Formation processes of cemented features in karstic cave sites revealed using stable oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses: A case study at middle paleolithic Amud Cave, Israel

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Shahack-Gross ◽  
Avner Ayalon ◽  
Paul Goldberg ◽  
Yuval Goren ◽  
Boaz Ofek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Paleolithic ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Stable Oxygen

OXYGEN AND CARBON ISOTOPIC ANALYSES OF THE CARBONATE-HOSTED BORNITE CU-CO DEPOSIT, NW ALASKA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Surrusco ◽  
◽  
Christian M. Schrader ◽  
Andrew West ◽  
Bonnie Broman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Isotopic Analyses

scholarly journals Investigations on historical monuments’ deterioration through chemical and isotopic analyses: an Italian case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ricciardi ◽  
Concetta Pironti ◽  
Oriana Motta ◽  
Rosa Fiorillo ◽  
Federica Camin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
The Church

AbstractIn this paper, we analysed the efflorescences present in the frescos of a monumental complex named S. Pietro a Corte situated in the historic centre of Salerno (Campania, Italy). The groundwater of the historic centre is fed by two important streams (the Rafastia and the Fusandola) that can be the sources of water penetration. The aims of this work are to (i) identify the stream that reaches the ancient frigidarium of S. Pietro a Corte and (ii) characterize the efflorescences on damaged frescos in terms of chemical nature and sources. In order to accomplish the first aim, the water of the Rafastia river (7 samples) and the water of the Fusandola river (7 samples) were analysed and compared with the water of a well of the Church (7 samples). The ionic chromatography measurements on the water samples allowed us to identify the Rafastia as the river that feeds the ancient frigidarium of S. Pietro a Corte. To investigate the nature and the origin of the efflorescences (our second aim), anionic chromatography analyses, X-ray diffraction measurements, and the isotopic determination of nitrogen were performed on the efflorescences (9 samples) and the salts recovered from the well (6 samples). Results of these analyses show that efflorescences are mainly made of potassium nitrate with a δ15N value of + 9.3 ± 0.2‰. Consequently, a plausible explanation for their formation could be the permeation of sewage water on the walls of the monumental complex.

A multi-proxy approach to Middle Paleolithic mobility: A case study from the open-air site of ‘Ein Qashish (Israel)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 103088
Author(s):  
Netta Mitki ◽  
Reuven Yeshurun ◽  
Ravid Ekshtain ◽  
Ariel Malinsky-Buller ◽  
Erella Hovers
Keyword(s):  
Middle Paleolithic

The Interpretation of Archaeological Floor Assemblages: A Case Study from the American Southwest

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Functional Differences

Analyses of the assemblages from the floors of Upland Mogollon pithouses show that variation in artifact frequencies may be attributed to differences in the intensity of abandonment and post-abandonment formation processes, such as caching, scavenging and trash dumping. The proportion of pithouses that contain caches or de facto assemblages is provocatively constant across sites—roughly 18 percent. This observation may be useful for refining estimates of the populations of sites or regions, for recognizing the size of social groups, or for identifying the abandonment sequences of pithouse villages. Prior studies that attribute variation in the frequencies of different classes of artifacts to functional differences in the uses of pithouses are rejected on the grounds of methodological inadequacy.

scholarly journals Formation processes of basal ice at Hamna Glacier, Sôya Coast, East Antarctica, inferred by detailed co-isotopic analyses

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (157) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Iizuka ◽  
Hiroshi Satake ◽  
Takayuki Shiraiwa ◽  
Renji Naruse
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Open System ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Basal Ice ◽  
Isotopic Analyses

AbstractDebris-laden basal ice is exposed along an ice cliff near Hamna Glacier, Sôya Coast, East Antarctica. The basal ice is about 6.8 m thick and shows conspicuous stratigraphic features. The upper 5.5 m consists of alternating layers of bubble-free and bubbly ice. δ values of the bubble-free ice layers are enriched by 2.4 ±1.0‰ (standard deviation) for δ18O compared to values of neighboring bubbly ice layers above, and slopes of δ18O vs δD are close to 8. Such layers are suggested to have been formed by refreezing of meltwater in an open system. In contrast, part of the bubbly ice layers shows neutral profiles for stable isotopes, suggesting that these ice masses are undisturbed ice-sheet ice which was not affected by melting and freezing. The massive alternating layers are thus considered to have been formed by folding of refrozen and non-melted layers. The lower 1.3 m consists predominantly of bubble-free massive ice. The profile of co-isotopic values shows a change of about 3.0‰ for δ18O at the interface between bubble-free and bubbly ice. Since the isotopic change occurred over a wider thickness than the upper 5.5 m, the basal ice is suggested to have been formed by refreezing of meltwater on a larger scale than the upper 5.5 m.

Forsterite reprecipitation and carbon dioxide entrapment in the lithospheric mantle during its interaction with carbonatitic melt: a case study from the Sung Valley ultramafic–alkaline–carbonatite complex, Meghalaya, NE India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shubham Choudhary ◽  
Koushik Sen ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Shruti Rana ◽  
Swakangkha Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbonatite Complex ◽  
Kerguelen Plume ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic ◽  
Carbonatite Magma

Abstract Carbonatite melts derived from the mantle are enriched in CO2- and H2O-bearing fluids. This melt can metasomatize the peridotitic lithosphere and liberate a considerable amount of CO2. Experimental studies have also shown that a CO2–H2O-rich fluid can form Fe- and Mg-rich carbonate by reacting with olivine. The Sung Valley carbonatite of NE India is related to the Kerguelen plume and is characterized by rare occurrences of olivine. Our study shows that this olivine is resorbed forsterite of xenocrystic nature. This olivine bears inclusions of Fe-rich magnesite. Accessory apatite in the host carbonatite contains CO2–H2O fluid inclusions. Carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses indicate that the carbonatites are primary igneous carbonatites and are devoid of any alteration or fractionation. We envisage that the forsterite is a part of the lithospheric mantle that was reprecipitated in a carbonatite reservoir through dissolution–precipitation. Carbonation of this forsterite, during interaction between the lithospheric mantle and carbonatite melt, formed Fe-rich magnesite. CO2–H2O-rich fluid derived from the carbonatite magma and detected within accessory apatite caused this carbonation. Our study suggests that a significant amount of CO2 degassed from the mantle by carbonatitic magma can become entrapped in the lithosphere by forming Fe- and Mg-rich carbonates.

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