ◽  
Mike P Wattjes ◽  
Lisanne J Balk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Diffuse White Matter ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Deep Grey Matter ◽  
Imaging Markers

Background: Cognitive deficits are common in multiple sclerosis. Most previous studies investigating the imaging substrate of cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis included patients with relatively short disease durations and were limited to one modality/brain region. Objective: To identify the strongest neuroimaging predictors for cognitive dysfunction in a large cohort of patients with long-standing multiple sclerosis. Methods: Extensive neuropsychological testing and multimodal 3.0T MRI was performed in 202 patients with multiple sclerosis and 52 controls. Cognitive scores were compared between groups using Z-scores. Whole-brain, white matter, grey matter, deep grey matter and lesion volumes; cortical thickness, (juxta)cortical and cerebellar lesions; and extent and severity of diffuse white matter damage were measured. Stepwise linear regression was used to identify the strongest predictors for cognitive dysfunction. Results: All cognitive domains were affected in patients. Patients showed extensive atrophy, focal pathology and damage in up to 75% of the investigated white matter. Associations between imaging markers and average cognition were two times stronger in cognitively impaired patients than in cognitively preserved patients. The final model for average cognition consisted of deep grey matter DGMV volume and fractional anisotropy severity (adjusted R²=0.490; p<0.001). Conclusion: From all imaging markers, deep grey matter atrophy and diffuse white matter damage emerged as the strongest predictors for cognitive dysfunction in long-standing multiple sclerosis.

Graph Theoretical Framework of Brain Networks in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review of Concepts

Neuroscience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 35-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinzenz Fleischer ◽  
Angela Radetz ◽  
Dumitru Ciolac ◽  
Muthuraman Muthuraman ◽  
Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Theoretical Framework

Neuropsychological rehabilitation has beneficial effects on perceived cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis during nine-month follow-up

2013 ◽  
Vol 334 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eija Rosti-Otajärvi ◽  
Anu Mäntynen ◽  
Keijo Koivisto ◽  
Heini Huhtala ◽  
Päivi Hämäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Beneficial Effects
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