scholarly journals Quantifying the costs of pre‐ and postcopulatory traits for males: Evidence that costs of ejaculation are minor relative to mating effort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng‐Han Joseph Chung ◽  
Michael D. Jennions ◽  
Rebecca J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Mating Effort

Natural Variation in a Testosterone-Mediated Trade-off between Mating Effort and Parental Effort

2007 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
McGlothlin ◽  
Jodie M. Jawor ◽  
Ketterson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Parental Effort ◽  
Trade Off

Sex, Coalitions, and Politics in Preindustrial Societies

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbi S. Low
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Parental Effort ◽  
Male And Female

Broadly defined, political activity normally involves some form of coalition, usually centering upon resource acquisition, and is not restricted to humans. Male and female mammals appear to have evolved to seek and use resources differently—males to get mates (mating effort) and females to raise healthy, successful offspring (parental effort). Because the return curves for these two types of effort differ in shape, several predictions follow about sex differences in political activity. These predictions are tested using the 93 odd-numbered societies of the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample. Results offer insights into current patterns of male and female political activity in Western societies.

scholarly journals Endogenous testosterone is not associated with the trade-off between paternal and mating effort

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cas Eikenaar ◽  
Megan Whitham ◽  
Jan Komdeur ◽  
Marco van der Velde ◽  
Ignacio T. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Mating Effort ◽  
Trade Off

scholarly journals Sex ratio effects on reproductive strategies in humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 140402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Schacht ◽  
Monique Borgerhoff Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Sex Ratio ◽  
Using Data

Characterizations of coy females and ardent males are rooted in models of sexual selection that are increasingly outdated. Evolutionary feedbacks can strongly influence the sex roles and subsequent patterns of sex differentiated investment in mating effort, with a key component being the adult sex ratio (ASR). Using data from eight Makushi communities of southern Guyana, characterized by varying ASRs contingent on migration, we show that even within a single ethnic group, male mating effort varies in predictable ways with the ASR. At male-biased sex ratios, men's and women's investment in mating effort are indistinguishable; only when men are in the minority are they more inclined towards short-term, low investment relationships than women. Our results support the behavioural ecological tenet that reproductive strategies are predictable and contingent on varying situational factors.

Mating-Effort Scale--Male Version

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Rowe ◽  
Alexander T. Vazsonyi ◽  
Aurelio Jose Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
Mating Effort

Energy Expenditure in Reproductive Effort of Male and Female Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)

The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne H. Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Parental Effort ◽  
Nest Failure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Charadrius Vociferus

Abstract The reproductive investment strategies of the sexes during the breeding season are detailed for Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus), a monogamous plover. I measured the energy investments of the sexes in reproductive, mating, and parental effort. As predicted, males expend more mating effort than females; however, the sexes expend equal amounts of parental effort. Total energy expenditure in reproductive effort (mating and parental effort) during a successful nesting attempt was also equal for the sexes. However, early parental effort expenditures by females, early mating effort expenditures by males, and high rates of nest failure combine to result in female reproductive energy expenditures being significantly higher over the breeding season. This suggests that energy expenditure alone is not adequate for accurate comparisons of the relative investments of the sexes. Studies investigating male and female investments need to consider the degree and pattern of nest failures along with patterns of energy expenditure. The advantages to male and female Killdeer of sharing parental care is demonstrated using adult removal experiments. In general, a deserted parent expends more energy in parental effort than a bi-parental parent and has significantly lower reproductive success. However, males are able to hatch chicks, whereas females lose or abandon their nests within a few days of mate removal. Thus, monogamy in Killdeer appears to result from high nest failure rates, the necessity of two parents for any reproductive success, and the generalizable nature of Killdeer parental care.

Number of friends and self-perception among Jamaican children: the role of attractiveness and fluctuating asymmetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Jacobson ◽  
R. Trivers ◽  
B.G. Palestis
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Research Paradigm ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Peer Associations

AbstractThe role that physical attractiveness and fluctuating asymmetry (FA), a measure of developmental instability, play in self-perception and peer associations were explored in a well-studied cohort of Jamaican children using a novel research paradigm where subjects were already known to each other for extensive periods of time. The results showed that how attractive a child was perceived by others was significantly positively correlated with self-ratings of attractiveness. Contrary to findings from WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) samples, the study found a reversal in the sex differences in self-perceived attractiveness and self-esteem, where Jamaican females rate themselves more attractive and report higher self-esteem than do males. Attractiveness also predicts overall popularity, as measured by desirability as a friend and the percentage of peers who choose an individual as a friend. Attractive individuals of both sexes were chosen more often as ‘friends’. A significant correlation was also found between an individual’s FA and the average FA of those chosen as friends. However, the effect was primarily due to preferences by males for female friends possessing similar levels of FA, which could be an effective strategy in reducing future mating effort.

Male–female relationships in olive baboons (Papio anubis): Parenting or mating effort?

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Städele ◽  
Eila R. Roberts ◽  
Brendan J. Barrett ◽  
Shirley C. Strum ◽  
Linda Vigilant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Effort ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Female Relationships ◽  
Olive Baboons
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