scholarly journals The human dorsal premotor cortex facilitates the excitability of ipsilateral primary motor cortex via a short latency cortico-cortical route

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiu Groppa ◽  
Boris H. Schlaak ◽  
Alexander Münchau ◽  
Nicole Werner-Petroll ◽  
Janin Dünnweber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Short Latency ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex

scholarly journals Interactions between pairs of transcranial magnetic stimuli over the human left dorsal premotor cortex differ from those seen in primary motor cortex

2007 ◽  
Vol 578 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Koch ◽  
Michele Franca ◽  
Hitoshi Mochizuki ◽  
Barbara Marconi ◽  
Carlo Caltagirone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex

A novel dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigm to probe fast facilitatory inputs from ipsilateral dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex

NeuroImage ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 500-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiu Groppa ◽  
Nicole Werner-Petroll ◽  
Alexander Münchau ◽  
Günther Deuschl ◽  
Matthew F.S. Ruschworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex ◽  
Stimulation Paradigm ◽  
Dual Site

Reduced dorsal premotor cortex and primary motor cortex connectivity in older adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Ni ◽  
Reina Isayama ◽  
Gabriel Castillo ◽  
Carolyn Gunraj ◽  
Utpal Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex

scholarly journals Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9253
Author(s):  
Hai-Jiang Meng ◽  
Na Cao ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yan-Ling Pi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Intracortical Inhibition ◽  
Corticospinal Excitability ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Intracortical Facilitation ◽  
Theta Burst

Background Motor information in the brain is transmitted from the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to the primary motor cortex (M1), where it is further processed and relayed to the spinal cord to eventually generate muscle movement. However, how information from the PMd affects M1 processing and the final output is unclear. Here, we applied intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the PMd to alter cortical excitability not only at the application site but also at the PMd projection site of M1. We aimed to determine how PMd iTBS–altered information changed M1 processing and the corticospinal output. Methods In total, 16 young, healthy participants underwent PMd iTBS with 600 pulses (iTBS600) or sham-iTBS600. Corticospinal excitability, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation before and up to 60 min after stimulation. Results Corticospinal excitability in M1 was significantly greater 15 min after PMd iTBS600 than that after sham-iTBS600 (p = 0.012). Compared with that after sham-iTBS600, at 0 (p = 0.014) and 15 (p = 0.037) min after iTBS600, SICI in M1 was significantly decreased, whereas 15 min after iTBS600, ICF in M1 was significantly increased (p = 0.033). Conclusion Our results suggested that projections from the PMd to M1 facilitated M1 corticospinal output and that this facilitation may be attributable in part to decreased intracortical inhibition and increased intracortical facilitation in M1. Such a facilitatory network may inform future understanding of the allocation of resources to achieve optimal motion output.

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