scholarly journals β2 Adrenergic receptor activation induces microglial NADPH oxidase activation and dopaminergic neurotoxicity through an ERK-dependent/protein kinase A-independent pathway

Glia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (15) ◽  
pp. 1600-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Qian ◽  
Xiaoming Hu ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Amanda Snyder ◽  
Hung-Ming Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Dependent Protein Kinase ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Β2 Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Nadph Oxidase Activation ◽  
Kinase A

scholarly journals AniScan Using Extracellular Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A as a Serum Biomarker Assay for the Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors in Dogs

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4075
Author(s):  
Ji-Eun Lee ◽  
Woo-Jin Song ◽  
Hunjoo Lee ◽  
Byung-Gak Kim ◽  
Taeho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Dependent Protein Kinase ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Kinase A

The early detection of tumors improves chances of decreased morbidity and prolonged survival. Serum biomarkers are convenient to use and have several advantages over other approaches, such as accuracy and straightforward protocols. Reliable biomarkers from easily accessible sources are warranted for the development of cost-effective assays for routine screening, particularly in veterinary medicine. Extracellular c-AMP-dependent protein kinase A (ECPKA) is a cytosolic leakage enzyme. The diagnostic accuracy of detecting autoantibodies against ECPKA was found to be higher than that of ECPKA activity from enzymatic assays, which use a complicated method. Here, we investigated the diagnostic significance of measuring serum ECPKA autoantibody levels using an in-house kit (AniScan cancer detection kit; Biattic, Anyang, Korea). We used sera from 550 dogs, including healthy dogs and those with malignant and benign tumors. Serum ECPKA and immunoglobulin G were determined using the AniScan cancer detection kit. ECPKA autoantibody levels were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in malignant tumors than in benign tumors, non-tumor diseases, and healthy controls. On the basis of sensitivity and specificity values, AniScan ECPKA is a rapid and easy-to-use assay that can be applied to screen malignant tumors from benign tumors or other diseases in dogs.

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