Assessment of fire behaviour of high-speed trains' interior materials: small-scale and full-scale fire tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Capote ◽  
José A. Jimenez ◽  
Daniel Alvear ◽  
Julio Alvarez ◽  
Orlando Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
High Speed Trains

Structural Post-Fire Behaviour of the Steel I-Shape Beams-to-Cylindrical Columns

2012 ◽  
Vol 249-250 ◽  
pp. 1057-1062
Author(s):  
M. Zeinoddini ◽  
S.A. Hosseini ◽  
M. Daghigh ◽  
S. Arnavaz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Rescue Workers ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Oil Platforms ◽  
In Fire

Previous researchers have tried to predict the response of different types of structures under elevated temperatures. The results are important in preventing the collapse of buildings in fire. Post-fire status of the structures is also of interest for ensuring the safety of rescue workers during the fire and in the post-fire situations. Determining the extent of the structural damage left behind a fire event is necessary to draw up adequate repair plans. Connections play an important role on the fire performance of different structures. Due to the high cost of fire tests, adequate experimental data about a broad range of connections is not available. A vulnerable type of such connections to fire is the weld connections between I-shape beams and cylindrical columns in oil platform topsides. Considering the high probability of fire in oil platforms, study of the behaviour of these connections at elevated temperatures and in the post-fire, is of great importance. In the current study, eight small scale experimental fire tests on welded connections between I-shape beams and cylindrical columns have been conducted. Four tests are aimed at investigating the structural performance of this connection at elevated temperature. In other tests, post-fire behaviour of these connections has been studied to investigate their residual structural strength.

Calculation method of dynamic loads spectrum and effects on fatigue damage of a full-scale carbody for high-speed trains

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohui Lu ◽  
Wei Bi ◽  
Xing Zhang ◽  
Jing Zeng ◽  
Tianli Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
High Speed Trains

A new methodology for the assessment of the running resistance of trains without knowing the characteristics of the track: Application to full-scale experimental data

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (6) ◽  
pp. 1814-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Somaschini ◽  
Tommaso Argentini ◽  
Daniele Rocchi ◽  
Paolo Schito ◽  
Gisella Tomasini
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Resistance Coefficients

The resistance to motion of trains is an essential requisite especially while designing high-speed trains and high-capacity railway lines. The optimisation of friction effects and aerodynamic performance can be done during the design stage of a new train but the actual value of the running resistance can be inferred only by means of full-scale tests during the operation of a train. A CEN standard (EN 14067-4) describes the methodologies for the assessment of the running resistance of railway vehicles starting from full-scale test measurements. According to this standard, the speed-dependent terms of the resistance force have to be determined by means of coasting tests on railway lines, whose characteristics must be well known. Since this is not always possible and small errors on the gradient could lead to major uncertainties in the evaluation of the resistance force, a new method for the estimation of the running resistance coefficients, irrespective of the characteristics of the track is proposed in this paper. The reliability of the method is verified by comparing the results with those obtained from the procedure proposed in the CEN standard. The comparison shows that the new methodology is able to evaluate the resistance coefficients with an accuracy equivalent to that of the other methods but with fewer tests and with a more robust procedure relying on a lesser number of parameters.

A new approach to calculating the time to the blocking of the escape routes due to the loss of visibility in the smoke of an indoor fire

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
S. V. Puzach ◽  
V. M. Mustafin ◽  
R. G. Akperov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Optical Density ◽  
Smoke Generation ◽  
Partial Oxygen

Introduction. The accuracy of the visibility analysis in the event of an indoor fire strongly depends on the smoke-generating ability of substances and materials obtained experimentally in small-scale units. Therefore, the task is to develop a method of analysis that takes account of the scale factor and does not use the specific coefficient of smoke generation to identify the range of visibility in a full-scale room.Goals and objectives. The goal of the research project is a new approach to the calculation of the time to the blocking of the escape routes due to the loss of visibility with due regard for the scale factor and without regard for the specific coefficient of smoke generation. To achieve this goal, the analysis of fire development patterns in small-scale and full-scale rooms was carried out; theoretical dependences between the volumetric average optical smoke density and other volumetric average parameters of the indoor gas environment were obtained for these patterns, and calculation results, based on the obtained dependences, were compared with the experimental data.Methods. Methods, employed by the co-authors, included solving non-stationary equations based on the principle of conservation of indoor gas energy, optical density of smoke and oxygen mass for the cases of closed and open-type indoor heat and mass transfer. Fire tests were conducted in a small-scale facility. Theoretical and experimental data were compared.Results. Analytical dependences between the volumetric average optical density of smoke, a change in the volumetric average temperature, and the volumetric average partial oxygen density for closed and open indoor fire patterns were obtained. The series of fire tests involving the PVC insulated and sheathed bare (coverless) cable, exposed to the effect of the varying density incident heat flux, were carried out. Experimental dependences between the time, the optical density of smoke, and the specific coefficient of smoke generation were obtained. The obtained volumetric average optical density of smoke was compared with the experimental data using the proposed analytical expressions.Conclusions. The co-authors suggest using experimental dependences between the volumetric average optical density of smoke, changes in the volumetric average temperature or the volumetric average partial oxygen density obtained in a small-scale facility without solving the differential equation based on the principle of conservation of optical density of smoke.

Influence of the Friction Block Shape and Installation Angle of High-Speed Train Brakes on Brake Noise

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Quan ◽  
Jiliang Mo ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Huajiang Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Installation Angle ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Brake Dynamometer ◽  
Brake Noise

Abstract In this study, experiments are conducted to evaluate the effects of friction block shapes and installation angles on the brake noise of high-speed trains on a customized small-scale brake dynamometer. Friction blocks in three different shapes (circle, triangle, and hexagon) and triangular/hexagonal friction blocks at different installation angles are used in the tests. The results indicate that the circular and triangular blocks exhibit low sound pressure with multiple harmonics, whereas the hexagonal friction block produces the highest sound pressure with a single dominant frequency. This difference is attributed to the high contact pressure and severe wear on the surface of the hexagonal friction block. Differences in the installation angle of the triangular/hexagonal friction blocks affect wear debris behavior, distribution of contact pressure, and contact state of the friction interface, consequently influencing noise performance.

scholarly journals Analysis methods of the dynamic structural stress in a full-scale welded carbody for high-speed trains

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 168781401880591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohui Lu ◽  
Heyan Zheng ◽  
Chuan Lu ◽  
Tianli Chen ◽  
Jing Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dynamic Stress ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Structural Stress ◽  
Random Load ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Welded Structure ◽  
High Speed Trains

The calculation of the dynamic stress of a large and complex welded carbody is the key to the fatigue design and the durability evaluation of the carbody. Adopting the advanced structural stress based on the finite element method, a new finite element transformation method between random loads and dynamic stresses is proposed to be applied in carbody for high-speed trains. The multi-axial random dynamic load spectrums of full-scale carbody are obtained by the vehicle system dynamics method, and the shell finite element model of a full-scale carbody is established. Adopting the concept of a surrogate model, the finite element transformation relationship between the random load and the dynamic structural stress at concerned points is constructed by using multidisciplinary methods to compute the dynamic stress spectrums of concerned points at the welding seam, and dynamic structural stresses are compared and validated through carbody rig-test. The analysis methods of dynamic structural stress are performed systematically for a full-scale welded structure, which provides reference methods for the fatigue durability evaluation of large-scale welded structures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document