scholarly journals A NOS1 variant implicated in cognitive performance influences evoked neural responses during a high density EEG study of early visual perception

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1202-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese O'Donoghue ◽  
Derek W. Morris ◽  
Ciara Fahey ◽  
Andreia Da Costa ◽  
John J. Foxe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Neural Responses

scholarly journals Blunted Neural Responses to Reward in Remitted Major Depression: A High-Density Event-Related Potential Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis E. Whitton ◽  
Pragya Kakani ◽  
Dan Foti ◽  
Ashlee Van’t Veer ◽  
Anja Haile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
High Density ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Potential Study

scholarly journals Visual Perception and Visuomotor Reaction Speed Are Independent of the Individual Alpha Frequency

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorben Hülsdünker ◽  
Andreas Mierau
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Alpha Frequency ◽  
Individual Alpha Frequency ◽  
Reaction Speed

While the resting-state individual alpha frequency (IAF) is related to the cognitive performance and temporal resolution of visual perception, it remains unclear how it affects the neural correlates of visual perception and reaction processes. This study aimed to unravel the relation between IAF, visual perception, and visuomotor reaction time. One hundred forty-eight (148) participants (28 non-athletes, 39 table tennis players, and 81 badminton players) investigated in three previous studies were considered. During a visuomotor reaction task, the visuomotor reaction time (VMRT) and EMG onset were determined. In addition, a 64-channel EEG system identified the N2, N2-r, and BA6 negativity potentials representing the visual and motor processes related to visuomotor reactions. Resting-state individual alpha frequency (IAF) in visual and motor regions was compared based on sport experience (athletes vs. non-athletes), discipline (badminton vs. table tennis), and reaction performance (fast vs. medium vs. slow reaction time). Further, the differences in the IAF were determined in relation to the speed of neural visual (high vs. medium vs. low N2/N2-r latency) and motor (high vs. medium vs. low BA6 negativity latency). Group comparisons did not reveal any difference in the IAF between athletes and non-athletes (p = 0.352, ηp2 = 0.02) or badminton and table tennis players (p = 0.221, ηp2 = 0.02). Similarly, classification based on the behavioral or neural performance indicators did not reveal any effects on the IAF (p ≥ 0.158, ηp2 ≤ 0.027). IAF was not correlated to any of the behavioral or neural parameters (r ≤ 0.10, p ≥ 0.221). In contrast to behavioral results on cognitive performance and visual temporal resolution, the resting state IAF seemed unrelated to the visual perception and visuomotor reaction speed in simple reaction tasks. Considering the previous results on the correlations between the IAF, cognitive abilities, and temporal sampling of visual information, the results suggest that a higher IAF may facilitate the amount and frequency but not the speed of information transfer.

scholarly journals Stimulating music supports attention in listeners with attentional difficulties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin JP Woods ◽  
Goncalo Sempaio ◽  
Tedra James ◽  
Emily Przysinda ◽  
Adam Hewett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Background Music ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Attentional Networks ◽  
Attentional Difficulties

Background music is widely used to sustain attention, but little is known about what musical properties aid attention. This may be due to inter-individual variability in neural responses to music. We test the hypothesis that music can sustain attention by affecting oscillations via acoustic amplitude modulation, differentially for those with varying levels of attentional difficulty. We first show that heavily-modulated music improves sustained attention for participants with more ADHD symptoms. FMRI showed this music elicited greater activity in attentional networks in this group only, and EEG showed greater stimulus-brain coupling for this group in response to the heavily-modulated music. Finally, we parametrically manipulated the depth and rate of amplitude modulations inserted in otherwise-identical music, and found that beta-range modulations helped more than other frequency ranges for participants with more ADHD symptoms. Results suggest the possibility of an oscillation-based neural mechanism for targeted music to support improved cognitive performance.

Visual perception and cognitive performance

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose E. Capo-Aponte ◽  
Leonard A. Temme ◽  
H. Lee Task ◽  
Alan R. Pinkus ◽  
Melvyn E. Kalich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Cognitive Performance

Cholesterol and cognitive performance among community volunteers from the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2087-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Chanti-Ketterl ◽  
Ross Andel ◽  
Ondrej Lerch ◽  
Jan Laczo ◽  
Jakub Hort
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTBackground:Research shows that lipid levels may be associated with cognitive function, particularly among women. We aimed to examine total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and HDL/LDL ratio in relation to cognitive performance, measured with six well-established cognitive domains and a composite cognitive score (CCS).Methods:In this cross-sectional study, biomarkers and neuropsychological assessment were available for 141 adults with MMSE scores ≥ 24 (mean age = 69 years, 47% female, mean education = 14.4 years) attending a neuropsychological evaluation. Ordinary least squares regressions were adjusted for age, gender, education, and depressive symptoms in Model 1 and also for apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) status in Model 2.Results:High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was associated with better CCS (β = 0.24; p = 0.014). This association was significant among women (β = 0.30; p = 0.026) and not among men (β = 0.20; p = 0.124). HDL-C was also related to attention/working memory (β = 0.24; p = 0.021), again only among women (β = 0.37; p = 0.012) and not men (β = 0.15; p = 0.271). Adjusting for APOE4 yielded significance for high HDL-C and CCS (β = 0.24; p = 0.022).Conclusions:HDL-C was the main lipoprotein affecting cognitive function, with results somewhat more pronounced among women. Research should investigate the possibility of finding ways to boost HDL-C levels to potentially promote cognitive function.

scholarly journals The auditory representation of speech sounds in human motor cortex

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Cheung ◽  
Liberty S Hamilton ◽  
Keith Johnson ◽  
Edward F Chang
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
High Density ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Auditory Representation ◽  
Human Motor

In humans, listening to speech evokes neural responses in the motor cortex. This has been controversially interpreted as evidence that speech sounds are processed as articulatory gestures. However, it is unclear what information is actually encoded by such neural activity. We used high-density direct human cortical recordings while participants spoke and listened to speech sounds. Motor cortex neural patterns during listening were substantially different than during articulation of the same sounds. During listening, we observed neural activity in the superior and inferior regions of ventral motor cortex. During speaking, responses were distributed throughout somatotopic representations of speech articulators in motor cortex. The structure of responses in motor cortex during listening was organized along acoustic features similar to auditory cortex, rather than along articulatory features as during speaking. Motor cortex does not contain articulatory representations of perceived actions in speech, but rather, represents auditory vocal information.

scholarly journals A Field Study of the Impact of Indoor Lighting on Visual Perception and Cognitive Performance in Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7436
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Zheng Huang ◽  
Zhijiang Li ◽  
Michael R. Pointer ◽  
Geng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
The Impact

In this field study, a series of psychophysical tests were conducted to investigate the impact of indoor lighting on students’ visual perception and cognitive performance. A typical classroom of Wuhan University (China) was fitted with tubular light-emitting diode (LED) sources and LED panel sources in two experiments, respectively. Under the two lighting environments, seventy-nine college students were invited to complete a group of visual tests, which included colour preference evaluations of fruit and vegetables and skin tone, perceptual judgement on the atmosphere of the lighting environment, a reading comfort assessment concerning different paper colours, a Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) test quantifying alertness, and the Anfimov test of attention (also concerning paper colours). These tests were conducted twice, before and after a two-hour self-study under each lighting environment, with the aim of investigating the impact of visual fatigue on visual perception and cognitive performance. It was found that the influence of indoor lighting was significant on skin preference and atmosphere perception, while no measured effects of lighting were observed on participant’s alertness and attention. Meanwhile, the impact of visual fatigue was also found to be insignificant in this case. Interestingly, paper colour, rather than indoor lighting, was found to have a significant impact on the visual comfort of text reading. In addition, degree of proficiency significantly influenced the proofreading speed and accuracy of the subjects the in Anfimov test, which we believe should be taken into consideration when implementing similar tests in follow-up studies. The preliminary findings of this field study should provide a deeper understanding of how changes in classroom lighting contribute to visual perception and cognitive performance of occupants.

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