scholarly journals Longitudinal changes in global and domain specific cognitive function in the very-old: findings from the Newcastle 85+ Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blossom C. M. Stephan ◽  
Graciela Muniz-Terrera ◽  
Antoneta Granic ◽  
Joanna Collerton ◽  
Karen Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Domain Specific

scholarly journals Differential effects of body mass index on domain-specific cognitive outcomes after stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwoo Lee ◽  
Mi Sun Oh ◽  
San Jung ◽  
Ju-Hun Lee ◽  
Chul-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractAlthough the obesity paradox is an important modifiable factor in cardiovascular diseases, little research has been conducted to determine how it affects post-stroke cognitive function. We aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and domain-specific cognitive outcomes, focusing on the subdivision of each frontal domain function in post-ischemic stroke survivors. A total of 335 ischemic stroke patients were included in the study after completion of the Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) and the vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards neuropsychological protocol at 3 months after stroke. Frontal lobe functions were analyzed using semantic/phonemic fluency, processing speed, and mental set shifting. Our study participants were categorized into four groups according to BMI quartiles. The z-scores of K-MMSE at 3 months differed significantly between the groups after adjustment for initial stroke severity (p = 0.014). Global cognitive function in stroke survivors in the Q1 (the lowest quartile) BMI group was significantly lower than those in Q2 and Q4 (the highest quartile) BMI groups (K-MMSE z-scores, Q1: − 2.10 ± 3.40 vs. Q2: 0.71 ± 1.95 and Q4: − 1.21 ± 1.65). Controlled oral word association test findings indicated that phonemic and semantic word fluency was lower in Q4 BMI group participants than in Q2 BMI group participants (p = 0.016 and p = 0.023 respectively). BMI might differentially affect cognitive domains after ischemic stroke. Although being underweight may negatively affect global cognition post-stroke, obesity could induce frontal lobe dysfunctions, specifically phonemic and semantic word fluency.

scholarly journals Effects of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene on Memory and Other Cognitive Abilities: Cognition in the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (31) ◽  
pp. 5144-5152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Legault ◽  
Pauline M. Maki ◽  
Susan M. Resnick ◽  
Laura Coker ◽  
Patricia Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Modulators ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The One

Purpose To compare the effects of two selective estrogen receptor modulators, tamoxifen and raloxifene, on global and domain-specific cognitive function. Patients and Methods The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project's Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) study was a randomized clinical trial of tamoxifen 20 mg/d or raloxifene 60 mg/d in healthy postmenopausal women at increased risk of breast cancer. The 1,498 women who were randomly assigned in STAR were age 65 years and older, were not diagnosed with dementia, and were enrolled onto the Cognition in the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (Co-STAR) trial, beginning 18 months after STAR enrollment started. A cognitive test battery modeled after the one used in the Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging (WHISCA) was administered. Technicians were centrally trained to administer the battery and recertified every 6 months. Analyses were conducted on all participants and on 273 women who completed the first cognitive battery before they started taking their medications. Results Overall, there were no significant differences in adjusted mean cognitive scores between the two treatment groups across visits. There were significant time effects across the three visits for some of the cognitive measures. Similar results were obtained for the subset of women with true baseline measures. Conclusion Tamoxifen and raloxifene are associated with similar patterns of cognitive function in postmenopausal women at increased risk of breast cancer. Future comparisons between these findings and patterns of cognitive function in hormone therapy and placebo groups in WHISCA should provide additional insights into the effects of tamoxifen and raloxifene on cognitive function in older women.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns are associated with cognitive function in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith E. Pearson ◽  
Virginia G. Wadley ◽  
Leslie A. McClure ◽  
James M. Shikany ◽  
Fred W. Unverzagt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Word List ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Status Score

AbstractIdentifying factors that contribute to the preservation of cognitive function is imperative to maintaining quality of life in advanced years. Of modifiable risk factors, diet quality has emerged as a promising candidate to make an impact on cognition. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between empirically derived dietary patterns and cognitive function. This study included 18 080 black and white participants aged 45 years and older from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Principal component analysis on data from the Block98 FFQ yielded five dietary patterns: convenience, plant-based, sweets/fats, Southern, and alcohol/salads. Incident cognitive impairment was defined as shifting from intact cognitive status (score >4) at first assessment to impaired cognitive status (score ≤4) at latest assessment, measured by the Six-Item Screener. Learning, memory and executive function were evaluated with the Word List Learning, Word List Delayed Recall, and animal fluency assessments. In fully adjusted models, greater consumption of the alcohol/salads pattern was associated with lower odds of incident cognitive impairment (highest quintile (Q5)v. lowest quintile (Q1): OR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·56, 0·84;Pfor trend 0·0005). Greater consumption of the alcohol/salads pattern was associated with higher scores on all domain-specific assessments and greater consumption of the plant-based pattern was associated with higher scores in learning and memory. Greater consumption of the Southern pattern was associated with lower scores on each domain-specific assessment (allP < 0·05). In conclusion, dietary patterns including plant-based foods and alcohol intake were associated with higher cognitive scores, and a pattern including fried food and processed meat typical of a Southern diet was associated with lower scores.

Association of combined engagement in cognitive and physical activity with domain‐specific cognitive function: The Shanghai Aging Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Wanqing Wu ◽  
Qianhua Zhao ◽  
Zhenxu Xiao ◽  
Xiaoniu Liang ◽  
Jianfeng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Aging Study

Anaemia and physical and mental health in the very old: An individual participant data meta-analysis of four longitudinal studies of ageing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Palapar ◽  
Ngaire Kerse ◽  
Anna Rolleston ◽  
Wendy P J den Elzen ◽  
Jacobijn Gussekloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objective To determine the physical and mental health of very old people (aged 80+) with anaemia. Methods Individual level meta-analysis from five cohorts of octogenarians (n = 2,392): LiLACS NZ Māori, LiLACS NZ non-Māori, Leiden 85-plus Study, Newcastle 85+ Study, and TOOTH. Mixed models of change in functional ability, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health over time were separately fitted for each cohort. We combined individual cohort estimates of differences according to the presence of anaemia at baseline, adjusting for age at entry, sex, and time elapsed. Combined estimates are presented as differences in standard deviation units (i.e. standardised mean differences–SMDs). Results The combined prevalence of anaemia was 30.2%. Throughout follow-up, participants with anaemia, on average, had: worse functional ability (SMD −0.42 of a standard deviation across cohorts; CI -0.59,-0.25); worse cognitive scores (SMD -0.27; CI -0.39,-0.15); worse depression scores (SMD -0.20; CI -0.31,-0.08); and lower ratings of their own health (SMD -0.36; CI -0.47,-0.25). Differential rates of change observed were: larger declines in functional ability for those with anaemia (SMD −0.12 over five years; CI -0.21,-0.03) and smaller mean difference in depression scores over time between those with and without anaemia (SMD 0.18 over five years; CI 0.05,0.30). Conclusion Anaemia in the very old is a common condition associated with worse functional ability, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health, and a more rapid decline in functional ability over time. The question remains as to whether anaemia itself contributes to worse outcomes or is simply a marker of chronic diseases and nutrient deficiencies.

scholarly journals Waist Circumference and Domain-Specific Cognitive Function Among Non-Demented Japanese Older Adults Stratified by Sex: Results from the Takashima Cognition Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-896
Author(s):  
Takashi Waki ◽  
Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno ◽  
Naoyuki Takashima ◽  
Hajime Takechi ◽  
Takehito Hayakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

scholarly journals Physical activity and domain‐specific cognitive function: The Shanghai Aging Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanqing Wu ◽  
Ding Ding ◽  
Qianhua Zhao ◽  
Zhenxu Xiao ◽  
Xiaoniu Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Aging Study

Tooth loss and caries prevalence in very old Swedish people: the relationship to cognitive function and functional ability

Gerodontology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Avlund ◽  
Poul Holm-Pedersen ◽  
Douglas E. Morse ◽  
Matti Viitanen ◽  
Bengt Winblad
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Old Swedish ◽  
The Relationship
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