Mineral species and formation processes: Raman spectroscopic and microscopic analysis of stains from a late pleistocene continental drowned faunal bone assemblage, Central Chile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cartajena ◽  
Freddy Celis ◽  
Valentina Flores‐Aqueveque ◽  
Jennifer Pavez ◽  
Diego Carabias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Mineral Species ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic

Formation Processes of the Late Pleistocene Site Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião – Piauí (Brazil)

PaleoAmerica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ximena S. Villagran ◽  
Gelvam A. Hartmann ◽  
Mareike Stahlschmidt ◽  
Susan Heinrich ◽  
María F. Gluchy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Formation Processes

A Raman spectroscopic study of the natural carbonophosphates Na3MCO3PO4 (M = Mn, Fe, and Mg)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Fomina ◽  
Evgeniy Kozlov ◽  
Mikhail Sidorov ◽  
Vladimir Bocharov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Increase ◽  
Mineral Species ◽  
Raman Shift ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Epma Data ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Vibrational Bands ◽  
Global Carbon

<p>Along with some other Na-minerals, carbonophosphates indicate a high initial Na activity in carbonatite and kimberlite melts, which is beneficial for petrological reconstructions. Because carbonophosphates are capable of incorporating large-ion lithophile and rare earth elements (REEs) in their structure, they can participate in the transport of these elements. Moreover, due to the presence of both [PO<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> and [CO<sub>3</sub>]<sup>2− </sup>groups in carbonophosphates, these mineral phases play an important role in the Earth's global carbon and phosphate cycles. With all these properties, carbonophosphates have long attracted the attention of geologists. Raman spectroscopy appears to be one of the most suitable tools for their diagnosis, since they commonly present in rocks as small inclusions in other mineral grains. Despite this profit, only a few publications contain Raman characteristics of either natural or synthetic carbonophosphates.</p><p>We studied and compared Raman spectra of three natural carbonophosphate phases (sidorenkite, bonshtedtite, and bradleyite) with the general formula Na<sub>3</sub>MCO<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (M = Mn, Fe, and Mg, correspondingly). These spectra showed from 21 to 24 vibrational bands, of which the two most intense (963±5 cm<sup>-1</sup> и 1074±3 cm<sup>-1</sup>) correspond to the ν1(P–O) and ν1(C–O) modes. These two bands split due to the occurrence of isomorphic impurities. It was found that the crystallographic orientation of the sample influences the intensity of most bands. A natural increase in the Raman shift was observed for most bands assigned to the same vibrations (the smallest shift in the spectrum is characteristic of sidorenkite, an intermediate - of bonshtedtite, and the largest - of bradleyite).</p><p>We propose the following algorithm for the diagnosis of carbonophosphates:</p><ul><li>Checking minerals for belonging to the group of carbonophosphates by the main bands and the characteristic profile of the spectrum;</li> <li>Testing the hypothesis that the mineral of question is bradleyite based on the analysis of the estimated shift of the main bands;</li> <li>Diagnosis of a mineral species by peaks located between the main bands;</li> <li>Validation of the diagnostics by considering the position of the bands at 185±9 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 208±7 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 255±5 cm<sup>-1</sup>, and 725±6 cm<sup>-1</sup>.</li> </ul><p>The proposed algorithm allows one to perform Raman diagnostics of carbonophosphates in inclusions even in the absence of EPMA data. In the study of carbonatites, kimberlites, and other rocks, the diagnostics of the mineral species of the carbonophosphate group can be important in the petrological aspect.</p><p>This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 19-77-10039.</p>

New excavations at the late Pleistocene site of Chinchihuapi I, Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom D. Dillehay ◽  
Carlos Ocampo ◽  
Jose Saavedra ◽  
Mario Pino ◽  
Linda Scott-Cummings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Occupied Site ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
South Central ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Monte Verde ◽  
Point Type

AbstractThis paper presents new excavation data on the Chinchihuapi I (CH-I) locality within the Monte Verde site complex, located along Chinchihuapi Creek in the cool, temperate Valdivian rain forest of south-central Chile. The 2017 and 2018 archaeological excavations carried out in this open-air locality reveal further that CH-I is an intermittently occupied site dating from the Early Holocene (~10,000 cal yr BP) to the late Pleistocene (at least ~14,500 cal yr BP) and probably earlier. A new series of radiocarbon dates refines the chronology of human use of the site during this period. In this paper, we describe the archaeological and stratigraphic contexts of the recent excavations and analyze the recovered artifact assemblages. A fragmented Monte Verde II point type on an exotic quartz newly recovered from excavations at CH-I indicates that this biface design existed in at least two areas of the wider site complex ~14,500 cal yr BP. In addition, associated with the early Holocene component at CH-I are later Paijan-like points recovered with lithic tools and debris and other materials. We discuss the geographic distribution of diagnostic artifacts from the site and their probable relationship to other early sites in South America.

Formation processes at the early Late Pleistocene archaic human site of Lingjing, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Zhan-yang Li ◽  
Matt G. Lotter ◽  
Kathleen Kuman
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Early Late

Reconstructing drowned terrestrial landscapes. Isotopic paleoecology of a late Pleistocene extinct faunal assemblage: Site GNL Quintero 1 (GNLQ1) (32° S, Central Chile)

2018 ◽  
Vol 463 ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio López Mendoza ◽  
Isabel Cartajena ◽  
Diego Carabias ◽  
Francisco J. Prevosti ◽  
Antonio Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Faunal Assemblage ◽  
Central Chile

Taguatagua 1: New insights into the late Pleistocene fauna, paleoenvironment, and human subsistence in a unique lacustrine context in central Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 106282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Labarca ◽  
Erwin González-Guarda ◽  
Álvaro Lizama-Catalán ◽  
Natalia A. Villavicencio ◽  
Jhonatan Alarcón-Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Human Subsistence

Late Pleistocene landscape evolution in south-central Chile constrained by luminescence and stable cosmogenic nuclide dating

2010 ◽  
Vol 122 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1235-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Rehak ◽  
Samuel Niedermann ◽  
Frank Preusser ◽  
Manfred R. Strecker ◽  
Helmut P. Echtler
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Cosmogenic Nuclide ◽  
South Central ◽  
Cosmogenic Nuclide Dating

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopic and Microscopic Analysis for Monitoring Renal Osteodystrophy Signatures

Biosensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ciubuc ◽  
Marian Manciu ◽  
Avudaiappan Maran ◽  
Michael Yaszemski ◽  
Emma Sundin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Osteodystrophy ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic
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