The thrombin receptor modulates astroglia‐neuron trophic coupling and neural repair after spinal cord injury

Glia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Neui Kim ◽  
Erin M. Triplet ◽  
Maja Radulovic ◽  
Samantha Bouchal ◽  
Laurel S. Kleppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Thrombin Receptor ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Trophic Coupling

Spinal cord injury and neural repair: focus on neuroregenerative approaches for spinal cord injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl C Baptiste ◽  
Allyson Tighe ◽  
Michael G Fehlings
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Elevated Serum Melatonin under Constant Darkness Enhances Neural Repair in Spinal Cord Injury through Regulation of Circadian Clock Proteins Expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunkyung Hong ◽  
Yunho Jin ◽  
Kanghui Park ◽  
Jeonghyun Choi ◽  
Hyunbon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Constant Dark ◽  
Endogenous Melatonin

We investigated the effects of environmental lighting conditions regulating endogenous melatonin production on neural repair, following experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). Rats were divided into three groups randomly: the SCI + L/D (12/12-h light/dark), SCI + LL (24-h constant light), and SCI + DD (24-h constant dark) groups. Controlled light/dark cycle was pre-applied 2 weeks before induction of spinal cord injury. There was a significant increase in motor recovery as well as body weight from postoperative day (POD) 7 under constant darkness. However, spontaneous elevation of endogenous melatonin in cerebrospinal fluid was seen at POD 3 in all of the SCI rats, which was enhanced in SCI + DD group. Augmented melatonin concentration under constant dark condition resulted in facilitation of neuronal differentiation as well as inhibition of primary cell death. In the rostrocaudal region, elevated endogenous melatonin concentration promoted neural remodeling in acute phase including oligodendrogenesis, excitatory synaptic formation, and axonal outgrowth. The changes were mediated via NAS-TrkB-AKT/ERK signal transduction co-regulated by the circadian clock mechanism, leading to rapid motor recovery. In contrast, exposure to constant light exacerbated the inflammatory responses and neuroglial loss. These results suggest that light/dark control in the acute phase might be a considerable environmental factor for a favorable prognosis after SCI.

Rehabilitation Medicine Implications of Stem Cell Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury–A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
U Singh ◽  
Gita Handa ◽  
K B Sumalatha
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Rehabilitation Medicine ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Task Oriented

Abstract The life expectancy in spinal cord injury has increased but no cure has been found yet. Stem cell therapy in the spinal cord injury stands high hopes of neural repair and regeneration and getting back to normal life. But for its fruitful result it is essential to know the pathophysiology of the spinal cord injury and also the treatment should be appropriately timed according to the stages of injury. Regular follow-up of these patients is very important as stem cell therapy alone without appropriate rehabilitation may not only result in failure of therapy but also patients may end up in complications such as UTI, bed sores etc. Role of rehab in spinal cord injury with respect to physiological and task oriented neuroplasticity has shown benefits in animal studies. Rehabilitation programme integrated with the stem cell therapy may help to improve the functional outcome.

scholarly journals Epigenetics of Neural Repair Following Spinal Cord Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa M. York ◽  
Audrey Petit ◽  
A. Jane Roskams
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Sustained delivery of neurotrophic factors to treat spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 494-511
Author(s):  
Aikeremujiang Muheremu ◽  
Li Shu ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
Abudunaibi Aili ◽  
Kan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Psychological Harm

Abstract Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that results in tremendous physical and psychological harm and a series of socioeconomic problems. Although neurons in the spinal cord need neurotrophic factors for their survival and development to reestablish their connections with their original targets, endogenous neurotrophic factors are scarce and the sustainable delivery of exogeneous neurotrophic factors is challenging. The widely studied neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, nerve growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor have a relatively short cycle that is not sufficient enough for functionally significant neural regeneration after SCI. In the past decades, scholars have tried a variety of cellular and viral vehicles as well as tissue engineering scaffolds to safely and sustainably deliver those necessary neurotrophic factors to the injury site, and achieved satisfactory neural repair and functional recovery on many occasions. Here, we review the neurotrophic factors that have been used in trials to treat SCI, and vehicles that were commonly used for their sustained delivery.

scholarly journals Diversified transcriptional responses of myeloid and glial cells in spinal cord injury shaped by HDAC3 activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. eabd8811
Author(s):  
Shalaka Wahane ◽  
Xianxiao Zhou ◽  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Marie-Sophie Friedl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Microglial Cell ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Histone Deacetylase 3 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Epigenetic Regulator

The innate immune response influences neural repair after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we combined myeloid-specific transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing to uncover not only a common core but also temporally distinct gene programs in injury-activated microglia and macrophages (IAM). Intriguingly, we detected a wide range of microglial cell states even in healthy spinal cord. Upon injury, IAM progressively acquired overall reparative, yet diversified transcriptional profiles, each comprising four transcriptional subtypes with specialized tasks. Notably, IAM have both distinct and common gene signatures as compared to neurodegeneration-associated microglia, both engaging phagocytosis, autophagy, and TyroBP pathways. We also identified an immediate response microglia subtype serving as a source population for microglial transformation and a proliferative subtype controlled by the epigenetic regulator histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Together, our data unveil diversification of myeloid and glial subtypes in SCI and an extensive influence of HDAC3, which may be exploited to enhance functional recovery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document