Effects of prior information on decoding degraded speech: An fMRI study

Mareike Clos; Robert Langner; Martin Meyer; Mathias S. Oechslin; Karl Zilles; Simon B. Eickhoff

doi:10.1002/hbm.22151

Effects of prior information on decoding degraded speech: An fMRI study

Human Brain Mapping ◽

10.1002/hbm.22151 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 61-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Mareike Clos ◽

Robert Langner ◽

Martin Meyer ◽

Mathias S. Oechslin ◽

Karl Zilles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prior Information ◽

Degraded Speech ◽

Fmri Study

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An fMRI study investigating effects of conceptually related sentences on the perception of degraded speech

Cortex ◽

10.1016/j.cortex.2016.03.014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 57-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sara Guediche ◽

Megan Reilly ◽

Carolina Santiago ◽

Patryk Laurent ◽

Sheila E. Blumstein

Keyword(s):

Degraded Speech ◽

Fmri Study

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Comprehension of degraded speech sounds with m-sequence modulation: An fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.10.063 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 2697-2706 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Hiroshige Takeichi ◽

Sachiko Koyama ◽

Atsushi Terao ◽

Fumiya Takeuchi ◽

Yuko Toyosawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Speech Sounds ◽

Degraded Speech ◽

Fmri Study ◽

M Sequence

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Effects of Alphabet-Supplemented Speech on Brain Activity of Listeners: An fMRI Study

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2015_jslhr-s-14-0038 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 1452-1463 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kelene Fercho ◽

Lee A. Baugh ◽

Elizabeth K. Hanson

Keyword(s):

Speech Processing ◽

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Audiovisual Integration ◽

Degraded Speech ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Integration Sites

Purpose The purpose of this article was to examine the neural mechanisms associated with increases in speech intelligibility brought about through alphabet supplementation. Method Neurotypical participants listened to dysarthric speech while watching an accompanying video of a hand pointing to the 1st letter spoken of each word on an alphabet display (treatment condition) or a scrambled display (control condition). Their hemodynamic response was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging, using a sparse sampling event-related paradigm. Speech intelligibility was assessed via a forced-choice auditory identification task throughout the scanning session. Results Alphabet supplementation was associated with significant increases in speech intelligibility. Further, alphabet supplementation increased activation in brain regions known to be involved in both auditory speech and visual letter perception above that seen with the scrambled display. Significant increases in functional activity were observed within the posterior to mid superior temporal sulcus/superior temporal gyrus during alphabet supplementation, regions known to be involved in speech processing and audiovisual integration. Conclusion Alphabet supplementation is an effective tool for increasing the intelligibility of degraded speech and is associated with changes in activity within audiovisual integration sites. Changes in activity within the superior temporal sulcus/superior temporal gyrus may be related to the behavioral increases in intelligibility brought about by this augmented communication method.

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An Image Reconstruction System Applied to High Voltage Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100115080 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 292-293

Author(s):

D. E. Johnson

Keyword(s):

High Voltage ◽

Prior Information ◽

Block Diagram ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Real Space ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Efficient Manner ◽

Fourier Methods ◽

Tilt Series ◽

Methods Of Reconstruction

Increased specimen penetration; the principle advantage of high voltage microscopy, is accompanied by an increased need to utilize information on three dimensional specimen structure available in the form of two dimensional projections (i.e. micrographs). We are engaged in a program to develop methods which allow the maximum use of information contained in a through tilt series of micrographs to determine three dimensional speciman structure.In general, we are dealing with structures lacking in symmetry and with projections available from only a limited span of angles (±60°). For these reasons, we must make maximum use of any prior information available about the specimen. To do this in the most efficient manner, we have concentrated on iterative, real space methods rather than Fourier methods of reconstruction. The particular iterative algorithm we have developed is given in detail in ref. 3. A block diagram of the complete reconstruction system is shown in fig. 1.

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