scholarly journals Functional magnetic resonance imaging response to increased verbal working memory demands among patients with multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Sweet ◽  
Stephen M. Rao ◽  
Margaret Primeau ◽  
Sally Durgerian ◽  
Ronald A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Response

A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of Verbal Working Memory in Adolescents With Specific Language Impairment

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ellis Weismer ◽  
Elena Plante ◽  
Maura Jones ◽  
J. Bruce Tomblin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Specific Language

This study used neuroimaging and behavioral techniques to examine the claim that processing capacity limitations underlie specific language impairment (SLI). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate verbal working memory in adolescents with SLI and normal language (NL) controls. The experimental task involved a modified listening span measure that included sentence encoding and recognition of final words in prior sets of sentences. The SLI group performed significantly poorer than the NL group for both encoding and recognition and displayed slower reaction times for correct responses on high complexity encoding items. fMRI results revealed that the SLI group exhibited significant hypoactivation during encoding in regions that have been implicated in attentional and memory processes, as well as hypoactivation during recognition in regions associated with language processing. Correlational analyses indicated that adolescents with SLI exhibited different patterns of coordinating activation among brain regions relative to controls for both encoding and recognition, suggesting reliance on a less functional network. These findings are interpreted as supporting the notion that constraints in nonlinguistic systems play a role in SLI.

When less is more: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of verbal working memory in remitted depressed patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Norbury ◽  
B. Godlewska ◽  
P. J. Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
Depressed Patients

BackgroundPatients with depression show abnormalities in the neural circuitry supporting working memory. However, it is unclear if these abnormalities are present in unmedicated remitted depressed patients. To address this question, the current study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in combination with a simple verbal n-back task, in a cohort of unmedicated remitted depressed patients.MethodWe studied 15 healthy control subjects (HC) and 15 unmedicated remitted depressed patients (rMDD). Participants performed a verbal working memory task of varying cognitive load (n-back) while undergoing fMRI. We used multiple regression analyses to assess overall capacity (1-, 2-, 3-back versus 0-back) as well as quadratic modulation of cognitive demand.ResultsPerformance accuracy and response latency did not differ between groups, and overall capacity was similar. However, rMDD showed a positive quadratic load response in the bilateral hippocampus; the converse was true for HC.ConclusionsOur data suggest that remitted depression was associated with a perturbed pattern of activation in the bilateral hippocampus during a verbal working memory task. We propose that a reduced ability to dampen task-irrelevant activity may reflect a neurobiological risk factor for recurrent depression.

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