Carer burden in dementia—assessing the impact of behavioural and psychological symptoms via self-report questionnaire

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Neil ◽  
Peter Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Carer Burden ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals 412 - An Affect Education Model for Caregivers: Managing Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
Ken Schwartz ◽  
Robert Madan ◽  
Rosalind Sham ◽  
Sandra Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Education Model ◽  
The Impact

Introduction:Providing care for people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia is stressful as these individuals are commonly labelled as aggressive or resistant to care. Few studies have evaluated the impact of providing support to professional caregivers working in long-term care. Our mixed methods pilot study evaluated the impact of the innovative Affect Education Model among health care providers from two Toronto nursing homes.Methods:The two-person centred Affect Educational Model through the use of seven questions that encourage self-reflection teaches that problematic behaviours are co-constructed between individuals with BPSD and caregivers. Study procedures included recruiting nursing staff and personal support workers and teaching them the model in five weekly 30-minute group sessions. Qualitative measures in the form of focus groups were obtained. Quantitative measures were obtained through the use of five questionnaires.Results:Qualitative findings from focus groups identified four themes: facilitators and barriers perceived in current care delivery, the impact of the model experience on staff care delivery, reflections on being taught the model, and future model implementation. Quantitative results were also collected and discussed.Conclusions:The use of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of individuals with BPSD may be greatly enhanced by an interpersonal two-person Affect Education Model that emphasizes the importance of calming down and self-reflection. Future directions include expanding the model to family caregivers through the use of multimedia resources.

Impact of an educational workshop upon psychiatrists’ attitudes towards delirium care

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
N. A. O’Regan ◽  
M. M. Mohamad ◽  
D. J. Meagher
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Bedside Test ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Hypoactive Delirium ◽  
Perceived Relevance ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Educational Workshop

ObjectivesImproving knowledge about delirium care is a key target for health care. We describe the implementation of a four-part workshop focusing upon key aspects of delirium care.MethodsAttitudes towards and understanding of delirium diagnosis and management amongst psychiatrists were surveyed before and immediately after an educational workshop.ResultsThere were 62 participants. Pre-workshop, delirium was rated highly relevant to psychiatry. Overall level of confidence in diagnosis was modest, with the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia considered the most challenging differential diagnosis. Only nine participants (15%) correctly identified DSM-5 delirium criteria. Preferred assessment of attention varied with six different approaches endorsed. Confidence was higher for managing hyperactive compared with hypoactive delirium (p<0.001). Pharmacotherapy was more frequently endorsed for hyperactive compared with hypoactive presentations, with haloperidol the most popular agent (p<0.001). A total of 41 (66%) participants completed post-workshop assessments. Post-workshop, there were significant increases to the perceived relevance of delirium (p = 0.003), confidence in overall diagnosis (p<0.001) accuracy of awareness of DSM-5 criteria (p<0.001), and confidence in treating different presentations (p<0.001). The Months Backward Test was the preferred bedside test of attention (38/40 respondents).ConclusionsThis interactive educational intervention impacted positively upon knowledge and attitudes amongst psychiatrists towards key aspects of delirium care. Further investigation can examine the impact upon longer term knowledge and behaviour.

A systematic review of the association between individual behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia and carer burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-203
Author(s):  
Catriona George ◽  
Nuno Ferreira ◽  
Rosalind Evans ◽  
Victoria Honeyman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carer Burden ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Focus Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to systematically review the association between behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and the development of carer burden. Although this association has been well established in the literature, it is not clear whether there are individual symptoms or clusters of symptoms that are particularly burdensome for carers. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the available literature was carried out to determine whether any specific symptom or cluster of symptoms was most closely associated with carer burden. In addition, the categorisation of behavioural symptoms, conceptualisations of burden and methods of measurement used were examined and quality of the studies appraised. Findings A total of 21 studies measured the association between at least one individual symptom or symptom cluster and carer burden, with all studies finding at least one symptom to be significantly associated with burden. The majority of studies were of fair to good quality. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in focus, analysis, recruitment and measurement of behaviour and burden. Originality/value Symptoms, which were found to be significantly associated with carer burden, were aggression/agitation, frontal systems behaviour, disinhibition, disrupted eating and sleeping behaviour, unusual motor behaviour, anxiety and psychotic symptoms. However, because of the heterogeneity of studies, there was insufficient evidence to establish whether any symptoms are more important than others in the development of carer burden. Future focus on clarifying the dimensions of carer burden and the mechanisms by which BPSD impact negatively on carers could inform the development of effective interventions.

scholarly journals Responses to an ACT-based intervention according to binge eating severity in women

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breno Irigoyen de Freitas ◽  
Ana Carolina Maciel Cancian ◽  
Renata Klein Zancan ◽  
Margareth Da Silva Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Binge Eating ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Workshop Intervention ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Evidence indicates that binge eating correlates with weight related psychological symptoms and can interfere in successful weight management interventions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based intervention according to binge eating severity in overweight and obese women, analyzing differences on weight related psychological symptoms and weight loss after the intervention. Participants (56) were recruited to take part on a 7-hour workshop intervention based on ACT and assessed at posttest and 3-month follow up. The outcomes were assessed using the following self –report measures: BES, AAQ-W, CFQ, BSQ, MEQ. Different symptom reduction profiles were identified according to binge eating severity. The group with severe symptoms had a larger effect size when compared to other groups. Binge eating symptoms severity seems to influence treatment response in a brief ACT based intervention. Future exploration of the underlying mechanisms of binge eating are warranted.

scholarly journals Administering Virtual Reality Therapy to Manage Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Dementia Admitted to an Acute-care Hospital: Results of a Pilot Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lora Appel ◽  
Erika Kisonas ◽  
Eva Appel ◽  
Jennifer Klein ◽  
Deanna Bartlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Acute Care Hospital ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND As Virtual Reality (VR) technologies become increasingly accessible and affordable, clinicians are eager to try VR-therapy as a novel means to manage Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) which are exacerbated during acute-care hospitalization, with the goal of reducing the use for antipsychotics, sedatives, and physical restraints, associated with negative side-effects, increased length of stay, and caregiver burden. To date no evaluations of immersive VR-therapy have been reported for patients with dementia in acute-care hospitals. OBJECTIVE Determine the feasibility (acceptance, comfort, safety) of using immersive VR-therapy for people living with dementia (mild, moderate, and advanced) during acute-care hospitalization, and explore its potential to manage BPSD. METHODS A prospective longitudinal pilot-study was conducted at a community teaching hospital in Toronto. Ten patients over 65 years (mean = 87) diagnosed with dementia, participated in one or more sessions of viewing immersive 360° VR-footage of nature scenes displayed on Samsung Gear-VR head-mounted-display. The mixed-methods study included patient chart review, standardized observations during intervention, and pre- and post-intervention semi-structured interviews about the VR experience. RESULTS All recruited participants completed the study. Seven out of ten participants displayed enjoyment or relaxation during a VR session, which averaged 6 minutes per viewing. One participant experienced dizziness; no interference between VR equipment and hearing aids or medical devices was reported. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to expose older adults with various degrees of dementia admitted to an acute-care hospital, to immersive VR-therapy. This pilot provides the basis for conducting the first RCT to evaluate the impact of VR-therapy on managing BPSD in acute-care hospitals. CLINICALTRIAL Research Ethics Board ID: 748-1806-Mis-321 Clinical Trials.gov registration: NCT03941119

scholarly journals Bullying and bystander behaviour and health outcomes among adolescents in Ireland

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Callaghan ◽  
Colette Kelly ◽  
Michal Molcho
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Excellent Health ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundLittle is known about the impact of being a bystander to bullying. This study compared health outcomes among bullies, victims and bystanders, and investigated actions taken by bystanders when they saw bullying.MethodParticipants included 7522 students aged 12–18 years that completed self-report questionnaires in the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey. Binary logistic regression models (controlled for bully, victim, bystander status and demographic variables) were used to investigate the associations between participation in bullying as a bully, victim and bystander and health outcomes.ResultsOverall, 13.3% of adolescents reported being a bully, 25.1% reported being a victim and 30.5% reported that they saw bullying, in the last couple of months. Bystanders were significantly more likely to experience psychological symptoms (OR 1.355), somatic symptoms (OR 1.392) and low life satisfaction (OR 1.268) than those who were not bystanders. Helping the victim was significantly associated with experiencing psychological symptoms (OR 1.240), somatic symptoms (OR 1.251) and low life satisfaction (OR 1.198). Being a bully was significantly associated with experiencing psychological symptoms (OR 1.382) and not having excellent health (OR 1.252). Victims were significantly more likely to experience psychological symptoms (OR 2.437), somatic symptoms (OR 2.364), low life satisfaction (OR 2.564) and not having excellent health (OR 1.559).ConclusionIn Ireland, being a bystander to bullying is more prevalent in schools than bullying perpetration or victimisation. The impact of being a bystander to bullying needs to be highlighted and included in intervention development.

The Impact of a Defensive Response Set on the Relationship Between MMPI and Cognitive Tests Among Heart Transplant Candidates

Assessment ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Putzke ◽  
Mark A. Williams ◽  
Cheryl L. Millsaps ◽  
Harry J. McCarty ◽  
Richard L. Azrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cardiac Transplant ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Defensive Response ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Response Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Examination of the relationship between self-reported psychological symptoms (e.g., depression and anxiety) and cognitive tests assumes individuals are highly motivated to both openly disclose psychological symptoms and to extend best-effort on cognitive tests. Situations that change this ideal motivational state on either self-report questionnaires or cognitive tests attenuate the validity of this assumption. To illustrate this problem, this study examined the emotional-cognitive correlation in a clinical series of 136 cardiac patients undergoing psychosocial and cognitive evaluation as part of a standard protocol for entry into a cardiac transplant program. The evaluative nature of the psychosocial assessment motivates some candidates to respond in a defensive manner, thereby decreasing the validity of self-report psychological measures. This same situation likely promotes high performance motivation on cognitive tests. It was hypothesized that a defensive response set on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), as measured by the F-K (Frequency-Correction) Gough Dissimulation Index, would attenuate the strength of the emotional-cognitive relationship. Cognitive factor scores were generated and correlated with the MMPI state clinical scales (i.e., scales 2, 7, and 8) for both nondefensive and defensive ( F-K ≥ −15) groups. Results show increased emotional distress was reliably associated with decreased cognitive functioning ( rs = −.22 to −.27) among the nondefensive group, but was unrelated in the defensive group. The importance of considering the influence of performance contingencies within research and clinical settings is discussed.

The impact of vascular burden on behavioural and psychological symptoms in older adults with dementia: the BEVASDE study

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Manso-Calderón ◽  
Purificación Cacabelos-Pérez ◽  
María D. Sevillano-García ◽  
María E. Herrero-Prieto ◽  
Rogelio González-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vascular Burden

scholarly journals Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: Correlates and Impact on Caregiver Distress

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adreesh Mukherjee ◽  
Atanu Biswas ◽  
Arijit Roy ◽  
Samar Biswas ◽  
Goutam Gangopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caregiver Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Severity Of Dementia ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Impact

Aims: To evaluate the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), to determine their correlation with types and stages of dementia and patient demographics, and to assess the impact on caregiver distress. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited consecutive dementia patients and caregivers who attended our cognitive clinic. Standard criteria were used to classify types of dementia. BPSD were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and its distress scale was used for caregiver distress. Results: Of a total 107 patients, nearly all (99.1%) had at least one BPSD; 71% had ≥4 symptoms. Most frequent were apathy and agitation, followed by irritability, sleep and appetite disorders, and mood disorders; disinhibition and euphoria were least frequent. BPSD were less prominent with increasing age; males showed more agitation. Apathy and eating disorders were more prevalent in the rural community. BPSD were highest in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), followed by dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and least in vascular dementia. Hallucinations were more common in DLB, aberrant motor behaviour in FTD. All domains of BPSD, except for anxiety and euphoria, were more prominent with increasing severity of dementia. Increasing BPSD (except for euphoria) caused higher caregiver distress. Conclusion: BPSD are universally present, bear correlates with dementia type and severity, and cause significant caregiver distress.

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