scholarly journals Erythropoietin promotes Schwann cell migration and assembly of the provisional extracellular matrix by recruiting β1 integrin to the cell surface

Glia ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. NA-NA ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Inoue ◽  
Alban Gaultier ◽  
Xiaoqing Li ◽  
Elisabetta Mantuano ◽  
George Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Β1 Integrin ◽  
Schwann Cell Migration

Functionalization of Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Fibers with the Extracellular Matrix-Derived Peptide GRGDS Improves Guidance of Schwann Cell Migration and Axonal Growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 475-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Bockelmann ◽  
Kristina Klinkhammer ◽  
Alexander von Holst ◽  
Nadine Seiler ◽  
Andreas Faissner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Schwann Cell Migration

Regulation of expression of fibronectin and its receptor, alpha 5 beta 1, during development and regeneration of peripheral nerve

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lefcort ◽  
K. Venstrom ◽  
J.A. McDonald ◽  
L.F. Reichardt
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Integrin Receptor ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Peripheral Neurons ◽  
Schwann Cell Migration ◽  
Regenerating Nerve

The extracellular matrix glycoprotein, fibronectin, is a potent promoter of peripheral neurite outgrowth. Interactions of peripheral neurons with fibronectin have been shown to be primarily mediated by the beta 1 class of integrin heterodimers. In the present study, we have examined the expression and regulation of fibronectin and its integrin receptor, alpha 5 beta 1, in developing and regenerating chick peripheral nerve. We show that fibronectin and alpha 5 beta 1 are expressed at comparatively high levels in developing nerve with alpha 5 beta 1 expression on axons and non-neuronal cells. With nerve maturation, both proteins are less prominently expressed and the cellular pattern of alpha 5 beta 1 expression becomes more restricted. Following lesion of mature nerve, both fibronectin and alpha 5 beta 1 are strongly induced with prominent expression of alpha 5 beta 1 on regenerating neurites and Schwann cells. The elevation in fibronectin levels in the regenerating nerve is highest in the vicinity of the lesion, an area undergoing extensive cellular remodeling including Schwann cell migration and growth cone extension. Our results suggest that fibronectin and its receptor, alpha 5 beta 1, may mediate functionally important interactions in the development and regeneration of peripheral nerve.

scholarly journals Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and its receptor, LPA1, influence embryonic schwann cell migration, myelination, and cell-to-axon segregation

Glia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2009-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Anliker ◽  
Ji Woong Choi ◽  
Mu-En Lin ◽  
Shannon E. Gardell ◽  
Richard R. Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Schwann Cell Migration

scholarly journals ErbB2 directly activates the exchange factor Dock7 to promote Schwann cell migration

2008 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji Yamauchi ◽  
Yuki Miyamoto ◽  
Jonah R. Chan ◽  
Akito Tanoue
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Nucleotide Exchange ◽  
Exchange Factor ◽  
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange ◽  
Nucleotide Exchange Factor ◽  
Schwann Cell Migration ◽  
Subsequent Activation

The cellular events that precede myelination in the peripheral nervous system require rapid and dynamic morphological changes in the Schwann cell. These events are thought to be mainly controlled by axonal signals. But how signals on the axons are coordinately organized and transduced to promote proliferation, migration, radial sorting, and myelination is unknown. We describe that the axonal signal neuregulin-1 (NRG1) controls Schwann cell migration via activation of the atypical Dock180-related guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Dock7 and subsequent activation of the Rho guanine triphosphatases (GTPases) Rac1 and Cdc42 and the downstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase. We show that the NRG1 receptor ErbB2 directly binds and activates Dock7 by phosphorylating Tyr-1118. Dock7 knockdown, or expression of Dock7 harboring the Tyr-1118–to–Phe mutation in Schwann cells, attenuates the effects of NRG1. Thus, Dock7 functions as an intracellular substrate for ErbB2 to promote Schwann cell migration. This provides an unanticipated mechanism through which ligand-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation can trigger the activation of Rho GTPase-GEFs of the Dock180 family.

Cell Adhesion

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Mark Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayer ◽  
Cell Cell

The external surface of the cell consists of a phospholipid bilayer which carries a carbohydrate-rich coat called the glycocalyx; ionizable groups within the glycocalyx, such as sialic acid (N-acetyl neuraminate), contribute a net negative charge to the cell surface. Many of the carbohydrates that form the glycocalyx are bound to membrane-associated proteins. Each of these components— phospholipid bilayer, carbohydrate-rich coat, membrane-associated protein—has distinct physicochemical characteristics and is abundant. Plasma membranes contain ∼50% protein, ∼45% lipid, and ∼5% carbohydrate by weight. Therefore, each component influences cell interactions with the external environment in important ways. Cells can become attached to surfaces. The surface of interest may be geometrically complex (for example, the surface of another cell, a virus, a fiber, or an irregular object), but this chapter will focus on adhesion between a cell and a planar surface. The consequences of cell–cell adhesion are considered further in Chapter 8 (Cell Aggregation and Tissue Equivalents) and Chapter 9 (Tissue Barriers to Molecular and Cellular Transport). The consequences of cell–substrate adhesion are considered further in Chapter 7 (Cell Migration) and Chapter 12 (Cell Interactions with Polymers). Since the growth and function of many tissue-derived cells required attachment and spreading on a solid substrate, the events surrounding cell adhesion are fundamentally important. In addition, the strength of cell adhesion is an important determinant of the rate of cell migration, the kinetics of cell–cell aggregation, and the magnitude of tissue barriers to cell and molecule transport. Cell adhesion is therefore a major consideration in the development of methods and materials for cell delivery, tissue engineering, and tissue regeneration. The most stable and versatile mechanism for cell adhesion involves the specific association of cell surface glycoproteins, called receptors, and complementary molecules in the extracellular space, called ligands. Ligands may exist freely in the extracellular space, they may be associated with the extracellular matrix, or they may be attached to the surface of another cell. Cell–cell adhesion can occur by homophilic binding of identical receptors on different cells, by heterophilic binding of a receptor to a ligand expressed on the surface of a different cell, or by association of two receptors with an intermediate linker. Cell–matrix adhesion usually occurs by heterophilic binding of a receptor to a ligand attached to an insoluble element of the extracellular matrix.

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