scholarly journals Screening of plenum cables using a small-scale fire test protocol

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Khan ◽  
Robert G. Bill ◽  
Ronald L. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Fire Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Protocol

scholarly journals Fire Spread of Thermal Insulation Materials in the Ceiling of Piloti-Type Structure: Comparison of Numerical Simulation and Experimental Fire Tests Using Small- and Real-Scale Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3389
Author(s):  
Heong-Won Suh ◽  
Su-Min Im ◽  
Tae-Hoon Park ◽  
Hyung-Jun Kim ◽  
Hong-Sik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Fire Test ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Real Scale

Large-scale fires mainly due to the ignition of thermal insulation materials in the ceiling of piloti-type structures are becoming frequent. However, the fire spread in these cases is not well understood. Herein we performed small-scale and real-scale model tests, and numerical simulations using a fire dynamics simulator (FDS). The experimental and FDS results were compared to elucidate fire spread and effects of thermal insulation materials on it. Comparison of real-scale fire test and FDS results revealed that extruded polystyrene (XPS) thermal insulation material generated additional ignition sources above the ceiling materials upon melting and propagated and sustained the fire. Deformation of these materials during fire test generated gaps, and combustible gases leaked out to cause fire spread. When the ceiling materials collapsed, air flew in through the gaps, leading to flashover that rapidly increased fire intensity and degree of spread. Although the variations of temperatures in real-scale fire test and FDS analysis were approximately similar, melting of XPS and generation of ignition sources could not be reproduced using FDS. Thus, artificial settings that increase the size and intensity of ignition sources at the appropriate moment in FDS were needed to achieve results comparable to those recorded by heat detectors in real-scale fire tests.

THE PROGRESS IN HYDROGEN SAFETY RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Molkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Fire Test ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Underexpanded Jet ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Fire Resistance Rating ◽  
Hydrogen Safety ◽  
Resistance Rating ◽  
Peaking Phenomenon

This paper presents the progress in hydrogen safety research which includes some of studies carried out at HySAFER Centre of Ulster University during last two years 2016-2018. The results of four studies are presented: modeling and simulation of radiation from cryogenic underexpanded jet fires; improved fire test protocol for hydrogen storage composite vessels accounting for dependence of fire resistance rating on the burner heat release rate; validation of the pressure peaking phenomenon for unignited releases and jet fires; and modeling of hydrogen tank fuelling.

Small-Scale Test Protocol for Firefighting Foams DEF(AUST)5706: Effect of Bubble Size Distribution and Expansion Ratio

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashlea J. Laundess ◽  
Mark S. Rayson ◽  
Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski ◽  
Eric M. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Bubble Size Distribution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Scale Test

Effect of High Temperature Additives in Fire Resistant Materials

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 488-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Koo ◽  
Peter S. Ng ◽  
Fan-Bill Cheung
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fire Test ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Ceramic Fibers ◽  
Time Period ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Astm E119

The effect of high temperature additives in intumescent systems was examined in a laboratory environment. A matrix of ceramic fibers/minerals was incorporated into two intumescent systems. The material performance was determined using a series of small-scale propane-fired furnace tests based on the ASTM E119 time-temperature curve for fire tests of building construction and materials. Several formulations were identified using a 15-minute screening fire test before testing for a longer time period.

Creep and damage of an adhesive anchor system by accelerated testing and modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingqi Yang ◽  
Fangliang Chen ◽  
Huiming Yin
Keyword(s):  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Accelerated Testing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Anchor System ◽  
Anchor Systems ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

An accelerated testing and modeling method was proposed and implemented to predict the long-term performance through short-term pullout tests of a cylindrical anchor core by tensile loading at different elevated testing temperatures. Dimensional analysis was conducted to predict the creep behavior of adhesive anchor systems by small-scale tests. By using the frequency-temperature superposition principle, the master curves of the complex and storage moduli were generated in the Prony series form. By performing inverse numerical Laplace transformation, the creep compliance of the adhesive in the time domain was calculated and then used in the viscoelastic analysis of the adhesive anchor system. To validate the model, six adhesive anchor samples with different sizes of hole diameter and depth were fabricated and creep tests were then conducted at different temperatures. Overall, the test results agree well with the theoretical ones using the adhesive’s viscoelastic properties. An accelerated test protocol was further established for the long-term performance analysis of the adhesive anchor systems. The error sources of the experiments were discussed. Because of the generality of the formulation and testing mechanism, the present test method is applicable to the design and analysis of different types and sizes of adhesive anchor systems.

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